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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Jan. 26, 1919)
mis! FSections Xtft '1 it t i't 1 VOL. XXXVIII NO. 4. PORTLAND. OKECiON. Y MORNING, JAM ARY 26, 1919. PRICE FIVE CENTS. LEAGUE OF NATIONS PROJECT ADOPTED IRRIDESCENT DREAM MAY BE FUTURE FACT WILSON CALLS FOR LERGUEOF JUSTICE .V JUSTICE ; IS HELD DEFECTIVE BOLSHEVIK! FORCE ALLIES TO RETREAT RUSSIAN BOLSHEVIST LEADERS ESTRANGED 5 SENATOR HITCHCOCK PREDICTS AMERICAS IDEALS WILL RULE. JUDGE ADVOCATE-GEN ER All FA ORS REVISION. BREAK BETWEEN LENINE AM TROTZKY REPORTED. MDLEWORKINGMEN 1 MENACE GERMANY World Peace Conference Unanimous for Plan. FIRST DRAFT IS COMPLETED Permanent Organization Carry on Work. Will WAR BLAME TO BE PROBED Commission to Be Named to Inquire Into Responsibility of Authors of Hostilities in 1914. PARI?, Jan. 25. The conference unanimously adopted the league of na tions project. President Wilson and Colonel House are the American mem bers of the commission thereon. The preliminary draft for a league of nations says that the league should have a permanent organization to carry on the business between meetings of international conferences of all the members. It says that the conference should appoint a committee representative of all the governments to work out the details of the constitution and func tions of the league. Commission to Be amed. The draft calls for the appointment of a commission composed of two rep resentatives of the five great powers and five representatives of the other powers to inquire and report on the responsibility of the authors of the war. This commission shall also inquire into breaches of laws and customs of war committed by Germany and allies on the land and sea and in the air dur ing the war, as well as the degree of responsibility for these offenses at taching to particular members of the enemy forces "including members of the general staffs and others, how ever highly placed." Preliminary Draft Prepared. The preliminary draft for the crea tion of a league was given out offi cially as follows: "The conference, having considered the proposals for the creation of a leaguo of nations, resolved lhat: "It is essential to the maintenance of tho world settlement which the as sociated nations now are met to es tablish that a league of nations be ores ted to promote international obli- gations and to provide safeguards against war. This league should be as an Integral part of the created general treaty of peace and should be open to every civilized nation which can be relied on to promote its ob jects. Periodical Sessions Fatorrd. ""The members of the league should periodically meet in international con ference and should have a permanent organization and secretaries to carry on the business of the league in the intervals between the conferences. "The conference therefore appoints a committee representative of the asso ciated governments to work out the de tails of the construction and the func tions of the league. The draft of the resolutions in re gard to breaches of the laws of war for presentation to the peace confer ence reads: "That a commission composed of two representatives apiece from the five great powers and five representatives to be elected by the other powers be appointed to inquire and report upon the following: "First The responsibility of the authors of the war; second, the facts as to breaches of the laws and cus toms of war committed by the force of the German Empire and their allies on land, sea and in the air during the present war; third, the degree of re sponsibility for the offenses attaching to particular members of the enemy's lorces, including members of the gen eral staff and other individuals, how ever highly placed; fourth, the consti tution and procedure of a tribunal ap propriate to the trial of these offenses; fifth, any other matters cognate or an cillary to the above which may arise In the course of the inquiry and which the commission finds it useful and rele vant to take into consideration." Reparation to Be Considered. The following draft of a resolution In regard to reparation for presentation to the peace conference was given out today: , "That a commission be appointed which shall comprise not more than three representatives apiece from each of the five great powers and not more than two representatives apiece Irom Belgium, Greece, Poland, Roumania and Serbia, to examine and report: "First, on the amount of reparation which the enemy countries ought to pay; second, on what they are capable of paying, and, third, on the method, the form and time within which pay ment should be made." The following draft of a resolution! in regard to international legislation on industrial and labor questions for presentation to the peace conference was made public today: "That a commission composed of two representatives apiece from the five great powers and five representatives to be elected by the other powers rep resented at the peace conference be appointed to inquire into the condi tions of employment from the interna tional aspect and to consider the inter- Concluded on Paso t. Column World War for Conquest Hereafter Is Held to Be Almost In conceivable. NEW YORK, Jan. 25. Prediction that when the peace conference forms a league of nations "America, with her idealistic principles, will stand at the head and the iridescent dreams of the past will become the fact of the fu ture," was made by United States Sen ator Hitchcock, of Nebraska, chairman of the Senate foreign relations com mittee, in an address at a luncheon of the Republican Club here today. "It is almost inconceivable that wars for conquest will ever come again," said Senator Hitchcock, "because there is no parliament in all the world which will ever -vote a war. A league of na tions must not be a supernation with a great navy and a monster army, for such a league might be crushed by the very power it reared. "A league of nations will be a sol emn international agreement between the great nations which will be joined by other self-respecting nations, in or der to establish international justice, to pledge themselves never to partici pate in any war for conquest and to abolish war as the most horrible calam ity that can come to a community. "The world will be shown that man kind will no longer tolerate war as a means of settling disputes. "Things that were not possible be fore this war are now possible. The league of nations now is possible, whereas a few years ago It would not have been possible." TRAFFIC NEARLY RESTORED Trouble Due to Recent Storms De clared to Be Repaired. Reports reoived at local offices of the railroads yesterday were that trouble due to the storms of the first half of the week was almost past. High water that had flooded tracks, wasiied out bridges and caused land slides, had reached the crest and in mgst cases was lowered sufficiently to assure early restoration of schedules on all lines. Passengers on the Ore gon Electric were transferred at the Tualatin River bridge. There was no difficulty due to the storm on any of the lines operating to the east, south or down the Columbia River. There was some trouble on the Hoquiam branch of the Northern Pacific, and also on the line to the coal mines at Tonon. Both of these branches will be restored to traffic Moniiiy was- said last night. Traf fic between Portland and Puget Sound cities was restored over on track Fri day. HUNS Every AID IRISH REBELS Means Said to Be Used to Hasten Insurrection. Copyright, lit IP. bv Published by the New York World. Arrangement. LONDON Ian. -3. (Special Cable.) The correspondent of the Laily Express at Geneva, Switzerland, telegraphs: "I learn frfom neutral diplomatic sources that the Germans are employ ing every means to aid and hasten an Irish insurrection. Large sums ' of Gern.an money still continue to be sent secretly to Ireland through America and neutral countries, in spite of the vigilance of the allies, while German agents are constantly in touch with the Sinn Feiners." m HOSPITALS ASK MILLIONS House Committee Reports Favorably Though Minority Oppose Plan. WASHINGTON. Jan. 25. A bill to appropriate $10,500,000 for enlarging hospitals to be conducted by the Pub lic Health Service was reported favor ably to the House today by the build ings committee. A minority report, presented, by Rep resentatives Kreider, of Pennsylvania; Mansfield, of Texas, and Elliott and Barnhart, of Indiana, opposed the pro gramme as unnecessary if abandoned Army posts were converted into hospi tals. DISQUE GOES WEST TODAY Major-Gcncral Says Spruce Work Cannot Be Closed for I or 2 Years. OREGON I AN NEWS BUREAU, Wash ington, Jan. 2. Major-General Brlce P. Disque and Major J. E. Morley, of the Spruce Production LMvision. leave here tomorrow for Por.tland after con ference with War Department officials here and in New York. General Dlsque. it is understood, in formed the department that the busi ness of the Spruce Production Divi sion in Oregon and Washington cannot be closed up advantageously to the Government under one or two years. ARGENTINA WANTS NO REDS 1100 Prisoners on Board Cruiser Awaiting Deportation. BUENOS AIRES. . Argentina, Jan. 25. Fourteen hundred prisoners charged with Maximalist activities are on board a cruiser here awaiting deportation, according to secret service operatives. The majority of them are Russian Jews. Some Spaniards are among the number. MARE ISLAND BOYS TO HELP Western Navy-Yard Rushes Sailors East to Man German Ships. VALLEJO, Cal., Jan. 25. Fifteen hun dred sailors at the Mare Island Navy yard have been ordered east to help man the German ships which will be utilized in bringing American troops home and taking supplies abroad. Diplomats Warned to Heed Voice of People. MANKIND'S RIGHTS UPHHELD President Declares World De mands Vital Peace Body. "OLD SYSTEM" DENOUNCED Conference Told That Day When World Was Ruled by Small Coteries of Men I Gone. PARIS, Jan. 25. When the second session of the full peace conference met this afternoon, it was addressed by President Wilson on the subject of a league of nations. The President de clared the conference had solemn obli gations to make a permanent settle ment. The present conference, the Presi dent added, could not complete Its work until some further machinery of settle ment should be set up. The President spoke earnestly. People Must Be Remembered. "We are not here alone," he said, "as representatives of governments, but as representatives of peoples, and in the settlements we make we need to satisfy, not the opinions of governments, but the opinions of mankind." President Wilson contended that a league of nations must be a vital thing and not casual or occasional. It must have continuity. "It should be the eye of nations, an eye which never slumbers," he declared. On his travels, the President said, peo ple everywhere had greeted the league as the first thing in their interest. People Declared to Rale. "Select classes of men no longer direct the affairs of the world." said the President, "but the fortunes of the world are now in the hands of the plain people. The wish of the people, there fore, must be heard." The war- h-aV s wept away those old foundations by which small coteries had "used mankind as pawns In a game," said the President. Nothing but emancipation from the old system, he contended, would accomplish real peace. The President saw American soldiers In the street soldiers who had come, not alone for war, but as "crusaders in a great cause," and he added, "and I. like them, must be a crusader, what ever It costs to accomplish that end." Following Is President Wilson's ad dress before the peace conference to day: "Mr. Chairman: I consider' it a dis- (Concluded on Page 22, I'olumn l. THE I 1 tfST lffiufcJ ls GREAT 1 t Lives and Liberty of Citizen Soldier Placed in Jeopardy by Men Unqualified in Law. CHICAGO, Jan. 25. Brigadier-Gen eral Samuel T. Ansell, acting Judge Advocate-General of the Army, In an address before the Chicago Bar Associ ation today, said the present system -f military Justice, in his opinion, is "in many respects patently defective and in need of immediate revision at the hands of Congress," It is the present view that courts- martial are .but executive agencies or boards of investigation and not courts. although he declared "they are courts of criminal Jurisdiction second to none," but while holding in "JeoparCy the life and liberty of citizen soldiery they pro ceed to execute their eacred trust with out the aid. guidance or control of any person In the least qualified in the lew." The General said that during the war the department had been compelled to set aside many sentences 'for gross and prejudicial errors of law." "In my Judgment." he said, "the sys tem is deficient in its general lack of legal supervision and control from the preliminary Investigation of the alleged offense until the execution of the sen tence." UNEMPLOYED LABOR FIXED Portland Shows No Incrca-c Though Pugct Sound Cities Do. OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU, Wash ington, Jan. 15. Puget Sound cities finally Joined the ranks todav or i-,. ,t cities having a large surplus of unem ployed labor. In the weekly report to the Department of Labor. The report says that the condition of unemploy ment is growing throughout Washing ton. No Increase in unemploment in Port land is shown over the report or a. week ago, when the number was roundly stated at 7000. WIDOW'S PENSION ALLOWED House Passes Roosevelt Bill, Which Goes to President. WASHINGTON, Jan. 25. A bill granting a pension of $5000 a year to the widow of Theodore Roosevelt was sent to the White House for the Presi dent's approval after being passed to day by the House without a record vote. The bill had been unanimously parsed by the Senate. Before acting on this bill the House passed a similar measure of its own granting the pension by a vote of 250 against 9. MORE RAIN IS PREDICTED Normal Temperatures Expected in Pacific Stales. WASHINGTON. Jan. 25. Weather predictions for the week beginning Monday, issued by the Weather Bureau today, are: I'acific States Normal temperaturo and frequent rains are probable. FATHER: DON'T TELL ME I DID Archangel Army Attacked by Superior Forces. AMERICANS SUFFER LOSSES Reinforcements Await Pleas ure of War Council. REDS VICTORS IN SIBERIA Failure of Allies to Send Arme to C echo-Slovaks and Russians Causes Fall of Ufa. WASHINGTON. Jan. 15. Retirement of the allied forces holding advanced positions in the Archangel sector before attacks by superior forces of Bolshe vikl Is reported in an official dispatch dated January -3, the substance of which was made public today by Gen eral March. The points attacked by the enemy lay gene-rally about 190 miles from Archangel. General March said the inter-allied commander there had ade quate troops to reinforco the advanced elements and to handle the situation. The message reported the American losses in one of the actions at L'st Pe denga at 10 enlisted men killed, 17 wounded and 11 missing. A later dis patch said subsequent attacks were re pulsed when delivered on the positions taken up by the American forces. Americana Pare Big Odds. An inler-alllfd force engaged at Shenkurst consisted of a British de tachment, two companies of Americans and two companies of Russians. These were attacked on three sides and com pelled to evacuate their positions, as were also the allied patrols holding Ust Pedenga. t The American troops, falling back, took a position midway between this point and Shenkurst. In one of the attacks i pooled 1000 enemy troops were in action against the small allied force. General March pointed out again that the whult military situation at Arch angel was under the control of the inter-allied high command in Prance. He intimated that should reinforce ments be deemed necessary any action to supply them would have to come from the high command, and after recommendation from the British commander-in-chief of the forces in Si beria. War-Time Sentences Stopped. General March announced that pun ishments of war-time severity for mili tary offenders in the United States have been stopped by the War Depart ment. From now on. military offenses at home will be punished in accord ance with an order issued by the Presl- f Concluded on T 3, Column 1.) THAT Quarrel Declared Bitter. Both Fac tion Realizing Their Posi tion Desperate One. LONDON, Jan. 23. (Special Cable.) "A serious division exists between the Russian Bolshevists." says a Stockholm dispatch to the Times. "Leninc. fear ing an economic boycott of th coun try, favors a policy of compromise, both at home and abroad. In order to save what he can of his system. "The party headed by Trotzky. en the other hand. Is for heroic measures. They Insist that such a course would provoke intervention and thereby force the allies to postpone demobilization while the Bolshevists carry on a violent propaganda among allted troops. "The quarrel is exceedingly bitter, as both pa ies realize the desperate po sition of their cause, which is partly owlng to the failure of the Bolshevists In Germany and . rtly to the economic ruin of Russia. It is agreed that af fairs cannot go on as they are." PHONOGRAPH CALLS DUCKS Denizens of the Maishes Lured to Their Doom by Modern Science. SAN FRANCISCO. Jan. 23. (Spe cial.) Luring wild ducks with a phono graph brought Ben Woolner. former Oakland City Attorney, the legal limit in 13 minutes on the marshes last night. Woolner has a dictagraph In his of fice- He procured a duck and let It squawk into the transmitter, making a record of its sounds. Then, with a shotgun, the machine and some friends for witnesses, Che set out for the marshes. The machine was placed in position and the "duck" record put on. As soon as the squawks began to issue forth wild game mobilised from all points of the compass. Woolner shot his limit and came home. He has called his device the "Duckwerfer." He Bays it has a range of 1000 yards. $134,512.84 PAID FOR SACK shriners' Red Cross Flour" Pro ceeds Reported Out. SAN FRANCISCO. Jan. 25. A sack of Hour sold fof $134,512.84. John D. Mc Gilvray, potentate of the Islam Temple, San Francisco, announced today, mak ing public advices from North Carolina, where Shriners collected $37o at Sudan Temple. New Bern, tn tho 26th sale of the "Shriners Red Cross Sack of Flour." All proceeds of the sale go to the American Red Cross. Started from San Francisco by Clarence F. Pratt, histo rian of the temple, the sack has been sold in Honolulu and "5 states since May, 1917. It is now on its way to San Francisco, where It will be sold again. Shriners of Helena, Mont., covered the sack with a bearskin and Butte added a copper band and fez. MEEKER DONATES EFFECTS Washington State Historical Society Must Not Open Papers Till 10.12. TACOHA. Wash.. Jan. 25. (Special.) Ezra Meeker, one of the first travel ers over the Old Oregon Trill, has given title to many of his personal effects and private papers to the Washington State Historical Society, with the proviso that they shall not be opened until 1952. 100 years after his arrival in Ta coma. The old prairie schooner which car ried him and his belongings from the East has been given to the Historical Society for a place in the Ferry Mu seum here, as well as his oxen. Dave and Dandy, which he drove back East hitched to the old schooner in 1916. The animals were mounted when thoy died. MEXICAN QUESTIONS UP American Ambassador to Attend Conference In Washington. MF.XICO CITY. Jan. 25. H. P. Fletcher. American Ambassador to Mex ico, left Mexico City today for Wash ington to discuss with the American State Department questions now pend ing between the United States and Mexico. Rumors in Mexico City said the con ference in Washington would be con nected with the reported loan to Mex ico by American bankers and with the decision of American capitalists with Interests in Mexican oil and mineral lands to send a delegation to the peace conferc nee. CONFEREES STILL DISPUTE Agreement on War Revenue Bill Not Yet Effected. WASHINGTON. Jan. 26. Conferees on the war revenue bill still are dis agreed on several important questions. In dispute are war elcess profits, es tate inheritance, oil and second class postage rates and a few other minor differences. After a brief meeting today the con ferees adjourned until Monday. BREADSTUFFS EXPORTS BIG Value of Cargoes Sent Total Close to $200,000,000 Increase. WASHINGTON. Jan. 21. Breadstuffs constituted the principal item in Amer ican exports during 1918, with a value of 180 1.497,730, compared with a value In 1917 of $631,988,110. Exports of meat and dairy products combined were valued at $941,240,883. against M37.H9.372 tho previous year. Number Increasing Rap idly Threatens Outbreak. HAMBURG IS IN DISORDER Berlin Quiet Only Because It Is Policed So Thoroughly. GOVERNMENT HAS PLANS Bonuses Will Be Paid for Work in. Country In Order to Get Incm plojcd to Lcaic Cities. BY ARNO DOSCi I - I'LEU HOT. (Copyright. IPIO. tnjp th PublUhed by Arm York World. ient. Bi.ltL.lN. via Copenhagen. Jan. 24. (Special, by Wireless. Idle workmen in . very German city are reaching such proportions that they threaten mora dangerous outbreaks than the purely political coup like that of the Sparta cans. Hamburg has been thrown Into dis order by them, and while there Is quiet in Berlin. It is only because the city is being policed like an occupied city, even more so. As the situation can only be saved by an active coifstructlvo programme by the government or th" Constitutional Assembly. Tasked Philipp Scheidemann what was the govern ment's plan. Arm of I nrmptojed l.nrge. "The present difficulty arises from the growing number of idle men In the cities," said Schiedcmann. 'With the demobilization or the army in the face of industrial conditions, the army of the unemployed Is very large and they come to the cities because they offer many advantages. Our problem is how to get them back to the provinces, where a local solution to the problem Is possible. "To get this result in the large towns n the future no money will be al lowed those out of work unless they have been out of work for several weeks and then the money li. to be paid only for a limited number of dajs In advance. To get the people to go back to the country, those out of work will be paid a larger number of dajs for so doing. If -work Is offered them and. It Is refused, there will be np further unemployment allowances. Strike Frier Will Pass. 'The strike fever has also seized a large portion of tho Herman workmen. This is undesirable and is a source oC uneasiness to the government, but it will pass. "Remember that the Germans are work-loving people, and If they are up set for a time under the revolution they will soon return to normal. To help this to come quicker, the govern ment will take measures to increase the desire for work." - DESERTERS GO UP FOR LIFE I'ort Stevens Court-Martia! Ciiei Imprisonment to To Priatcs. SAN FRANCISCO. Jan. 25. Life Im prisonment for desertion was given Privates Lawrence J. Burrh and Mylea R. Confer. Coast Artillery Corps, by a court-martial at Port Stevens. Or., it was announced by th- Western Depart ment of the Army here today. Sen tences were approved by Major-General John F. Morrison, commanding the de partment. Following their arrest on the deser tion charge, the men were accused of assaulting a guard and escaping from confinement. NEGRO SOLDIERS NOVELTY Colored I'. S. Troop-, in erman Town-. Attract Crowds. WITH THE AMERICAN' ARMY OP OCCCPATION. Jan. I. (Correspond ence of the Associated Press.) Wher ever American negroes have appeared in the area occupied by (he Americana they have attracted great attention among the civilians. In Treves. Coblens and other places crowds assembled wherever any negro soldiers stopped in the streets, and it was necessary for the military police to enforce the orders prohibiting gatherings. REDS STILL BELLIGERENT. Continued Fighting and Many Cas ualties Reported in Berlin. LONDON. Jan. 23. There were nu merous casualties in heavy fighting between Spartacans and government forces in Berlin Thursday night, says an Amsterdam dispatch to the Ex change Telegraph Company. The fighting was mostly in the vi cinity of the newspaper offices and at the Anhalt station. ROOSEVELT DAY PROPOSED Bill Making October 2 7 National Holiday Introduced. WASHINGTON. Jan. If. A bill set ting aside October 17 as a National holiday, to be known as Roosevelt day, was Introduced today by Representa tive Bacharach. of New Jersey, and re ferred to the House Judiciary commit