HARVEST.
Let songs arise to Thee, O God,
From every harvest field;
And let the nations praise thy name
For what the earth doth yield.
We. to thy holy table, Lord.
The fairest flowers do bring,
And with the first fruits we present
To Thee our offering.
For Thou hast, in Thy goodness great,
With plenty filled the land;
No sparrow falleth to the ground
Except by Thy command.
O, give us grace that we may first
The heavenly kingdom seek.
In confidence that Thou for us
Do'st earthly treasures keep.
Enable us to look beyond
The things of time and see
That greater harvest when we shall
Be gathered unto Thee.
Not in a temple made with hands
But in the mansions high.
Prepared for us by Jesus Christ,
In heaven, beyond the sky.
Rev. Laurence Sinclair.
A Mistake.
RED LORING'S toilet was at
length completed, and, turn
ing from tne glass ne sbjq:
"Well, I'm oft now, Nellie;
good bye." "At last! Ex
cuse me, Fred, but Just now
quietness Is more desirable
than your society. It is im
possible to get baby to sleep while
vou are flvlrur about the room. She
Boca you and want's to get to you,"
answered Nellie.
"All right, I'll get out of the way.
By by, baby."
And kissing the little one, Fred hur
ried out.
Ten or fifteen minutes passed. Baby
was quiet at last, almost asleep, when
the door opened and in rusned Fred
again. And up started baby with a
shout of welcome. A certain impatience
came into Nellie's eyes, and the tone
of her words:
"Oh, Fred, I had almost gotten her
to sleep. And now see! And I am so
tired. What has brought you back
so soon?"
"Well, well, I'm sorry, but I left my
revolver behind. I guess she'll soon be
quiet again," Fred said, unlocking the
li ftr and taking out his revolver.
. Fred! You are so quick and BUS'
piMi.-.p c- everyone that my great fear
Is th;; ' : will hurt the wrong per
son sorc..- time!" said Nellie, with a
really anxious look on her pretty face.
"Indeed, I am ne .. . ire of ev- hav
ing gotten hold of the wron;; person.
t think you are calling on your imagln-
nwuik iui ... . -i. uu-. .o
aid angrily.
"Now, Fred, to defend my.jelf, I
shall have to resort to facts. Do you
forget catching hold of poor old Uncle
Tom, and choking him so he couia
not explain that he was carrying the
clothes to his wife to wash instead of
being the thief as you supposed?
And"
"And will I ever forget your hand
ing me over to the police for having
attempted to pick your pocket in a
street car?" exclaimed a bright, merry-looking
girl, who entered the room
during Nellie's attempt to 'defend
herself from Fred's accusation.
' "Oh, Fan, don't, for mercy's sake.
I cry quarter. Two at a time is more
than I can stand. And besides, I had
hoped that you would not have ex
posed that miserable mistake!" Fred
said, with a reproachful look.
"I intended to keep the secret. But
really, Fred, I've been almost dying
to have a good laugh with Nellie over
It. And tonight the opportunity was
too tempting to resist."
"Mercy. Fan! If you tell Nellie, I'll
never hear the last of it."
"Oh, I must! It is too late to re
cede. Nellie will imagine it worse, if
possible, than it really is. But I'll not
prolong your agony. I'll be as brief
as possible," said Fannie.
And amid cries of "Don't!" "Don't!"
and "Yes! do, do!" Fannie began.
"The day I" reached here. Just as I
came out of the depot, I spied my be
loved and respected cousin Fred en
tering the street car. I hurried up
and got in immediately after him.
Even if my veil had been iaised I
could hardly expected him to have
recognized me, as I have changed
much In five years. As it was, my
face was completely hidden. The. car
was much crowded, many standing
I next behind Fred. I was well laden
with lots of little packoages. so the
Idea struck mm to drop a few into
Frca's pockets. Without discovery
l put what I wished into one, and was
about slipping my portmaneu into the
other when my hand was caught with
such a grip that I cried right out.
At the same time Fred exclaimed,
"Here is a pick-pocket!" and of course
there was a policeman there, as none
was needed. I was too frightened to
speak for a moment. "At length I found
voice enough to say to the officer, who
was making towards me, "The gen
tleman will find he is mistaken in a
moment.'
"After the first fright I was really
amused, notwithstanding the mortify
ing situation. By that time Fred had
drawn forth my portmonnaie. Nod
ding to the policeman he sad:
"An old dodge. Putting into my
pocket what she had taken from some
one's else. Has anyone here lost this?"
be asked, holding up my portmonnaie
"No one claimed it. I managed to
get my veil off then, that I had
been tugging at. I had gotten a lady
In the depot to tie it tightly, as it
was blowing a perfect gale when I
arrived. Ail eyes were on me, ct
course, and the officer, not recognizing
an old offender, and not a very guilty
looking young one, hesitated. I looked
eagerly at Fred, to see If he would
not recognize me, but he did not.
There was a very embarrassing pause
then that had to be ended, so I said,
not trying to restrain my smiles:
" 'If you will open that portmon
naie, Mr. Lorlng, you will see my card.
I thought my acquaintance woum jus
tify my loading you with some of my
bundles. If you will notice, your other
pocket is full.'
"Everyone awaited eagerly the re
sult. Quickly Fred did my bidding.
You may imagine his look when he
exclaimed:
" 'FUnnie Lorlng! Bless my soul!
Coz, can you ever forgive me? But
iiow could I know you? I've not seen
you since you were a child.
"There "was a Bhout of laughter
heard then In which Fred and I Joined.
But Fred's was not a very hearty
laugn, ana i tmnK ne was very giaa 10
get off the car, for he made me walk
at least three times as far as you
and I walk when we leave the car."
Nellie waa almost convulsed with
- laughter, which baby seemed to enjoy
very much. And Fred exclaimed: j
. "it was not half so bad as you have
made it out, Fa. And Just for pun
ishment for your laughing so, Nellie,
I hope baby will not go to sleep for
boura. I'm off now."
JHerry rippling laughter followed him.
And Fted ran down the stairs and out
of the house, almost hoping somebody
might attempt to rob or murder him
even, so that his revolver might prove
of great avail, and thus silence Nellie,
who was ever talking about what she
called his suspicious nature, when It
was only necessary caution be thought.
Soon baby was sleeping soundly, not-'
withstanding Fred's wish to the con
tra r v. And Nellie. DUttine- hor Into th
crib, went to the bureau to arrange her
hair.
"Why, Fred has gone without his
watoh!" she excliamed. "I don't tbink
he ever did It in his life before. I
wonder he has not been back agiin
before this!"
The hours passed swiftly by, Fannie,
with her merry heart, fully compen
sating Neljlie for Fred's absence.
Eleven o'clock came before they im
agined it near so laite. Just then they
heard the door close and a moment af
ter Fred entered the room, and in an
excited voice exclaimed:
"Now, ladies, perhaps you will ad
mit the good of carrying a revolver,
when I tell you that tonignt I have
been robbed."
"Robbed!" exclaimed Nellie and Fan
nie simultaneously.
"Yes, robbed. But I did not stay so,
many minutes, thanks to my revolver.
Listen, and I'll tell you all about it.
On my way home I turrted into Four
teenth street. You know how dark
and dismal it .'s there no lighta Well
as I turned, a fellow came rushing
along, knocked against and nearly
sent me down. And saying quickly,
"Excuse me, sir," burred on. I sus
pected what it was a dodge they
have when relieving a man of his
watch or pocketbook. I hastened to
feel for my watch. It was gone."
"Why Kred, your watch "
"Stop! Don't interrupt me. Wait
until I have done."
The girls exchanged looks mirthful
first, anxious afterward.
"In a second I wSs after him. Pres
enting my revolver, I bade him hand
me fcha witch. He resisted. I covered
him with my pistol, and spoke again in
a tone which convinced him that I was
in a dangerous mood.
" 'Hand me the watch."
"Out it came, and, without taking a
second look at me, he left. And thanks
to my little beauty here," tapping his
revolver, "I am home again no worse
off than when I started. Now, what do
you say?"
"Oh. Fred! Oh, my dear, what have
you done? Oh, you have robbed that
man of his watch! Yours is on the
bureau. You left it art home," Nellie
cried in a voice of real agitation.
"What? No! Surely not!" exclaimed
Fred, growing very red and starting
toward the bureau.
Fannie handed to Fred his own
watch, at the same time fairly shaking
with the laughter she had tried so
hard to repress.
"Oh, Fred! Forgive me; I'm only
human; I must laugh or die."
Peal after peal came from the merry
girl, who could not restrian herself,
although Nellie looked so reproach
fully and Fred really angrily at her,
the former saying:
"Indeed, Fannie, I'm too much fright
ened to laugh."
Fred was too mortified to say an
other word for some time. At length,
turning to Fannie, who had grown a
little quiet, he snappishly said:
"Pray don't step; I'm very happy to
afford you such amusement."
Of course Fannie began anew; and
Nellie, trying to stop her by looks and
motions, said:
"What shall you do, Fred?"
"It is net a matter of such vital im
portance that you need look so worried
Nellie. I'll go to the police headquar
ters, explain the matter and leave
the watch. That will be the end of it,"
said Fred, trying to assume a light
careless tone.
Nellie hoped it might be the end of
It; tout still fearful of something un
pleasant, asked:
"Is It too late tonight to go, Fred?"
"Certainly it is," Fred answered.
Seeing Nellie's face still retain its
anxious and fright emed expressioni
Fred broke out laughing to himself,
saying:
"You look as much frightened, Nell,
as I imagine that man did when I
went for his watch."
Next morning Fred was longer than
usual getting off from home, and all
Nellie's urging haste seemed to have
the tendency to retard instead of ac
celerating his motions. But at last, to
her great relief he) was off. After
getting a few rods from home he drew
forth the atolsn watoh, and found, of
course, that it had run down. Having
no key to fit it, he approached a Jew
elery shop, intending to have it wound
up. He failed to notice the very par
ticular attention with which a police
man was regarding him. Just as he
was about to enter the store, he was
tapped on the shoulder. Turning, he
beheld the officer, a total stranger to
him, so he knew it was not a bit of
use to explain the case to him. So, to
attract as little attention as possible,
he walked quietly along with his not
very agreeable companion, until they
reached the police headquarters.
There he began his explanation. All
were strange faces around him, on
which he saw unmistakable signs of
merriment when 'he said It was a mis
take. And to h!s immense surprise,
after he had handed over the dreadful
watoh and was turring to leave, he
was a prisoner the accusation, "rob
bery and assault, with intent to kill."
He sank on -..he bench for a moment,
so overwhelmed with surprise and mor
tification that he could with difficulty
collect his senses enough to know what
to do. Just then a gentleman entered
and said to an officer near:
"I was surprised to hear that you
had caught the villain so soon. Where
is the scoundrel? What does he say?"
"That it was all a mistake!" an
swered .the officer with a very signifi
cant smile. "There he is," pointing to
Fred.
'Of course the villain! And if I had
been so unfortunate as not to have had
a watch to hand over he would have
murdered and robbed me of whatever
I might have had of value. The mur
derous rascal! Ah! how are you Lor
lng? You here?" advancing and shak
ing Fred's foand cordially, and contin
uing: "Show me that cut-throat!
Which is he?" i
The expression on Fred's face may
possibly be imagined but it cannot be
described. And when, in answer tn
answer to the call, "Prisoner stand
up," he arose, his friend's the plain
tiff's surprise was stupendous for a
moment; and then, breaking Into a
hearty chuckle, he exclaimed:
"Of course I know It was a mis
take." The dignity of tne place was soon
forgotten by all of them, and never
such a shout of laughter was heard
before within those walls.
But Fred could not Join In It to
save him. He bad too lately stood in
the place of an Individual bearing
quite too many opprobrious epithets'
to feel very light-hearted. J
He returned home to relieve Nel-
lie's mind, telling her It was settled
she need have no more anxiety about
it. But he never told her how it was j
settled. One thing she noticed he was
not so fond of his revolver's compan
ionship as he used to be. And once
she heard him say:
"If the law were more strenuous with
regard to the carrying of concealed
weapons, there would be fewer crim
inal indictments." New York News.
FEED AND CARE OF THE HORSE.
Prof. Williams, of the Edinburgh
Teterinary college, recently, delivered
a lecture before a number 'of Scotch
farmers on the above subject Among
other things he said:
It is my intention to deal with tho
horse from the moment it is born until
maturity. The mare ghes birth to
her offspring quicker than any animal
we know of. We have known a niaro
to foal In two minutes, and at the
tnd of that time to be up and feeding.
It is the custom in some parts of the
country to tie the naval string to pre
vent bleeding. This is not according
to nature, and is a very dangerous
practice. The naval string is usually
torn by the act of the dain in rising,
and thisy pre ents the danger of bleed
ing. The naval string is composed of
a number of differert coatings, which,
being irregularly torn, prevents bleed
ing. Those who are in the habit of
tying it often pay the penalty, as there
is great danger of blood poisoning.
Very often it gives rise to joint ill. or
a swelling or enlargement of the
joints, which means the death of the
colt before maturity. Other evil con
sequences often intervene; the colt
becomes sickly and dull, then begins
to purge and dies in from a week to
ten days. This is certainly the cause
of the loss of a great many foals in
some parts of the country (and he
might have said iu all countries).
There may be a few cases where the
foal might bleed from the naval, but
if it does it is best to twist the naval
string instead of tying it. If any
thing be applied on it let it be good
Scotch whisky, and if any solid mat
ter is applied first pass it through the
name to destroy the germs. As a
rule the after-birth is soon disposed of.
If It is retained long it is a source of
groat danger, as it commences to
putrify and blood poisoning of the
inare follows, fever and inflammation
set in, and the animal often dies in
the course of twenty-four to thirty
hours. If the mare does not clean
In two hours send for the veterinary
surgeon at once. There is no aniiua'
so susceptible to blood poison as a
mare at that stage.
After the mare lias foaled and the
young Is all right and out with iti?
mother on the grass the farmer has
nothing to do save to notice that the
nights are not too cold. The foil!
should be made as hardy as possible.
It Is a great mistake to feed young
colts heavily. If they are hand fed
their bodies become too heavy for
their legs and their limbs swell. It is
of the utmost importance to have
mares in clean houses when foaling
and all the sanitary conditions as
perfect as possible. When the colt
reaches two and a half years it is
about time to handle him. to halter
lead him about, lift his leg, etc. The
foot should be kept to the proper size
by the use of the rasp. When coming
three years old he might do a hall
day's work three or four times a week
but should not be worked regularly
until four. I consider it the greatest
piece of cruelty ever invented for the
young horse to have calkings on hi
shoes. He should be shod plain. Shoos
with calkings spoil the action of the
horse and develop side bones. The
veterinary surgeon should examine all
horses shown for prizes, and no ani
mal afflicted with side bone should
receive a premium. If this wore followed-
side bone would disappear in
ten years. The frog of the foot b
sufficient to prevent a horse from
slipping. When a horse shod with
cslkers makes a mistake lie loses al!
command of himself. Horses should
not be fed with boiled food for the
reason that they lolt it: indigestion
follows, colic and other Ills. Wheal
is the best all round food for horse
ghon with discretion. Sixty-two
pounds of wheat sells at the same
price as .forty-two pounds of oats. Ac
cording to analysis it is the more
valuable food, pound for pound, but is
too stimulating unless given very
ciiutiously. The farmer might begin
with four pounds of wheat per day
coarsely ground, increasing it to six
pounds and in this way help to raise
the price of the article as well as de
crease the cost of feeding the horses.
Water should be given before feeding,
and. if In moderation when the horse
Is warm, is the greatest body refresh
er In the world.
STOCK NOTES.
Stock of inferior quality often fail to
return cost of food.
It Is well to remember that it is mus
cle rather than fat that is needed bv
breeding stock, as fat tends to loss
of energy, if not of health and vigor.
A stockman suggests that if there
are dogs about, put a wide-awake cow
or two in the sheep pen at night. If
tne cow has a young calf she will do
especially good service. A billy goat
would do the business pretty well.
A first-class animal is sure to bring
a good price, says a writer, but he
who has all first-class stock usually
obtains "the top of the market." When
all seem to be of one mould, and that
a good one, there are lots of dealers
ready to take them as a lot, and at
your price.
A horseman of experience says that
colts are often ruined by their train
ers. They are taken in soft condition
and put through work that old stagers
could hardly stand. In consequence
they break down In the legs or. become
weak in their organs and are shortly
ruined beyond recovery.
The fact is, says the Sheep Breeder,
sheep can be made profitable under
right management in almost any kind
of times. Spasmodical sheep husbandry
always was and always will be un
profitable, and it is this class of hus
bandry from which come all the re
ports which stampede the rest of the
brotherhood of "doubting Thomases."
The Medical Record gives the follow
ing directions for keeping flies out of
the stable or dwelling: Expose a lit
tle oil of bay In a saucer on your doors
and window sills, or coat your doors
and windows with any color of paint
you . like, containing as little as four
per cent of oil of bay,- which is far
from expensive, and can be had any
where, and not a single fly will enter
your house.
RIVAL IN FAME.
John L. Sullivan Says He Is Better
. Known than Grover.
Washingtoa, Sept. 24. John L. Sul
livan while driving about town today
dropped in at the White house.' The
place was closed for repairs, so the
ex-pugilist was not admitted, although-
he explained to the"wfttchman at the
main door thA he was much better
known than he wno occupied the mansion.
THE ANNUAL ADDRESS
DELIVERED BY HON. JOHN lfLTO
- AT THE STATE FAIR
He Tells 800261111118: of thei.Organiza
tion of the Society also Its
History.
Liadies and gentlemen: The thirty
rourth Oregon State fair is now open
for your inspection, to see and exam
ine the results as here offered for
your comparison and criticism. It has
been siid that the results of ciriliza
tlon can be approximately measured
by a comparison between the furnish
ing of the camp of a wild Indian hunt
er and a modern ladies' sitting room.
A better method to meet the wants
of the majority who attend an assem
blage like this for purposes of inspec
tion, would be, to have here speei-
: mens of the "Indian from his native
wild" with his agencies of subsistence
rod sejr-defeuse; and compare them
with the agencies now used by civil
ized num. here shown for a like pur
pose. I understand efforts have boon made
to have here such a representation of
the natice race. I hope the effort has
been successful, as no living object
could (in my judgment) be shewn here
more impressively instructive than
would be a native woman, dressed (as.
I have seen hundreds of them) in gar
ments of their own fabrication, chiefly
from the inner bark of the cedar
tree. It is doubtful if such a repre
ntation can now be secured, as the
native race quickly and eagerly adopt-
id the white man's woven fabrics and
uneducated man soon forgets past
fashions. The native fruits of Ore
gon, I understand, will to some ex
tent, be on exhibition; and a com
parison between them and the pro
ducts of settled agriculture in the
pomological division will be instruc
tive, a measure in that line between
the conditions of savage and civilized
life. The Indian and his family as
improved by fifty years' example of
tnd by his white neighbor is here
md in his dress and equipments he is
i'ar in advance of what we have reason
to believe the condition of the English
igriculturist was r00 years after the
battle of Hastings. Indeed, his con
dition and that of his family indicate
l self respect winch ought to scure
him the respect of others; and a wel
jome here from every generous mind
l am speaking to ladies, who are
Iressed as well as her majesty. Vie
torla, 'queen of Great Britain, and
Empress of India, needs o be; though
she is the honored head of a nation
which is the mother of nations, a na
tion wh!eh is in itself an exhibition
f the results of 2,000 years of upward
struggle from the savage to the civil
ized life. I am speaking to ladles
vhose mothers and grandmothers;
;iye, to some who with their own eyes
have seen the womanhood of the na
tive race the chief beasts of burden
!n this beautiful Willamette valley. I
m speaking to men, any one of whom
would deem it an honor to have a just
L-laim of descent from either Lewis
r Clark who at the behest of Pres
ident , Jefferson explored this grand
valley of the Columbia ninety years
igo, and found the supply of food so
.scant and precarious, that they fre
quently resorted to the purchase of
dogs from the natives, -is a means of
- tibsistence during their great enter
prise I make these allusions to give
mphasis to the statements that it is
to settled agriculture that we owe
the changed condition of life now as
oinpaivd with what it was even
eighty years ago: when strong ener
getic men perished from want, where
iow is food to feed millions.
The origin of annual fairs reaches
back beyond written history. Doubt
less beginning with, if not antedating
settled agriculture; and must have
1011 amongst the earliest means of
distributing its products as well as of
disseminating means ot its improve
ment. At all events, local fairs have
been active agencies in support of
settled agriculture amongst the an
cestry of this assemblage, from time
immemorial: ami are yet so much in
public favor, that we have neighbor
hood fairs, county fairs, district fairs,
state fairs, interstate, national and in
ternaticn fairs, as next to the school,
the generally conceded best means o
fundamental human advancement and
comparison.
This is the thirty-fourth Oregon
state fair, it may therefore not be a
waste ol" time to briefly glance at the
origin of agriculture in this fair land.
In 182 1 Dr. John McLaughlin was
apiHiiuted chief factor of the Hudso.i
Bay company in tlte valley of th
then "fair Columbia." Its chief jiort
was theu Fort George (Astoria). He
resolved to change it to the north bank
of the Columbia 100 miles inland. He
called the post Vancouver (now the
;iry) and adopted agriculture as a
local support to his fur trade; it hav
ing proved a great advantage to the
"Hudson Bay Co., in its contests east
f the Rockies with its great rival,
the Northwest Fur company. He
moved the twenty-seven head of cattle
of all ages the company then owned
from Fort George to Vancouver in
182.", and planttnl peas and potatoes
the same year. He received this year
also, from York Fortny, Hudson Bay,
one bushel each of wheat, oats, bar
ley and corn, and one quart of tim
othy seed, all of which were planted
in 1S2. The results of this beginning
were, that iu 1823 the company ceased
to import flour for the use of its em
ployees. He Induced the leginning of
settlement in Oregon by advising one
of the retiring French Canadian en
gagees of the company to settle as a
farmer in the Willamette valley gave
him one quart of wheat for seed and
loaned him two cows to furnish his
family milk and two steers to be used
as team, such were the very beginnings
of agriculture here. This great and
good man continued to encourage
other retiring servants of the company
in the same way and adopted the same
liberal policy towards the free Amer
ican trappers who left the hunter's
life and adopted farming as a means
of subsistence. He was equally gen
erous to the first Missourians: for be
sides furnishing them the use of horses
and boats to get to their chosen loca
tion, near this city of their planting,
he furnished them seven oxen to do
their heavy hauling and eight milch
cows In place of the two cows Dr.
Lee had brought across the plains
and left at Walla Walla.
Settled farming thus begun sup
ported a population of 500, consisting
of sixty Canadians with native wives
and halfbreed families, and sixty-five
American families in 1841. There were
120 farms, producing 35.000 bushels
of wheat and a due proportion of oats.
barley, peas and potatoes. There was
then In the country 3,000 head of cat
tle and 500 head of horses, besides an
uncounted numbed of hogs. The cat
tle were owned mostly by the Hud
son Bay Co, and the Methodist Mis
sion, but by the second cattle drive
from California In 1842, 1,250 head of
cattle, 000 bead of horses, mares and
mules, and 3,000 bead of sheep were
added to the pastural wealth of per
sonal ownership. To protect this
property from the destructive ravages
of wolves and panthers the historical
wolf meeting" was called; which m
addition to effecting the object of its
call, appointed a committee which
succeeded after the failure or previous
attempts in formulating a form of
civil government from which shortly
grew the provisional government of
Oregon that in a few short years took
the government of Oregon from the
hands of the great and good Mc-
Glaughlin who as chief factor of the
Hudson Bay Co. had been virtual au
tocratic tuler over the country for
over 20 years, and put an end to the
monopoly of the company, over cattle
and commerce.
Thus we see settled agriculture by
natural evolution becomes the mother
of civil government as well as of com
merce, manufactures and arts. Up
till the date of 1843 the law of the
strongest or most cunning, dominated
the country from the Missouri river
to the Pacific ocean; except in this
little colony planted and nourished by
Dr. McLaughlin. From this date till
184!) aided by him also the improve
ments of home building by immigra
tion across the plains was very rapid.
This was temporarily arrested by the
general rush to the gold fields of Cal
ifornia; but was soon stimulated again
by the excellent market they afforded
for Oregon produce, in 1850 fat stock
from Oregon was driven to the mines
of California and soon this state was
spoken of by the miners as "the land
of big red apples ' and it wen deserved
the title. The high prices realized for
fruit sent there, stimulated the plant
ing of orchards here and otherwise
beautifying Oregon homes. The Ore
gon Pomological society was the first
state organization connected with the
culture of the land. It held its first
exhibition at Salem, and was merged
into the Oregon State Agricultural so
ciety upon its formation in 18G0. Some
years previous to that California la
bor and capital had been turning from
mining toward pastural "and agricul
tural pursuits; and Oregon s marker.
there was rapidly diminished thereoy
The Oregon press led by the Oregon-
ian, began to advise the production of
greater quantities of wheat in order
to attract the attention of the world's
markets in Europe. Aided by im
proved harvesting machinery this was
done, and Oregon entered the foreign
grain trade. For twenty years there
after grain farming was profitable in
Western Oregon, but wool growing
and meat production, also were profit
able; and from 18(50 to 1S85 wool
growing and cattle grazing and horse
breeding were as profitable in the
eastern portion of the state as wheat
production in the Willamette valley
All this had the effect of stimulating
attention to the best lines of improved
stock, and buyers came from the ex
tremes of the state to the state fair
to purchase improved horses, cattle,
sheep and swine; this created a pub
lic spirit at the state fairs of Oregon
for the decades between 1860 and
1880, which was not surpassed, I
think, anywhere; and it filled the
country up with most lines of good
stock so completely that at this date
little encouragement exists for breed
ing, except in choice dairy cattle, pro
lific and quick maturing mutton
sheep, hogs and the best all purpose
poultry. One great interest to iarm
life is so thoroughly blighted, that it
is almost true to say the horse breed
ing interest has been struck by light
ning. Only five years ago men were
striving for the privilege of horse car
lines 111 the city of Salem. Four years
ago 2(H) head of horses were reported
as taken off the car lines of Portland
at once. The application of electric
force for business purposes lias boon
going on ever since, and the progres
sive farmer who wishes a profit on
his grain crops, even if he must com
pote with the cheap . and extensive
wheat lands of South. America and
Australia and the cheap lalxr lands of
India. Egypt and Russia, in the world's
markets, is beginning to ask for the
man who can attach electric power to
the plow. I am so firm of faith that
he is now alive that. I am quite willing
for the managers of the fair to offer
$1,000 of the horse race money for him
to appear and show that he can plow
an acre of land better, quicker and
cheaper than can be done with hors
power. There is si ill another agency
that must claim attention, as transfer
ring to the mechanic a branch of pro
duction (I may say) which up to recent
date has been the pride of the farmer
I mean the already great and increas
ing use of the bicycle in the place of
the saddle horse. It is becoming to
those who have Indoor occupations, a
means at once of saving time and tak
ing exercise. It is no spirit of fault
finding with the present management
of this a id other fairs, that impels me
to say, that to continue to offer $10,000
for trials of speed of horses, which,
(except they are excellent) will not
command in the market the cost of
their rearing, is not good use of money.
True it is a progressive people seem
attracted to contests of animal power,
but. with the introduction of the bi
cycle and the use of electric force, it
seems to me there comes questions of
public economy which ought to take
precedence of amusement. With the
dismissal of 1,000 horses from service
in Oregon, of an average weight of
1,150 pounds each, and more than that
has already been superceded, their
places can be taken, and in time will
be taken by 7,500 of mankind, to be
fed from the products of the land it
would require to furnish food for the
1,000 horses. Those who desire to see
human happiness increase and agen
cies encouraged to push back into an
indefinite future the dreaded Malthu
sian law will rejoice to See electric
force and the bicycle used as a sub
stitute for the horse. The humanity
we hope will take his place as a con
sumer will want eggs and ham for
breakfast, instead of hay and oats, so
I saj', (as I have said before on these
grounds), to society at large a hen
that can give to her progeny the pow
er to produce a dozen eggs annually
more than any other hen, has more
value to man present and prospectively
than the horse that can make a mile
10 seconds quicker than any other
horse. I do not wish to Be considered as
disparaging the horse nor be disre
spectful to the feelings of lovers of
the horse as the servant and assistant
of man. Indeed there is no sight I
shall see on these grounds to give me
more pleasure man to see repeated
here one of the contests of lady eques
trianshlp for whieh prizes used to be
offered. But this society has grown
awny from such contests; and general
society is growing away from the use
of horses. Our boys and .girls" are
growing up to scorn them, and to pre
fer the wheel, on which the boys can
even now, outrun the best horse at a
long race; and on which the girl also
loves to ride to such an extent that
unless means be taken to enforce an
upright position injurious effects to
both back and breast of some bicycle
riders Is almost sure to follow. I un
derstand myself to have been selected
to make this address in order that I
might use the opportunity thus afford
ed to- give some counsel to the present
management derived from experience i
of past management which may tend
to revive again the popular interest
which formerly made successful exhi
bitions. Gentlemen of the state board
of agriculture you have for some rea
sons I have already hinted at a much
more difficult task than had the found
ers of the Oregon State Agricultural
society. To find fault with any way,
is much easier than to find the best
way; and fiora well remembered anx
ious planning for success still hoping
for your success whether you heed
them or not, I will venture a few
words of counsel: 1st, cheapen the
means of getting into your gates to
the farmer and his family; 2d, stop
buying your exhibits from the old
orchards and the boxes of fruit and
vegetable dealers. Under the old
management a man who was
known to purchase his exhibit
was denied his premium if one
was awarded. The doubt of the
legality of the board's purchasing an
exhibit is now an injurious influence
against you and I think deters many
small farmers and fruit culturists who
ought to be here from attempting to
make an exhibit No state institu
tion ought to receive premiums. Room
should be awarded them to show
what is excellent or what is new and
promising; but as they are already In
a sense public property those having
control of them, ought to have public
spirit enough to exhibit them here for
the public good without further re
ward. Diversified farming ought to be
encouraged as much as possible and
the man of one excellent production
should be encouraged. Market gar
deners,, ought to show as a class by
themselves. Owners of herds ought
to have a breeders' prize. For a herd
of all ages and genders up to ma
turity, it ought not to be less than $200,
for the best flock of sheep not less than
$75, and no animal should be shown
for two prizes, nor charge an entree
fee In two premiums. A great mistake
has been made In regard to premiums
on sheep; they ought to be increased
rather than diminished. National .eg
islation has taken sides for the tim
against the American sheep farmer, but
the latter will be heard from again.
This brings me to the subject of leg
islation and a suggestion with refer
ence to that of our own state. For the
public good and the good of the con
victs themselves it is desirable that
some means of employing the state
prisoners should be adopted. A jute
mill has been projected and is now
abandoned. A sugar beet factory has
been suggested. While not doubting
sugar beets can be raised well in Or
egon, I will close my remarks by sug
gesting flax production as a desirable
crop for the Oregon farmer and flax
dressing as a means of employing some
at least of the prison labor. As a mere
hint of the reasons for this sugges
tion I will say that dressed flax was
worth an average of $800 per ton at
the Atlantic seaboard under the Mc
Kinley law, and expert workers ob
tained $2 per day for dressing sixty
pounds of flax daily. Much of West
ern Oregon has an excellent flax grow
ing soil and climate and the state e
eeived a first-class medal for flax fibre
at the Centennial fair of 187(5. Does
this fact not suggest the wisdom of at
least putting the flax plant on your
premium lists?
ABOUT MEN AND WOMEN.
Cliauncey Depew lost $50,000 last
ear by indorsing for friends.
Kaiser William is an expert dancer,
with a great fondness for leading ger
mans. The author of "Swe.t Marie." the
popular song, Is now receiving $2,000
a month revenue therefrom
Teresija Cadzio, the daughter of
General Garibaldi, is writing the story
f ids life in its most Intimate details.
Queen Victoria purchases almost
.very new book of note published,
and her expenditure on literature of
all sorts is over 1.200 per annum.
Mrs. William Waldorf Astor owns
the celebrated diamond comb which
was a present to Mme. de Montespan
from Louis XIV. It is wortli $100,0(HJ.
Lawton Sherman, who died at Prov
idence the other day. aged ninety
nine years, left a widow also aged
ninqgr-ninc. They had been married
seventy-eight years.
John D. Rockefeller is said to have
jiven his daughters to understand
that they are not to be great heir
esses. The bulk of his property will
go to a number of public institutions.
The smallest woman living today is
said to be Mile. Pauline of Holland
of a respectable family, who is IS
years old. weighs ten pounds and is
1 foot 9 inches tall.
Senator .German was Senator Doug
las' private secretary for some time.
md as such he accompanied Douglas
to Illinois on the occasion of the sen- 1 A. Loo in is and J. fr. Megler, and Mor
ator's historic debates with Lincoln. rison was missed before the train ar
At Lancaster, Peuu., are three sis- rived at Spokane. Every effort is
ters two hundred and eighty-three being made to trace him.
Krausse Bros.
-AT-
City Shoe Store,
ARE
Leaders in Latest Styles and Lowest Prices
FOR
BOOTS HND SH06S
YOU CAN SELECT
Ladies', Misses' and Children's Fine Shoes
And Slippers from the Finest and Best Selected Stock Ever
Brought to Town.
All Kinds of Repairing Done at Reasonable Rates.
W. W RIGHT, Manager, - - Corvallis, Oregon.
PI0NEERJ3HKERY.
COFFEE SALOON.
HODES & HALL,
Plain and Fancy Confections Ice Cream.
CIGARS::
"OUR SILVER CHAMPION," "BELMONT," GENERAL ARTHUR," an
a full line of Smokers' Articles. Come
hour of the day. .
years old. That is, Mrs. Margaret
Ewing is ninety-two, Mrs. Elizabeth
Zell ninety-four and Mrs. Martha
Morrison ninety-seven.
The Ameer of Afganistan is evi
dently not a mere ornamental ruler.
He has had built an electric light
station at Cabul, a planing mill, a
mint, an arsenal, and. among other
things, a soap factory.
Abas Pasha, the young Khedive of
Egypt, always has his mother with
him, and she outranks all his advisers.
She is said to be one of the most beau
tiful women in Egypt, in addition to
being the brainiest
Sir Henry Parker, formerly premier
of New South Wales, has become a
woman-suffragist, and is trying to
convince Australia that the "moral at
mosphere of politics will lie purified
when women go to the polls.
Emperor William of Germany uses
a rowing apparatus daily in his room
to limber np and harden his muscles.
It was constructed especially for him
,by a Berlin physician. He finds It a
great benefit to his health.
Miss Marion Gilchrist and Miss A.
Li. L. Cummings of Glasgow have the
honor of being the first ladies to take
the medical degree in Scotland. They
have just graduated from the Univer
sity of Glasgow after a seven years"
course.
A beautiful granite monument has
recently been placed over the grave
of Dr. B. F. Stephenson, the founder
of the Grand Army of the Republic,
in Roschill cemetery, near Peters
burg, 111. The monument will be un
veiled some time this fall.
The Queen of England, ho is worth
$200,000,000, probably never had a
broom or a dishcloth in her hands in
her life. But the next queen, the
Princess of Wales, when her father
had an income of $1,200 a year, had to
sew, cook, sweep and make her own
dresses.
Barthelemy St. Hilaire, the French
author and statesman, who is now
ninety, writes and corrects his proof
sheets without the use of spectacles.
He believes in the doctrine of hard
work, and says: "If you want to live
to be old be always at work and dil
igently. Do not listen to those who
aspire to save enough money to rest.
They are lazy bodies."
The daughter of Bret Harte, Miss
Jessamy Harte, is not only extremely
pretty, but is highly gifted as well
a combination the gods do not always
provide. She has marked artistic
ability, and it is the opinion of com
petent critics that she can, If she
chooses, make a brilliant name for
herself in the world of illustration.
She is described as having a sea-shell
complexion, with blue eyes set under
straight black brows.
AGRICULTURAL NOTES.
Each field is adaptpd to some sie
cial crop. Study the soil and the needs
of the crop.
If you are not able to build a first
class house to shelter your machin
ery, build a cheap one. By all means
protect machinery from the weather.
Nothing adds more to the looks of
the home than mowing down the
weeds about the outhouses, the barn
lot, and along the roadside near the
house.
To preserve the fertility of the soil,
says the National Stockman, three
methods are being practiced by our
best farmers, viz.: Rotation of crops,
application of commercial fertilizers
I and the use of barnyard manure.
T. B. Terry this year raised on an
. average 47 1-4 bushels of wheat per
f acre. Clover and tillage, he says, did
j It. No manure or fertilizers were put
011 the field. He screens and grades
his seed wheat, and sows only the
plumpest grains.
A writer thinks that the farmer who
buys nothing which he can produce,
should be on the high road to suc
cess. It is not so much the amount
of money we can get in, as it Is the
faculty of keeping the expenses down,
that makes the profit in all cases.
The work of a thoroughly progres
sive farmer, says an exchange. In
cludes not only agriculture proper,
but stock raising and horticulture.
This fact by itself is enough to show
that the farmer should be a liberally
educated man. It requires a good deal
of knowledge to handle properly all
the things that come under these
Ilea dings.
MISSED CONNECTIONS.
Astoria, Or., Sept 24.-J. R. Morri
son, a banker of Ilwaco, who was sup-,
posed to have left Portland last Mon
day evening to attend the republican
convention at Spokane, has been
missing since that time, UDd much un
easiness is felt at his disappearance.
It is thought that he has been foully
dealt with. Ho went to Portland last
Monday morning in company with L.
Proprietors.
in when hungry and get a lunch any;