11 K ROOSEVELT CONTRASTS RAILROAD AND ANTHRACITE SETTLEMENTS Labor Warned Against Giving Up Principle of Arbitration President's Admission of Wrong Quoted in Own Words Mr. Hughes Declared Incapable of Yielding to Threats Mr. Wilson's Utterances on Labor Cited. TfiisSgaiifM TITE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, POIiTXAyP, OCTOBER 22, .1?16. WILKESBARRE. Pa Oct. 21. Colonel Roosevelt In his speech here last Saturday, In which he discussed the Adamson law. said: "At the outset I wish to express my Very hearty admiration for the broth erhoods. I am proud of the fact that I am an honorary member of one of them. I have usually been in entire sympathy with them. While I held pub lic office I found myself In the vast majority of cases able to support them In their demands, because these de mands were right. But now they have demanded legislation raising their wages to be taken without investiga tion and without the exercise of that form of Judgment shown by a compe tent arbitration commission; and such a demand is wrong, and I stand against It because It is wrong, exactly as I have stood against the demands of , bankers and lawyers, and mine owners and railroad presidents when they were wrong. I believe In labor unions. I am proud that I am myself an hon orary member of a labor union. But I believe first of all in the Union to which all of us belong, the union of all the .people of the whole United. 6tates. Wilson Wrong by Own Statement "In the case of the settlement of the anthracite strike, the action-1 took was cf precisely the kind which President Wilson now says the law should make obligatory in all similar cases in the future. But Mr. Wilson himself ad- mits that his own action was so bad that it ought never to be repeated, for he has assured the public that al though Congress has adjourned with out doing anything, it is his intention when Congress meets to see that it does something to render It impossible for another President ever to repeat exactly what he has Just done. In other words, I stood and stand by my action aa the proper action, constituting the proper precedent for future action. Mr. Wilson himself confesses that his ac tion was wrongand that the precedent thereby set is so evil that legislation must be enacted rendering It impossible - tor another President ever to repeat the action. "Thfcre is another point of difference and a vital point. The action I took was intended to meet the situation at once. The action that Mr. Wilson took has been, deferred so that It shall not take place until- considerably after election. "Fourteen years ago the great an traelte strike had occurred in this region. From the beginning I put the " Governmental agents in touch with the situation and kept myself thoroughly Informed, so that I should be able to act immediately if It became neces sary for me to act. I hoped that It would not be necessary, and that the parties themselves would come to an agreement; for I was very loath to in terfere if it could be avoided. But cold weather approached, a coal famine menaced the entire eastern section of the United States, and there was not the slightest symptom of an agree ment being reached by the contending parties. I felt that the time had come (or me to act. miners "Willing; to Arbitrate. "On the one side were the greatest and wealthiest mine owners of the country, intimately oonnected with the wealthiest and most powerful indus trial and railroad corporations in the country. The financial strength of Wall street was behind them. These men absolutely refused to arbitrate. They said there was nothing to arbi trate, that I had no power under the Constitution to act, and that the public could not Interfere, nor the representa tives of the public, with the way in which they managed their business. The representatives of tha mine work- ers, of labor, on the contrary, ex pressed their entire willingness to ar bitrate and demanded nothing except that as one of the conditions of arbi tration there should be some repre sentative of organized labor to sit to Kether with the representatives of cap ital and of the public at large. I made every effort to get the two sides to agree. When I failed, I decided that 1 would act myself. I held that where the public necessity was National and imperative it became the duty of the Chief of the Nation to act. I held that in any such gigantic controversy be tween labor and capital, containing Fuch a threat. to the welfare of the preat body of our people, there were three parties in interest: viz., the cap italists, the workingmen, and the people bs a whole; and that where the public need was vital that need must control. "I held, moreover, that in any case of such importance and such Interest we must have full knowledge before final action on any of the. points at Issue was taken and that this knowl edge must be obtained by an unbiased body of arbitrators after a thorough ftudy of the i situation. I held that the power of the Government must be used t6 make effective the findings of this body and that pending the findings the work of mining must go on be cause the publio need demanded it. Entire Power of Nation Used. "Therefore I decided that I would use the entire power of the Nation to see that there was an arbitration by dispassionate experts and that the con- elusions of that arbitration were ac cepted by both sides and that until their decision was rendered the work of mining should go on in the interests of the people as a whole. When the mine owners, backed by and represent ing the most powerful financial lnter- ests of the country, positively refused to arbitrate, I proceeded to appoint an arbitration committee without regard to them, securing the consent of a po litical opponent, ex-President Grover Cleveland, to serve at the head of that commission. I saw the Lieutenant General of the Army and arranged with him that if necessary I would put the Army in possession of the mines and would treat him as a receiver to run the mines and to see that neither side interfered with the running. When It became evident that I meant what I said, that both sides could count on my endeavor to do strict Justice- and that they could also count on my in sisting that th public needs be imme diately met, the capitalists yielded and the commission was appointed. "The arbitration was .successful. I understand that with slight modifica tions you have continued to operate the mines under its terms up to the present day. More important still, it set the precedent for the course that ought to be followed In all disputes of this nature hereafter. Mr. Wilson, on the contrary, has set a precedent which he himself admits must never hereaf ter be followed if Justice is to be done. This is a vital point of difference be- tween the conduct of the Chief Execu tive in one case and in the other. . President's Own Words Quoted. "President Wilson in his speeches of August 29 and September 23 has fur nished his own condemnation out of his own mouth. In them he explicitly con demns exactly what he has done and actually demands legislation which will make impossible the repetition of such a proceeding! This is so extraordinary an attitude that I quote his own words. He said he wished 'to provide' against 'the recurrence of such unhappy situa tions in the future' by securing 'the calm, and fair arbitration of all indus trial disputes in the days to come.' This Is an explicit assertion that arbi tration of all industrial disputes is the right method of action; and therefore that he had adopted the wrong method of action although in the case of the anthracite coal strike he had an exact precedent in point, by following which he would have enforced the right method. "President Wilson further says: 'This is assuredly the best way of vindi cating a principle, namely, having failed to make certain of its observance in the present to make certain of Its observance in the future. On the contrary, this is the very worst way of vindicating a principle. Indeed, it is Impossible to devise a worse way of vindicating a principle than to flinch ignominiously from en forcing it in the case at issue and at the same time to seek to cover the ig nominy by vociferous protestations about applying it in the nebulous future. Evil Precedent Established. 'All that he did was to establish the most evil of all precedents for a democ racy, the precedent of violating a prin ciple under the duress of threat and menace. It is a precedent which will return to plague us throughout all fu ture time whenever we have in the White House a President who is timid in the face of threat of physical vio lence or who subordinates duty to the hope of personal political profit. President Wilson further said, while trying to gloss over his timidity in the present by assuming an attitude of frowning defiance as regards the neb ulous future, that the American people must be made 'a partner in the settle ment of disputes that interrupt the life of the Nation,' that it must 'enforcer the partnership and see to it that no organization is stronger than that or ganization to which we all belong, our own Government, and that we, the people, must say to any outside organ ization that It 'must not Interrupt the National life without consulting ub." "These are fine words about the fu ture. They are Intended to cover up, but as a matter of fact they furnish the strongest condemnation of Mr. Wilson's deed in the present. In these words Mr. Wilson exactly describes what he ought to have done with the brotherhoods and explictly condemns the action which he in fact took. If the principles he laid down were good for the future, they were good for the present. Do it now, Mr. Wilson! Do not use fine words about what some body else ought to do In the future In order to cover your own shameful abandonment of duty In the present. Eiarbt-Honr Day Ideal. "I believe in the eight-hour day. It is the ideal toward which we should tend. But I believe that there must be common sense as well as common honesty in achieving the" ideal. Mr. Wilson has laid down the principle that there is something sacred about the eight-hour day which makes it improper even to discuss it. If this is so, if it is applied universally, then Mr. Wilson is not to be excused for not applying it immediately where he has complete power, and that is in his own household. If the principle of the eight-hour day is sacred and not to be changed under any circumstances, then the housemaid, who in Mr. Wil son's house arises at 7, must be let oft at 3 in the afternoon; and if Mr. Wll son's butler is kept up after a state dinner until 10, he must not come on until 2 of the following afternoon, and no hired man on a farm must get up RUB YOUR STOPS BACK LUMBAGO Don't Drug Kidneys! Rub the Pain Right Out With Old "St. Jacobs Oil." Back hffrts youT Can't straighten up without feeling sudden pains, sharp aches and twinges i now listen i That's lumbago, sciatica, or maybe from a 6traln, and you'll get blessed relief the moment you rub your back with soothing, penetrating "St. Jacobs Oil." Nothing else takes "out sore ness, lameness and stiffness so quickly You simply rub It on and out comes the pain. It is perfectly harmless and doesn't burn or discolor the skin. Limber up! Don't suffer! Get small trial bottle from any drug store and after using it Just once, you'll foriret that you ever had backache lumbago or sciatica, because your back will never hurt or cause any more misery. It never disappfllnts and has been recommended for 60 years. Stop drugging kidneys! They don't cause backaohe. because they have no nerves, ibarafox s&ooot cause jain iAdv, to milk the cows in the morning unless he quits work before milking time ar rives that same evening. Of course, the simple truth is that under one set of conditions an eight-hour law may be too long or at least may represent tne very maximum of proper work whereas there may be other conditions under which a man working more than eight hours one day gets one or two days of complete leisure following, or where the work is Intermittent throughout the day, or IS of so easy or varied a type that no exhaustion ac companies it, or where a rush of work for a few days will be compensated by complete leisure on certain other days. "It is ridiculous to say that an en gineer of a high-speed train under es pecially difficult conditions, an en gineer of a low-speed train under very much easier conditions, a farm laborer in harvest time, a man engaged as a watchman through the qule,t work of the night, or a man engaged in the exhausting work of a steel puddler in a continous seven-days-a-week, nlght-and-day industry, should be governed by precisely the same rule or by the same rigid application In detail of a sound general, principle. Should Be Limited. "I heartily believe in a proper limi tation by law of hours of work in the railroad service, and I recommended legislation to that effect when I was President. I believe in the wages in any industry being Just as high as it is possible to make them wlthbut in justice to the capital Invested and to the public which is served. But it is a mere truism Ito say that it is im possible to get this ideal achieved un less an honest and dispassionate ef fort is first made by the proper com mission to ascertain the full facts in the particular case. As regards -the railroads,- we .have to consider the wages paid to the different classes of employes, the Interest on the invest ment, the earning power of trhe road. and the kind of service that must be rendered to the public. It is Impossible to secure a proper solution of the- prob lem unless all these factors are con sidered. Mr. Wilson absolutely de clined to consider any of them. He de clined even to ask what they were. We nave not at this moment one particle of trustworthy information, which will enable us to decide whether the de mands of the men were Just or not. I wish it distinctlv understood that I am not trying to pass Judgment upon the Justice of the case. I regard the en gineers, firemen and enginemen and trainmen generally as doing peculiarly responsible and arduous work, and en titled to particular consideration as re gards both hours of labor and pay. I hope that they are fully entitled as a matter of Justice to what they will re ceive under the Adamson bill and if it so appears I shall heartily support it. out l protest against the far-reachinir evil of the precedent set in the method which has been followed. Pmbllc Must Pay In End, ' "Remember it is the publio that In the end will pay. You do not have to take my assertion for this. Take the assertion of Mr. Wilson's master in this matter. The union leaders, through their chairman, Mr. Garretson, announced that 'they would steadily refuse to arbitrate and that in their action they were supported by the President of the United States.' They stated the case in a nutshell as fol lows: In times like this, men go back to primal instinct to the day of the caveman with his half-gnawed bone. snarling at the other caveman who wanted to lake his bona away. We leaders are fighting for our men. The ranroaas are fighting for their stock holders; and the shippers for them selves. Ana the public will pay.' Mr Garretson is right.lthe publio will civ! And it will pay without having had the chance to know whether It ought or ought not to pay. Mr. Wilson be trayed the public when he refused to insist mat the contest should be de cided on principle of Justice, and when he permitted It to; be decided in defer ence to greed and fear. "He says, that It would havS been futile' to show courage and stand up for the right. From the standpoint of the Nation, the worst kind of futility in a President Is to fall to stand up for the right. President Wilson felt ii was ruine to oppose these men, ex actly as President Buchanan hi. .i,. itual forbear, felt in 1860 that it was futile to oppose secession. That type of futility gives the real measure of the man who practices it. What Bu chanan considered futile Lincoln made nuroic SATIOXAL LECTURER COMES TO TALK TO MODERN WOODMEX. iWOODMEX. t . - i K " , 1 1 t "i ' ' i - - H I 4 I v it '; i s - to Edward F. Burns, of Brooklyn. Edward F. Burns, of Brooklyn, N. Y., National lecturer of the Modern Woodmen of America, will arrive in the city today from Seattle. Mr. Burns is making a tour of the Pacifio Coast states in the Interests of that society, having spent the last 30 days In Montana, Idaho, Washington and Eastern Oregon. He will address a large open meeting next Wednesday evening In the new Modern Woodmen Hall, at 8 Eleventh street, under the auspices of all Modern Wood men camps of the city. Visitors from all nearby camps will be present, and it Is expected to make this one of the largest meetings of Its kind ever held In the city. Mr. Burns is an orator of National repute, having held the position of National lecturer of the society for 16 years. He Is accompanied by Mrs. Burns. In addition to the Portland meeting he will also deliver ad dresses at the following points in Western Oregon, en route to Cal ifornia. Astoria, October 24; Sa lem. October 26, and Grants Pass. October 27. Mr. Burns is accom panied on this trip by J. W. Sim mons, state deputy of the society. Mr, Hughes Incapable of Yleldl Threats. "ITShaml1Sn Mr' H"f-hes as against Air. v Uson because in every such cri sis Mr. Wilson, by his publio acts has shown that he will yield to fear, that u l,?ot yleld to Justice, whereas the publio acts of Mr. Hughes have proved him to be Incapable of yielding in such a crisis to any threat, whether made by politicians, corporations or labor leaders. "I have always stood for the rights of labor. You miners before me know "-"""-V " oy you and I incurred mo nosiimy or tne greatest financial powers of the land by so doing, and I have felt that hostility in public life sue. cut i aid not care, because I knew that my course was right. If I had been the type of man who was willing to stand by you when you were wrong. I would never have dared to stand by yon when you were right, against such opposition as at that time 4. cucuuniBreo. i nave stood for shorter hours of labor.. I have stood for a better wage for the laborer, for better housing conditions, for giving the laboring wage worker better living conditions and better and safer work ing conditions. I have stood to give him and his wife and his children the chance to make of themselves all that American citizens should make of memseives. i nave stood, and always oiin.li Binno, ior eveiytning in the in terest of Justice for the laboring- mar. But I have always stood and always shall stand against yielding anything luruuBu ior or Because or threats, believe In the great principle of arbl tration. I believe in invoking the action of the Government to help labor; but I also believe that to InvnkA nrh action will in the end be ruinous to labor, as well as to the country. If it is not exercised witn wisdom and fear lessness and in the spirit of exact Jus tice to an the panties concerned. If these questions are not settled right. men some time tney win nave to be unsettled, and infinite trouble is there by laid up for us in the future. Labor Should Be Farstghted. "Labor leaders who are shortsighted may at the moment get from a man in publio office who is not actuated by Justice, more than from a man who is actuated by Justice. But the laboring people as a whole cannot afford to ac cept such pains. If unjust legislation is given them for improper reasons, then unjust legislation against them may be enacted for improper reasons. More than any other people In the country the. wageworkers should insist on Just and fair action. There is grave reason to believe that In the course President Wilson has followed he did violence to his own real convictions. Until he became a candidate for office, he was a bitter, ungenerous and often unjust critic of labor unions. I have before me speeches and letters of his made and written In 1905, 1907 and 1S09, In which Mf Wilson says among other things that 'labor unions drag the highest man down to the level of the lowest,' Mid in paklng of the rials, construction and finish are first-class m HE Suite, illustrated' above, is made expressly to our order, and it cannot in every respect. We can furnish this splen Dresser, Chiffonier, Dressing Table and Chair, Bed, Chaii and JRocker. The mate- did Suite in Satin Walnut, Mahogany, Ivory, or French Gray. At a slight increase in price, the Suite can be handsomely decorated. Call and See This Fine Suite. Price $116.50 $10 Down, $10 a Month Liberal Discount for Cash We Are Exclusive Agents for Garland Ranges Another Carload Just -Unloaded! mi sti , a i win i s iiuiiiiii"iimr' b; :::..t. ... uUiikyilgliiliiiiiisiiJ THE splendid Garland Combination Range here illustrated, is a real two-in-one Range. Burns wood, coal or gas, any minute. It gives you all the ad vantages of two ranges, for the use of one fuel does not interfere with the other a unique departure that is a decided advan tage. TOP Four regular burners for gas, and full-size firebox for coal or wood, with four eight-inch covers, afford ample capacity. Both gas burners and cooking top forioal or wood can be used simultaneously er separately, as desired. No change of parts. Combination pouch- feed and broiling door for coal or wood. OVEN Operates with wood, coal or gas. 18 inches square, with Garland goose-neck flues, allowing heat from coal or wood fire to pass unimpeded around the entire oven. BODY The heavy cast-iron construction is proof against moisture from gas, and the cast ings throughout are of the highest grade, in suring durability'and long -service. FIREBOX Of ample' iize with exten sion pocket for wood. Duplex grate for coal or wood, with heavy sectional linings. Order one of these frfarj f ry Ranges tomorrow. Price v 5t3" only , An Important Sale! Limbert 's Holland Dutch Arts and Crafts Furniture We are the exclusive agents for this furniture, whioh is of the highest type of excellence and fully guaran teed. - Every piece made from the finest white oak. All upholstery of genuine Spanish goat leather. Select now, while prices are deeply reduced. $25 Arm Chairs reduced to Sl7 $26 Arm Rockers reduced to S17 $40 Morris Chairs reduced to. . -S2G $2S House Desks reduced to: . . .819 $4.50 Desk Chairs reduced to 8 3 $14 Palm Stands reduced to S 1) d.50 1 abourets reduced to S 4 $10 Reception Chairs reduced to 8 0 $30 Library Tables reduced to.. 821 $16 Arm Rockers reduced to Sll Many Other Pieces Reduced .65 .90 .85 .50 .60 75 .10 .90 .75 9 Jf $60WiltonRugs$39.50 A limited number of patterns in fine 9x12 Bagdad Wilton Rugs that we will not be ablo to duplicate. Select this week at only $39.50. Our Prices Are Moderate Our ' Service Is Prompt. Our Terms of Credit the Most Liberal. Henry Jenning & Sons One Biff Store "The Home of Good Furniture' Washington street at Fifth Nine Floors capitalistic class, ho says that "there Is another equally formidable enemv and It Is that class formed by the labor leaders of this country,' and again "I am a fierce partisan of the open shop,' and again "the usual standard of the employe in our day Is to give as lime aa he can for his wages. Labor Is standardized by trade unions and this is the standard to which It is made to conform. I need not point out how economically disastrous such regula tion of labor la. Our economic suprem acy may be lost because the country (trows more and more full of unprofit able servants.' These were the utter ances of llr. Wilson when he was president of a university and had neither fear of nor desire to profit by the labor vote. In Mr. Wilson's 'History of the American . People' he explicitly stated that the ' Chinese ought not to be excluded from this country because it is better to have them here than It la to have the Im migrants we now gret from Europe. His words were: 'The Chinese are more to be desired as workmen than moat of the coarse crew that come crowding In everywhere at the Eastern ports.' Now he turns round and Eays: 'Our gates must be kept open' to those whom he thus denominated a 'coarse crew.' Since he went Into politics he has again and a(Tin, Incessantly and continuously, reversed himself on what he had pro fessed to be his deepest convictions prior to entering' politics, and in each case the announced change of convic tion agreed with what at the moment seemed to be his political Interest. "It is alleged that President Wilson has been actuated only by principle In connection with the Adamson law. then J ask why he haa failed to apply the same principle to the railway postal clerks, where he has full power. Esti mating six days to the week, these postal clerks, operating between New lork and Pittsburg, are required to run 205 miles per day Ifor the present Administration has reduced the number of tha crews from six to five), whereas the present trainmen's agreement requires only 155 miles a day, which is to be reduced etlil further by the Adamson law. The only possible explanation of Mr. Wilson's action In one case and Inaction In the other la that only 400 men are affected lrcsthat case where the Government has full control of the boura of labor, xv rm n m Ann ftAA mam ba nnM.A . n fbe affected by the Adamson bill." rOPULiAR PORTLAND MUSICIAN WILL f I O AT RELIEF MEETl.VO FRIDAY, . r i - mima Yonnc On Friday night at the Lincoln High School, Broadway and Mar ket streets. Dr. E. V. Moscow will give his illustrated lecture on the war as seen by him while serving as chief surgeon of the American Medical Corps with the Belgian army. This lecture has been arranged by the British Benevolent Society and the proceeds are to be turned over to the British Red Cross. An additional feature of tha evening's entertainment will be the singing of F. DeBruln, oper atic baritone, of Amsterdam, Hol land, and Miss Wllma Young, a well-known and popular singer, of Portland. sv?aiisV MONDAY CLUB'S SEASON ON First Concert Is Given by Mr. Llnd and Mrs. Reed. The Monday Musical Club rave the first concert of the club season last Monday at the club home. Eilers build ing. An unusually fine programme was offered, Waldemar Lind and Mrs. Rose Couraen Reed appearing. Mr. Llnd ren dered a- Bach programme, the first number being a concerto for two vio lins. Albert Crelts played the second violin and Fldrldge Trayle was at tha piano for all Mr. Llnd s numbers. Mr. Llnd's warmth and depth of tone color was particularly noted. Mrs. Rose Coursen Reed sang a group of five songs that showed to advantage the fresh, liquid quality of her voice. The numbers themselves were beauti ful, , and her splendid Interpretation brought out all their Inherent beauty. Luclen E. Becker was Mrs. Reed's accompanist. STUDENTS TOJSIVE PLAYS "The Romancers" and . 'Trench Without Blaster" Billed. Edmund Rostand's "The Romancers and Tristand Bernard's "French With out a Master." will be tha first plays given by the Reed College Drama Club. The date will probably be during the last week of November. Both plays are translations from the French. Trlstrand Bernard, the George Cohan of France, is found In one of his most humorous veins In the one-act curtain-raiser. "French Without master," deals with the escapades of an English Interpreter who knows no French. Rostand, who is known to the world by his "Chanticleer," has again become justly famous through his 'Tlte Romancer's." in which he de plcts the fortunes and misfortunes of a romantic young couple. Mexico has two official tiams, "Egtados TJnldo MsTtoanos" A& "Republic Lone lived and livening. 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