THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAN, PORTLAND, FEBRUARY 9, 1919.
What Would Abraham Lincoln Do If Fie
History Records Attitude on Question of League of NationsShows Him to Have
I
HAVE not willingly planted a
thorn in any man's bosom."
None could eay so more truth
fully than Abraham Lincoln.
This, together with having preserved
the Union and freed the slaves, was his
greatest glory. For a thousand times,
when the power to strike was his and
the incentive for revenge would have
filled the bosoms of most other men
with devouring flames of wrath, he
meekly forbore, and, in lieu of chas
tisement, contented himself with ad
ministering good-natured, kindly ad
vice to the offenders.
An illustration of this was his treat
ment of Clement L. Vallandigham, who
had made a violent anti-draft speech
and whose imprisonment sentence Lin
coln commuted to transportation be
yond the military lines. Other acts of
defiance by frientls of Vallandigham
on the refusal of the President to make
effective in his behalf the writ of
habeas corpus in an area under martial
law, elicited only this characteristic
response:
Must I ahoot the elmple-minded
soldier boy who deserts, while I must
not touch a hair of a wily agitator
who induces him to desert?"
Lincoln had even offered to release
Vallandigham, who had been nominat
ed for Governor of Ohio, if the friends
who interceded for him would sign a
declaration that there was a state of
rebellion and that an army and navy
were constitutional means to suppress
it. This they refused to do. Their con
tumacy and the President's generosity
caused a revulsion of feeling in Ohio,
and Vallandigham, who had first been
regarded as a sort of martyr, was de
feated at the polls by an overwhelming
majority.
He Drank Only Water.
Prohibitionists have especial reason
to celebrate Lincoln's birthday anni
versary this year, wherein they have
scored the double victory of liquor
drouth, both by constitutional amend
ment and as a military measure. Lin
coln was a teetotaler. One of the first
uses he made of his abiltiy to write as
a boy was to prepare an argument for
temperance. This was printed in an
Indiana newspaper. To a member of
Congress he said in 1S54, in his 45th
year:
"I do not In theory, but I do in fact,
belong to the temperance society; fh
this, to-wit, that I do not drink any
thing, and have not done so for very
many years."
To the committee appointed by the
Republican National convention at
Chicago, May 16, 1860, to announce
formally to Lincoln at his home in
Springfield, 111., his nomination for
the presidency, he said:
"Gentlemen, we must pledge our mu
tual healths in the most healthy bev
erage which God has given to ii.an
It is the only beverage I have ever
used or allo-ved in my family, and I
cannot conscientiously depart from it
on the present occasion."
Government by the People.
Appropriate likewise is the celebra
tion of his natal anniversary at a time
when the great peace conference is sit
ting to devise means for a league of
all nations and the insuring of free
dom to all mankind. Union and free
dom were the guiding stars in Lin
coln's life. For this reason he made
the Constitution of the United States
his chart and the Declaration of Inde
pendence his compass from the time he
was first able to comprehend their
meaning.
In a speech In 1858, when he was
running for the United States Senate
against Stephen A. Douglas, the Demo
cratic candidate, he said:
"This (the Declaration of Independ
ence) was their lofty and noble and
wise understanding of the justice of
the Creator to his creatures to all
his creatures, to the v.-hole great fam
ily of man. In their enlightened belief
nothing stamped with the divine image
was sent into the world to be trod
den on and degraded a.id imbruted by
its fellows. They grasped not only the
whole race of men then living, but
they reached forward and seized upon
the remotest posterity So
that no man should hereafter dare to
limit and circumscribe the great prin
ciples upon which the temple of liberty
was built."
And again, years afterward, when
General Lee had been defeated at Get
tysburg, in July, 1S63, and in Novem
ber that battlefield was dedicated as a !
solders cemetery, Lincoln said:
"Fourscore and seven years ago our
fathers brought forth on this continent
a new Nation, conceived in liberty
and dedicated to the proposition that
all men are created equal. Now we
are engaged in a great civil war, test
ing whether that Nation, or any nation
eo conceived and so dedicated, can long
endure.
"We are met on a great battlefield
of that war. We have come to dedi
cate a portion of that field as a final
resting place for those who here gave
their lives that that Nation might live.
It is altogether fitting and proper that
we should do this.
"But in a larger sense we cannot
dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we can
not hallow, this ground. The brave
men, living and dead, who strusrarled
here have consecrated it far above our 1
poor power to add or detract. The
world will little note nor long remem
ber what we say here, but it can never
forget what they did here.
"It is for us, the living, rather to be
dedicated here to the unfinished work
which they who fought here have thn ;
far so nobly advanced. It is rather quick action of Sheriff Wheeler, whose
for us to be here dedicated to the great l'fe blends all the romances Of the
task remaining before us that from I passing "Wild West."
these honored dead we take increased I Bisbee, Ariz., a center of the world's
devotion to that cause for which they I copper industry, became at once a cen
gave the last full measure of devotion ter of the world's attention, and Sheriff
that we here highly resolve that j Harry C. Wheeler, the leader who
these dead shall not have died in vain; planned and directed this "posse," be
that this Nation, under God, shall have ' came a National character; or rather
a new birth of freedom, and that gov
ernment of the people, by the people,
for the people, shall not perish from
the earth."
In this noble speech Lincoln was
mistaken only in his belief that the
woria would little note nor long re
member" what he said on that occasion.
Of this speech may be said what Ham
let said of the entreaty of his father's
ghost to be remembered:
. Remember three!
Ay, ,thou poor ghost, while memory holds
a seat
In this distracted globe. Remember thee!
Tea, from the table of my memory
I'll wipe away ail trivial fond records.
All saws of books, all forms, all pressures
Past,
That youth and observation copied there;
And thy commandment all alone snail live
Within the book and volume of my brain.
Unmixed with baser matter; yes, by heaven!
His Letters Among the Classics.
School teachers had but little" to do
with Lincoln's training. All told he
attended school less than a year in all
his life. And yet many of his speeches
are ranked as among the most treas
ured classics of our language, and be
neath a letter of his, preserved in one
of the colleges at Oxford, the-authorities
of that institution have appended
the comment, "One of the purest speci
mens of pure English extant." TRe
letter is as follows:
"Dear Madam: I have been shown
In the files of the War Department a
statement of the Adjutant-General of
Massachusetts that you are the mother
of five pons who have died gloriously
on the field of battle. I feel how weak
and fruitless must be any words of
mine which should attempt to beguile
you from the gTief of a loss so over
whelming. But I cannot refrain from
tendering to you the consolation that
may be found in the thanks of the
republic they died to save. I pray that
the Heavenly Father may assuage the
anguish of your bereavement and leave
you only the cherished .memory of the
loved and lost, and the solemn pride
that must be yours to have laid so
costly a sacrifice upon the altar of
freedom.
"Yours very sincerely and respect
fully. "ABRAHAM LINCOLN."
And of his second inaugural address,
delivered March 4, 1865, the London
Spectator declared: "We cannot read
it without a renewed conviction that
it is the noblest political document
known to history. . . . Surely none
was ever written under a stronger
sense of the reality of God's govern
ment. And certainly none, written in
a period of passionate conflict, ever so
completely excluded the partiality of
victorious faction and breathed so pure
a strain of mingled Justice and mercy."
Here is the concluding portion of this
address:
' Fondly do we hope, fervently do we
pray, that the mighty scourge of war
may pass away. Yet If God wills that
it continue until all the wealth piled
by the bondsman's 250 years of un
requited toil shall be sunk and until
every drop of blood drawn with the
lash shall be paid by another drawn by
the sword, as was said 3000 years ago.
so still it must be said 'the Judgments
of the Lord are true and righteous al
together.' With malice toward none,
with charity to all, with firmness In the
right, let us strive as God gives us to
see the right; let us strive on to finish
the work we are in, to bind up the
Nation's wounds, to care for hint who
Khali have borne the battle, and for
his widow and his orphan, to do all
which may achieve and cherish a just
and lasting peace among ourselves with
ail nations."
Some Sidelights on His Life.
Many have asked the question how
one who had received no more school
ing than could be crowded into less
than a year could attain to such high
excellence in oratory and literature.
He needed no teacher other than the
inspiring light of his own genius,
which showed him how to make the
most fruitful use of whatever books
chance brought to his hand. His
mother, Nancy Hanks, a woman of far
higher intelligence than is ordinarily
found in the lowly sphere in which the
Lincoln family moved, taught him to
form the letters of the alphabet. Much
beyond this her store of learning did
not go. but it sufficed in Abraham's
case to unlock to him the treasures of
the Bible, Aesop's Fables, Robinson
Crusoe, Pilgrim's Progress. History of
the United States and Weens' Life of
Washington.
His first reading of these volumes
was prompted by curiosity to know the
"stories" they contained. They so im
pressed young Abraham's mind that he
wanted to tell the whole world about
the interesting things he had "discov
ered." He found it hard to express
himself in as interesting a manner as
the authors had expressed themselves
to him; so he went at the books again
and again, rereading them until he had
well-nigh committed them to memory.
Not only that; like the ancient Greek
Demosthenes, the greatest of all ora
tors, who transcribed Thucydides'
many-volumed history, Lincoln, too,
transcribed a great 'deal of what he
read. Judging from results it will not
be amiss, for the benefit of ambitious
youngsters of today, to outline Just
about how this young embryonic Pres
ident proceeded in his self-imposed-task
of garnering the wealth of thought
which he found in the books.
He would read a paragraph, then
think it over, and, after having mas
tered the Ideas contained in it, he
would write down these ideas in his
ownwords. Then he would go on to
the next paragraph and repeat this op
eration, and so on and on. until he felt
he had done enough mental harvesting
for the day.
Many a word which the boy en
countered in his readings was, of
course, unintelligible to him. He had
no unabridged dictionary in those early
years .of his life to aid him in getting
ARIZONA RANGER, WHO FOUGHT
I. W. W., WAGES WAR ON HUNS
Captain Wheeler One of First Young Men to Enroll in Regular Army
for Spanish-American War.
0
XE day in July, 1918, the country
was astounded to read of the de
portation from Bisbee, Ariz., of
more than 1200 men, I. W. W. and al
leged sympathizers, whose tactics were
beginning to display its insidiousness
against our preparations for Germany.
At 4 o'clock in the morning a "posse
comitatus" of several hundred men,
thoroughly prepared and instructed,
combed the town and within a few
hours, without a shot being fired, 1200
men were bundled into trains and later
interned by the United States Army
in a stockade at Columbus, N. M.
Thus at one well-executed stroke.
I. W. W.ism" was dealt a deathblow
ln that region, the mines were kept in
operation, millions pf pounds of cop
per a most vital munition are
monthly supplied to our allies. German
propaganda has been crushed and the
Kaiser has learned he can expect no
help from that part of the world, all
through the courage, fearlessness and
an international character, ror today
he is Captain Wheeler, A.. E. F-, some
where in France.
In the Spanish-American War
Wheeler, then- a young man. was one of
the first to volunteer in the Regular
Army. After that campaign he was
stationed at Fort Grant, a western post,
where an accident occurred to him that
changed his entire life. One day while
taming an unmanageable horse that no
one else would handle, the young sol
dier was kicked and so severely In
jured that after a long spell in the
hospital he was discharged from the
service.
This was a heart-breaking blow to
the young man who had been raised
in the Army. But thus in early man
hood to have a life's career dashed
away only caused him to grit his teeth
and push on to the Arizona territory
on the open frontier, to start life anew.
In those days "law and order" in the
open country was not what it is today.
The vast territory of Arizona, almost
three times the area of New York
State, held fewer people than a. suburb
of Philadelphia. Mining towns were
running "wide open"; cowpuncbers,
miners, sheep herders, prospectors, pro
moters and the ever-present Mexican
made up a picturesque, though some
what lawless, crowd.
Accordingly, the Arizona Rangers
were organized to police the entire
territory, much on the order of the
Canadian Northwest mounted police.
The rangers were the hardiest, most
fearless, most adventurous type known.
Their horses, their canteens of water.
X
4
r
at their meaning, their derlvaton or
their pronunciation; and, so he was left
to get, from the context, such meaning
of these words as "common sense"
suggested. But. if the correct usage
of words in the writings of his mature
years is any criterion, he must have
done what other great minds have done
and will ever continue to do in such a
contingency, namely. Jotted down upon
a piece of paper every word of unfa
miliar import and either looked up its
definition as soon as opportunity of
fered, or else asked somebody qualified
to know to tell him its meaning. And
as soon thereafter as possible he would
use these words either in. his conversa
tion or writing.
Nancy Hanks Lincoln died In 1818,
when Abraham was 9 years old. A
their six-shooters were their constant
companions as they went over the vast
domain, winning the empire to law,
order and justice, striking terror to
the hearts of the brigands, and even, if
necessary, giving "the supreme sacri
fice." It was but natural that Wheeler
should be attracted to this service, for
which he was so fitted; and It was but
natural that he should soon rise to be
lieutenant of this hardy organization.
When Captain W. Ranning resigned
his commission as chief of the Arizona
Rangers the position was tendered to
Wheeler, thus awardins him the great
est compliment that bravery could be
given. Now, being in full charge of
the vast territory, he became ever an
object to be shunned by evildoers.
One warm evening a certain man
rode into an Arizona town. Dismount
ing before a "wide-open" saloon, he
tossed the reins over the pony's- head,
and glancing up and down the street,
swiftly entered the "wet-goods" insti
tute. Bang! bang! bang! flashed his grun,
as he ordered everybody to throw up
their hands. "Quick, every one of
you!"
Around the assembled gang "the col
lection" began to be taken up.
Captain Wheeler had a short thne
before arrived in the town after a long
ride across the desert. He was un
saddling his horse when he heard the
shots, and his quick mind scented trou
ble. In a moment he was at the saloon
door. As he started to enter a friend
stopped him. "Don't go in there,
Harry," warned the good-lntentioned
friend, "there's a hold-up man in there
and he means business."
Wheeler's face became rigid. "I mean
business, too," was the laconic reply.
"That's what I'm here for."
Without the least hesitation Wheeler
entered to what might be sure death.
But his duty as a Ranger was clear
to him. As he opened the door the
desperado instantly recognized the
well-known figure of the ranger, whom
he had thought was miles away. He
had several scores to settle with the
captain, so when the hated figure was
silhoueted on the threshold he fired
pointblank.
Again two revolvers barked at once:
again Captain Wheeler cut a notch on
his six-shooter.
A short time before statehood was
granted Arizona the rangers were dis
banded, the police duty being turned
over to the counties. Wheeler then
became Sheriff of Cochise County, three
time elected.
Agitators came, doing their usual
stunts. They found fertile fields
among the ignorant to sow their in
sidious propaganda, but in reaping the
crop they sowed they had to take into
consideration the ever-watchful, cour
ageous Sheriff.
When the war was declared Upon
Germany the outlawed L W. W. started
f '?V - "t 'tW SAUV flWVhvM
f : "V:.:. x -alSnlP
VV2
ABRAHAM LINCOLN
year or bo later his father, Thomas Lin
coln, married again, this time a widow,
Mrs. Sally Bush Johnston, who had
been his flame before he had met
Nancy Hanks. Fortunately, the step
mother proved to be kind-hearted and
motherly, and it was her insistence
which obtained from her utterly illit
erate husband permission for his young
son to indulge the fondness for read
ing. The elder Lincoln regarded every
minute spent over books a waste of
time, and until his new wife's inter
cession he had made it almost impos
sible for the boy to do any reading ex
cept by stealth.
Later, alien Abraham was drawing
toward the close of his teens, he ob
tained from Major John T. Stuart, a
lawyer, a copy of Blackstone's Com
activity throughout the Southwest.
They chose Arizona for their nefarious
work, hoping to tie up the enormous
copper industry. "I. W. W.ism" was
spreading its poisonous fangs into all
parts and sections and was surely
bringing disaster upon the Nation.
With nerve and courage Wheeler
looked at this new situation. With
fearless dispatch he made up a plan
to rid forever the country of this
menace. The L W. W. realized there
was no law to touch them and they
felt secure. Until some definite act
pointed directly to them they could
carry on their disloyalty to America.
Wheeler, however, did .not wait for
that disastrous act to be committed.
He organized the citizens of the com
munity Into a "posse comitatus." gave
them complete idstructions and at a
certain hour, under his direction, gath
ered together the I. W. W. and their
alleged sympathizers and drove them
nearly 1200 forever from the county.
This blow has done more to carry
terror to. "I. W. W.ism" than anything
else. From then on the copper mines
of Cochise County have never been idle
one day. And withal not a man can be
found even among those he has had
"professional" relations with, but who
will credit Wheeler with being always
"square."
When the declaration of war was
passed Governor Campbell called for a
volunteer regiment to offer to the Nation-
Sheriff Wheeler was chosen as
one of the officers. When the War
Department decided not to accept vol
unteer units. Vfheeler entered the first
officers' training camp at San Fran
cisco. Being retiring, quiet and totally
unassuming, ln the general rush of
WHEN LINCOLN FAILED TO
REACH THE BATTLEFIELD
IT MAT be consolatory news to the
soldiers who didn't get overseas and
were disappointed because they didn't
to think that Abraham Lincoln tried
to fight for his country once as a
private in the ranks, only to find that
the fight was over before he bad had a
chance to fire a gun at the enemy. The
hardships were his, but the military
glory was not. It was In 1832 when
Black Hawk, chief of the Sac and Fox
Indians, made war on the forts and set
tlers in northern Illinois and Wlscon
Binsin. Lincoln, twenty-four years old,
enlisted in a volunteer company of
mounted rangers. In the same war
Zachary Taylor, afterward
was commandant at Fort
Prairie du Chien. Wisconsin
him, as lieutenant, was
President,
Crawford,
and under
Jefferson
Davis.
The war was over and Chief Black
Hawk brought captive to Fort Craw
ford before Lincoln had seen any ac
tual fighting, yet on the march and In
camp he had made himself so popular
with his comrades that soon after his
return to New Salem, Illinois, his
townsmen nominated him for the leg
islature. In later years when Zachary Taylor
was a candidate for President and ex
travagant claims for military honors
were set up by the Democratic candi
date. General Lewis Cass, Lincoln, then
in Congress and an ardent supporter of
Were Alive at Present Time?
Been Teetotaler And He Had Short Shrift for Bolsheviki
. lap
VH MV !.'aM'. i' . -i
mentaries: and as the major's office
was in New Salem and Abraham's pa
rental log-cabin home 20-odd miles
away, he walked that distance to ob
tain this four-volume work and a
"Chitty on Contracts," which the ac
commodating lawyer had also recom
mended, as well as a grammar.
And the method of reading which
had stood him in such good stead in
regard to the other books he now pur
sued with these. And still later he en
riched his ever-expanding mind in tne
same manner with the poetry of Burns
and, above all, of Shakespeare. "Ham
let" became his especial favorite.
When the Black Hawk War broke
out. in 1832. Lincoln, then 23. had just
begun to plan a campaign to get him
self into the Illinois Legislature. He
that first camp, he was so far over
looked as to be turned down at the
start.
Nothing daunted, he tried again, this
time having an opportunity to demon
strate his qualities of leadership. He
was soon recognized, won a Captain's
commission and left with the Rainbow
Division.
After the famous deportation, while
Wheeler was in France with the first
troops to fight on French soil, the L
W. W. and their alleged sympathisers
took legal action against the members
of "the posse." with the result that
more than 100 citizens of Elsbee were
Indicted for this action. Some of the
most prominent men in the Southwest
were included in this Indictment, by
which the I. W. W. and their alleged
friends sought retaliation.
Therl it was that Wheeler did break
into print and the following is his
cablegram from the battlefields of
France to the citizens of Arizona:
"American Expeditionary Force.
Somewhere ln France: Wish my friends
to know am anxious to protect thenn by
again assuming all responsibility for
deportation. Would do same thing over
again under same circumstances. No
traitors or L W. W. sympathizers over
here, only American soldiers. My
country needs me here, but when I can
be spared. If still alive, you will find
me ready to go home and stand with
my friends and fellow Americana to
undergo any tribulations the poli
ticians, I. W. W. sympathizers and
other traitors can inflict. The eagles
feel only contempt for these vultures at
home, but do not fear them.
"CAPTAIN HARRT WHEELER."
General Taylor, ridiculed Cass's pre
tensions to soldier fame In a speech
before the House and alluded to his
own military career ln the Black Hawk
war In this way:
"By the way. Mr. Speaker, did you
know I am a military heroT Yes, sir. In
the days of the Black Hawk war I
fought, bled and came away. Speaking
of General Cass's career reminds me of
my own. I was not at Stlllman's defeat,
but I was about as near it as Cass was
to Hull's surrender, and like him I saw
the place very soon afterward. It is
quite certain I did not break my sword,
for I had none to break, but I bent my
musket by accident. If General Cass
went In advance of me In picking
whortleberries, I guess I surpassed him
ln charging on the wild onions. If he
aw any live, fighting Indians, it was
more than I did; but I had a good many
bloody struggles with the mosquitoes,
and although I never fainted f or loss
of blood, I can truly say I was often
very hungry."
Lincoln was given a quarter section
of wild land down in Iowa for his ser
vice as a soldier. A comrade In the
ranks was John T. Stuart, who took Mr.
Lincoln into law partnership with him.
The Lieutenant. Robert Anderson, who
mustered Lincoln into service was the
Major Anderson who commanded Fort
Sumter when it was fired on In 'CI. At
an Interview with President Lincoln.
i after the evacuation of Sumter, Major
had. by that time, "seen a good deal
of the world" In the way of two event
ful trips by river on a raft to New Or
leans: and. being 6 feet 4 and a verit
able Hercules in strength. he was
easily the leader among the sturdy
backwoodsmen of the younger genera
tion in his section of Illinois. Therefore,
when Black Hawk, the old chief of the
Sac Indians, led 600 mounted warriors
across the Mississippi, in defiance of
his solemn agreement, the friends of
Lincoln chose him their captain; and so.
instead of laying down laws, he took
up arms In behalf of his constituents.
The only qualifications which those
who chose him captain considered nec
essary were his popularity and good
nature.
Years afterward, when he fpoke of
this period, he said: "Once, when I was
crossing a field with a front of 20
men I could not for the life of me re
member the proper word of command
company endwise In order to pass
through the gate. So when we came
near the opening in the fence I
shouted. "This company is dismissed for
two minutes, when It will fall in again
on the other side of the fe ...e."
Often Lincoln had distinguished him
self in feats of strength. once by
throwing a brutal bully 12 feet, thereby
reducing a gang of ruffians, of whom
the bully was leader, to a sense of or
der and civility. And now again in
camp, during the Spring and Summer
of 1812, the lanky young captain won
laurels as a wrestler. The champion
wrestler of Southern Illinois chal
lenged him, and Lincoln, who had been
used to tote around loads of half a
ton, now found it comparatively easy
to throw the champion flat upon his
back upon the turf
Proof of HI Americanism.
Once the Know Nothings tried to in
terest him in their brand of American
Ism. In a letter to a very dear friend.
Joshua F. Speed, in August. 1855, he
satd :
"You inquire where I now stand.
That is a disputed point. I think I am a
Whig, but others say there are no
Whiss and that I am an Abolitionist.
When I was In Washington I voted for
the Wilmot proviso (against the ex
tension of slavery) as good as 40 times,
and I never heard of anyone attempting
to unwhig me for that. I now do no
more than oppose the extension of
slavery. I am not a Know Nothing;
that is certain. How could I be? How
can anyone who abhors the oppression
of negroes be In favor of deicradir.g
classes of white people? Our progress
in degeneracy appears to me to be
pretty rapid. As a Nation we began
by declaring that 'all men are created
equal.' We now practically read it. 'all
men are created equal but negroes.'
When the Know Nothings get control it
will read,' 'all men are created eiiu:xl
except negroes and foreigners ami
Catholics." When It comes to this I
shall prefer emigrating to some other
country where they make no pretense of
loving liberty."
Karly Tragedy la III" I.lfr.
Lincoln in 1834 had been elected to
the Legislature of Illinois. He lived at
New Salem as a boarder In the log
tavern of James Rutledge. His host
had nine children, of whom Anne was
one of the belles of the town. She was
a rosy-cheeked, beautiful girl and had
Innumerable admirers. But of all these
none was so deeply, so madly in love
as the young legislator, Lincoln. And
she reciprocated the flame. In August,
1835, Anne contracted a cold and soon
she was so ill that hope of recovery
was abandoned. Alone with her, while
the Angel of Death was hovering near,
Lincoln was overwhelmed with sorrow;
and when his beloved had breathed her
last he came forth from that rhamhor
of death an vtterly changed man. He
was plunged into a melancholia which,
as he afterward said, made him so dis
trustful of himself that he did n t dare
carry a pocket knife about while this
heavy mood was on him. A friend kept
constant surveillance over him for sev
eral weeks, until the pall of grief had
lifted sufficiently to enable him to re
cover his equilibrium. Nevertheless, it
is believed that the profound spells of
melancholy which alternated with his
merry outbursts throughout the rest of
his life were the result of this early
period of heart tragedy.
In 1839 he again fell In love, this
Anderson was surprised when asked by
the President, "Major, do you ever re
member meeting me b?fore?" To An
derson's admission that he had no such
recollection Lincoln replied: "My mem
ory is better than yours. You mustered
me into the service of the United States
in 1832 at Dixon's Ferry in the Black
Hawk war."
Soldier Witnesses Wild Out
burst When Wilson Arrives.
Chorea Bella, Cannon, Rombi and
Airplanes Give Welcome In London.
( IT WAS a member of the honor guard
X that received President Wilsoi
when he arrived in London on Boxing
day, December 26," proudly writes
Florian Sauer, Marine, in a letter to
his sister, Elnora Sauer. of Portland.
Florian is a son or llr. and Mrs. John
Sauer, of Grants Pass, Or., where he
formerly resided.
"Aa the President and King George
came out of Charing Cross station."
the letter continues, "I was so close
to them that I could easily have
touched them. When the President
arrived a mllion people cheered, church
bells rang, cannon boomed, bands
played and several airplanes buzzed
overhead. Before he arrived there was
a great deal of speculation as to how
the English people would receive him.
but they could not have given him a
warmer reception. There was one con
tinual round of cheering from the time
he left Charing Cross station until he
arrived at Buckingham Palace, a dis
tance of two miles. There were five
carriages, and President Wilson and
King George rode in the first one.
Fifty of us Marines foHowed behind the
last carriage. We were followed by
100 doughboys and they were followed
by 80 sailore. It was a difficult task
keeping step while so many people
were cheering. Most of the people
were yelling 'Tanks' and 'Sammies,'
but now and then I could hear someone
yell 'Jyreens.' 'Leathernecks' and
"doughboys." When we arrived at the
palace the mob yelled 'speech.' so Mr.
Wilson came out on the balcony and
thanked them for the hearty welcome.
"Saturday morning we had to go to
the Buckingham Palace gate to keep
the throng away, so that the President
could go to the embassy. He also had
IS Marines at the embassy to look after
his welfare. At 3:15 P. M. President
Wilson returned to the palace and the
mob dispersed, then we marched back
to headquarters. It's an awful strain
on one's nerves to stand at attention
as long-as we did on Saturday, but no
one grumbled because we had a good
chance to see the President."
BOLSHEVIKI KILL BISHOP
Kubfcian Prelate Is Tortured and
Murdered.
VLADIVOSTOK. (Correspondence of
the Associated Press.) Bishop llcrmo
gen. of Tobolsk, was tortured and mur
dered by BolKhevlki. according to a pri
vate letter received here. Since, the
early days of Bolshevism the bishop
time with M:ry Todd, an accomplished,
prepossessing, refined girl, nine yenrs
Lincoln's Junior. She accepted his pro
posal md the wedding day was set frr
January 1. 1541. Hut. somehow, the
bashful briilearoom-to-be failed to pro
sent himself on time, while the bri.ie.
Hie guests and the minister were in
waiting. The bride broke off the en
gagement, and oi. January 23 Lincoln
wrote to Major Stuart, who had become
his law partner and who was then in
Congress: 'If what I feel were equally
oisinouted to the whole h-iiiian family
there would be not one cheerful facu
on earth."
Late in 1842 a mutual frlotid suc
ceeded in mollifying Miss Todd and
Mowing the smoldering embers of loe
into a fresh glow. Tuo "entente c-or-dialo"
was completely restored by :in
escapade which had in it enough of the
aspect of impending tragedy to m.-ike
Lincoln loom as a hero in the eyes of
the young woman. Sh and Linenln
had contributed to tho Sar.gamon Jour
nal articles which placed' an irritable
young politician. James Shields, in ;v
ludicrous l.ght. He resented thil and
challenged Lincoln to a duel. In ac
cepting It Lincoln chose as weapons
"cavalry broadswords of the larcest
slzo." Shields was a man of slicht
build ns compared with tho "six-foot-four"
Lincoln, and a sword of the size
specified would have been a hindranio
rather than a help to hin. in a duel.
Just before the meeting Lincoln
brought the affair to a planant ter
mination by apologizing. In after
years he used to say that he was more
ashamed of this affair than of almost
anything else he had ever done. An
Army officer during the Civil War
asked Lincoln if he had really accepted
a challenge.
"I don't dny it." replied the Presi
dent, "but if you desire my friendship
you will never mention the circum
stance again."
l.at Work on Reconstruction.
Lincoln was assassinated on the even
ing of April 14, 1S65, just after ho
had laughed heartily over a droll situ
ation in the comedy of "Our Yankeo
Cousin" at Ford's Theater, Washington.
Wilkes Booth, an actor, had gained
access to the bo where President and
Mrs. Lincoln and their guests were sit
ting and fired the shot which ended
one of the noblest lives in all history.
Ten days before that Lincoln h..U
visited Richmond, Va., the capital ot
the confederate states, shortly after
General Lee evacuated the city to sur
render to General Grant. And it was
just ten days after Lincoln's murder
that the war was decisively terminated
by the surrender of General Johnston
to General Sherman.
Lincoln's last public address was
made at Washington on April 11. It
was devoted chiefly to the ouestion
of the reconstruction of the loyal jtov
ernnients in the conquered slates.
He had often Incurred the anger of
the Secretary of War and the Generals
in the field by granting pardon even
in cases where the ueath of offending
soldiers was declared to be essential
for discipline. His kindness of heart,
rebelled at anything like deliberate
killing. Nor was he lend, r only to the
men in blue. Those in gray were
scarcely less the objects of Ins sol.ci
tude. His great heart b--.it for them in
their distress with a fatherly affec
tion, like another Da i.l over another
Absalom. The following incident il
lustrates tins:
Dr. Jerome Walker, of Brooklyn.
X. Y.. had been taking the President
through the wards of the hospital at
City Point. After visiting the wards
filled with convalescing Union soldiers
they came to three wards occupied by
wounded Southern prisoners. With
feeliug of patriotic xeal I -r. Walker
said: "I don't suppose you want to
in there. Mr. President; they're only
rebels."
Lincoln stopped and. gently laying
liis hand upon the surgeon's shoulder,
said, "You mean Confederates."
And he went through those wards
and lr. Walker afterward said: "For
aught I could see, he was ju.-l as kind,
his handshakings Just as hearty, his
interest for the welfare of the nun
just as re-., as when he was among
our own soldiers."
"Now he belongs to the aces." said
Secretary of War Stanton when, tho
morning after the shooting, Lincoln
breathed his last.
had fearlessly denounced their work
and for this was forbidden to preach.
The aged churchman defied the Bol
sheviki and ln his preachings displaxed
greater energy than ever in condemn
ing the Soviet authorities. The ISolshe
viki arrested him and took him to
Ekaterinburg. Thereupon the popula
tion of Tobolsk Province, who greatly
revered their old bishop, sent a deleg-
tion to demand hi3 liberation.
The Czecho-Slo'vaks at that time be
gan to occupy Western Siberia and tho
Bolsheviki feared to provoke the peas
ants of Tobolsk. They released tho
bishop and started him back to Tobolsk
under escort of Red Guard troops. A
steamer was provided and the delega
tion, headed by the bishop, proceeded
triumphantly as far as Pakrovsk vil
lage. Here they met a steamer carry
ing the Csecho-Slovaks or Whito
Guards. Rather than have the bishop
liberated by them the Red Guards de
cided to kill him. The old man was
beaten and forced to carry heavy bur
dens of ammunition during the flight
of the convoy. When he could go no
further, says the informant, his tor
turers tied a rock to his feet and threw
him into the river.
The body was recovered later by hi
people and given burial in Tobolsk.
Mrs. V. E. Guest, the American wifa
of a British Army officer, has been ap
pointed a member of a committee to
determine the taxes on feminine lux
uries In Ensrland.
Simple Way to
End Dandruff
There Is one sure way that has never
failed to remove dandruff at once, and
that is to dissolve it, then you destroy It
entirely. To do this. Just get abouf four
ounces of plain, common liquid arvon
from any drugstore (this Is all you will
need), apply it at night when retiring;
use enough, to moisten the scalp and rul
it in gently with the finger tirs.
By morning most. If not all. of your
dandruff will be gone, and three or four
more applications will completely dis
solve and entirely destroy every slntrlo
sign and trace of it. no mailer how
much dandruff you may have.
You will find ell itching and digging
of the scalp will Mop instantly, and
your hair will be fluffy, lustrous,
glossy, silky and soft, and look and leel
a hundred times better. Adv.
A Single Application
Banishes Every Hair
(The Modern Beauty)
Here Is how any woman can easily
and quickly remove objectionable, hairy
growths without possible Injury to th
xkin: Make a paste with some powdered
delatono and water, apply to hairy sur
face ami after 2 or 3 minutes rub off.
wash the skin and the hairs are p"""
This is a painless, inexpensive method
and. excepting where the growth Is un
usually thick, a single application i.s
enough. Ton should, however, be care
ful to get genuine delatone. Adv.