The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current, January 12, 1908, Magazine Section, Page 10, Image 52

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    10
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t22S JIZEXJUmER GfZAHAZT&EZZlS JiZlT-CAARYZZTi?- u4ELO'IANE
BY JOHN' ELFRETH W ATKINS.
N THE atmosphere above Washington
1 there will be strenuous doings in the
near future, when the army com
mences Its official testa of the many fly
ing machines which will be submitted In
response to Its advertisements just Issued.
These advertisements mean that the Gov
srnment is in earnest in the matter of
equipping an aerial navy of the most im
proved order; that it will not yield dom
ination of the skies to any other world
power. It was. In fact, in earnest in 1898
when it appropriated J50.000 for the devel
opment of Professor Langley's flying ma
chine. That It Is all the more in earnest
now is shown by the fact that $200,000 has
Just been asked of Congress for the pur
chase of airships and experiments there
with. With fcS.OOO already allotted for the
purpose by the army Board of Ordnance
nd Fortifications, the total sum will be
1235.000, if Congress gives the extra sum
skcd for.
Flying machine inventors have been
Slven short notice. Two kinds of airship
have been advertised for a dirigible bal
loon and an aerodrome, the latter being a
mechanically propelled machine heavier
than air and having no gas bags whatso
ever to assist it. Proposals for the diri
gible will not be received after noon, Jan
uary 15, while those for the aerodrome
must be In by noon February 1. General
lames Allen. Chief Signal Officer of the
irmy, will receive the proposals on behalf
of the Board of Ordnance and Fortifica
tions. The tests will be made at Fort
Myer, the big military post opposite
Washington, on the Virginia side of the
Potomac. There Is a modern balloon-house
at the fort and plenty of space for mak
ing the tests. All of the aeronautic ex
perts of the world will look Washington
ward when the competitions are com
menced. .
Langlcj's Vscful Feature.
The greatest interest will be focused
upon the aerodrome tests. Our army was
the pioneer in this field when it took up
Professor langlcy's experiments and aid
1 them financially; but that learned
physicist, who knew more about aerody
namics than any other man of his time,
died before his aerodrome, built for the
army, was ever launched. He actually
made several large aerodrome models, pro
pelled by steam, fly over the Potomac and
was the first man in the world to perfect
a mntor-drlven craft which could fly
throuch the air while supported only by a
dynamic reaction of the atmosphere. A
telcphoto snapshot of his best aerodrome
to accomplish this unprecedented feat is
attached to this article. He built the first
aerodrome of the world also the first war
aerodrome, for it was tmilt for the army.
Professor I,anglcy was prepared to go
the one step farther and show that the
enlargement of his lust model would carry
a man, when he died.
The new tests will be taken more
eriously by the press and public than
were those made by Lrfingley. He be
ing the first Investigator In the field,
he was regurded by many as a vision
ary, but Santos Dumont. of Paris, and
the Wright Bros., of Dayton, Ohio,
have since succeeded In flying aero
dromes and the public has been taught
the lesson that langley was proceed
ing on logical lines. They have also
rewhett'-d the army's appetite for an
aerodrome. But the army wants more
today, even th?n it asked of kangley.
Wlmt the Army Demands.
It wsnts no less than an aerodrome
that will carry two persons, or a total
weight of BP0 pounds. Besides this it
must carry sufficient fuel for a flight
of 12a miles. General Allen says fur
thermore that he wants It ' to be so
designed that Its parts may be quickly
and easily assembled and taken, apart
and packed for transportation In army
wagons. It should be capable of h-Mng
assembled and put in operating condition
In one hour. Til general 'f urtlierniore
says that It should have a speed of
at least 40 miles per hour in still air.
Bidders will receive a percentage of
the cost mentioned in their proposals,
depending upon the speed attained
during- the trial flight. The price must
be quoted on the supposition that the
speed attained will be 40 miles an
hour. Say that the price mentioned
Is JIOO.01'0. If the machine is accepted
and the 40 miles per hour speed is
shown, then this price will stand. But
if only 39 miles per hour Is shown on
the test, then the understanding is that
10 per cent will be deducted from the
price, which will stand at $90,000, and
10 per cent will similarly be deducted
for each mile per hour shown below
the 40-mile limit.
Aerodromes showing less than 36
miles per hour will be rejected; but
10 per cent more than the stated price
will be allowed for each mile per hour
above 40. Thus, if the accepted aero
drome makes 44 miles per hour the
inventor will get 140 per cent of his
price.
The trial course for the aerodromes
will be more than five miles. A flying
start must be made In each case, the
starting and stopping points being passed
at full speed. This timing test will be
made both against and with the wind.
But before acceptance of any machine
it will be subjected also to an endur
ance flight, lasting at least one hour,
during which the machine must, re
main continuously in the air. Further
more, it must return to the starting
point without any damage, that would
prevent its immediately starting out
again. During this endurance test It
must be steered in all directions with
out difficulty and under perfect con
trol. Three trials will be allowed for
epeed and three for endurance. All
must have been completed within 30
days after the aerodrome 'has been de
livered at Fort Myer by the manufac
turer, who will have to bear the ex
pense of the tests. .He will also have
to accompany his proposal with a cer
tified check amounting to 10 'per cent
of his price stated for the 40-mile
speed. When the award Is made these
checks will be returned to the bidders,
and the successful bidder will be re
quired to furnish bond equaj to the
total price stated. This price must In
clude the Instruction of two of the
Army's men In the handling and oper
ation of the aerodrome. Furthermore,
no payments on 'account will be al
lowed by General Allen until after ac
ceptance. What General Allen says he wanta
is a machine which will ascend In any
kind of country which may be encoun
tered In field service, and whose start
ing device is simple and transportable
one which will land In any field
without requiring a specially prepared
spot and without damaging its parts.
Ha wants It to be provided also with
a device permitting of a safe descent
In case of accident to the propeling
machinery. It should be. sufficiently
simple in construction and operation
for any intelligent man to become pro
ficient In its use within a reasonable
length of time.
Prominent Competitors.
While all of the proposals sent to
Genere.l Allen will be held as confidential.
It is believed that the Wright Brothers
will be foremost among those who will
endeavor to . compete. Their tests have
been guarded with great secrecy, but It
is well known, that their aerodrome, said
to be new wellnight perfected, will be
offered to the government which will pay
for it. provided that the United States
does not care to have it.
Professor Alexander Graham Bell, the
inventor of' the telephone, is also Jdoked
upon as a strong probability so far as the
contest is concerned. At his private ex
periment station in Nova Scotia he is
perfecting a large man-carrying aero
plane male up of his original tetrahedral
cells. I itely he tested thia device -by
towing it behind a motor boat. It is
said to h'-tw behaved satisfactorily, the
attachment the motor being the only
further step that is necessary. For the
accompanying photograph of one of the
nest types of Professor Bell's man-carrying
aeroplanes the writer is indebted to
the National Geographic Society, which
has received it from Professor Bell,
A. M. Herring, of New York, who be
fore the Langley aerodrome was com
menced built a successful soaring ma
chine modeled on the turkey buzzard
Pleated Shirts
-IE pleated shirt has not lost any of
Its popularity. Two years ago there
was a return on the part of some ;
of the haberdashers to the plain bosom,
but there are now pleats on all the soft
shirts, and this means, in effect, that
there are pleats on all the shirts, since
the stiff shirts are rarely seen except
for evening wear.
The soft cuff Is still turned back by
men who make it a point to dress well.
On the other hand; men in business fre
quently declare that thia style, has be
come a little too previous for them.
A soft cuff cannot be stiffened. To
starch it once Is to ruin It forever. The
soft cuff soils very easily and it not In
frequently happens that a business man
on reaching his office finds himself start
ing out the day with a cuff no longer
fresh.
This has led many men to have their
shirts for business wear made with a
single stiff cuff, While for dress they
have the turned back cuff free from
starch.
Solid colors are this year more popular
than the fancy stripes or all-over color
designs for everyday shirts. There is
also evidence of a return to more ele
mentary shades.
Blue and pink as well as mauve are
more popular this season than such tints
as coffee, champagne, grass brown, fall
green and other shades in which there
was little decided color. ' The explanation
is to be found In tha absence of color in
men's neckwear.
The knit silk four-in-hand may have a
stripe, but it will not be a. decided con
trast to the background, .and. there will
probably "be no striking eolor in the scarf
itself. So the shirts must supply a
background of .substantial color.
Again, the fashion of wearing no scarf
pln has had its effect In requiring de
cided color in the shirt. Men who wear
scarfpins today usually select some tint
that matches the tie anA that makes it
possible to have plenty of color in the
bosom of the shirt.
Much more modish nowadays it is to
wear the tie without a pin except on
formal occasions, such as a wedding, for
instance; then a plastron, for which a
pin is Indispensable, will be worn.
Few stlft-bosomed shirts are now made'
in colored materials, and they are In
tended generally for men who never did
accept tlie soft shirt as appropriate to
daily wear in town. The materials still
used for stiff -bosomed shirts in color are
striped cambrics and madras. -
Usually a stripe should oe sufficiently
broad to be effective, and In some of the
shops there are dark blue stripes a quar
ter of n inch in width against the
white background. They are no longer
made to run up and down, as they were
for a -brief period, but are from side to
side.
Most of the men who wear these shirts
every day also wear their collars on
their shirts, which is as expensive a
taste as any known. To have a collar
attached to a shirt means that the shirt
cannot last more than a day. If so long.
It also means that the collar will' last
less time than the usual brief span of life
that the city laundries allow to a collar.
On the colored cuffs 'the stripes run
aroundi which Is the arrangement always
to be adopted If the stripes on the
bosom are also horizontal. If the stripes,
on the other hand, run up and down on
the bosom they should do the. same on
the cuffs.
The wearers of the srlff-bosomed colored
shirts are not numerous nowadays, nor
are they very, young in this country.
Thi style survives much, more prosper
ously In London."
For the soft colored shirt oxford,
madras and cambric are still popular ma
principle, and who after this feat became.
Professor Langley's' assistant in his ear
lier experiments. Is also looked upon as
a possibility, as is C. F. Manly, Professor
Langley's principal assistant in the per
fection of his last aerodrome. Mr. Manly
probably knows more about compact en
gines than any other man living. It was
he who fell into the Potomac with the
Langley machines when the launching
apparatus broke prior to Its test. - This
machine never has had a test. Tt is now
Still Popular
terials for men who do iot care to spend
the amount necessary to buy the- pongee
! silks and the materials of silk and cotton
made up In Paris by the smart haber
dashers. If these soft silks are used,
they must be in the pale neutral shades
of gray, yellow and green. .
The heavy oxford materials In solid
colors should not be pleated, but are an
attractive variation with their plain,
heavy bosoms. They come only in white,
blua and pink.
Madras and cambric make soft, grace
ful pleats, and even In the. all-over pat
terns they are smart, although the best
effects come In the solid colors. Less
tasteful and certain to enjoy little popu
larity here among men who know what
correct dress s are the heavy figured
silks for shirts recently imported from
France.
As if . the heavy brocaded material were
not revolutionary enough, these shirts
have three pleats in the bosom and turn
over cuffs. . They are to be worn with
gold studs and cuff buttons.
As an excuse for this eccentric garment
the haberdashers say that it is intended
for wear with a dinner coat, the use to
which every garment too outlandish for
any other wear is dedicated. It Is safe
to predict that no man who is particular
about dress will appear- in this product
at any time.
x ue iiiuners ui smris iu ue nuiu - hi :
cheap prices are often more prompt in j
laktnf nn a nan; v-1 n thnn T H m mrr f.-in ,
servative makers. Last Winter the manu
facturers put on the. market a turned
back cuff of an entirely new character.
It was white, broad at, tlie buttonhole,
and gradually narrowed- down to half
the width on the Inside. It was stiffened.
The cuff was not especially ornamental,
and as it was turned back ft seemed to
serve no useful purpose. It was more
durable, however, than the soft cuff. It
was attached to colored as well as to
white dress shirts.
Its arrival on the scene of fashions
created no excitement. It was. not re
garded as .objectionable, although nobody
was Impressed with its beauty or smart-
Milrta to Avoid.
ness. This year, however, the fashion is
flourishing on Fifth avenue, and the most
exclusive shirtmakers are copying the
mode first sent out by the - manufactur
ers. They have this narrow, turn-back
cuff to serve as the same ornamental de
tail for evening dress that the soft roll
does for daily wear. They are not likely
to convince many men that anything
else is' such good style as the simple cuff
of tradition.
Two narrow . puffs of pique running
down the bosom on either side of the cen
ter pleat divide each side into three lines
of tiny horizontal puffs of madras. Such
a 'shirt has much more, the effect of a
woman's shirtwaist than of a garment in
tended for man's wear. It is intended
for full evening dress, although tha
In the custody of the Smithsonian Insti
tution and whether the War Department
will enter It in the test Is not at present
writing known to the Smithsonian au
thorities. It would, however, appear to
be an odd attitude on the part of the
W7ar' Department to ignore altogether a
finished but untried aerodrome belonging
to it, on which it has spent about 70,000
and whose aeronaut is available for a
test.
The dirglble balloon which General
maker of both of these styles suggested
that It 'would go better perhaps with ;a
dinner coat.
Less pronounced Is the shirt with the
'horizontal tucks and the 'broad pleat in
the center. It is quite as remote, how
ever, as the other from good taste. Still,
for evening dress the classic simplicity
of the plain shirt and cuff is the gentle
man's standard
It Is the fit of the dress shirt that dis
tinguishes it. To make the bosom a little
broader is the tendency of the fashion
this year.
The standing collar that closes to the
top has been seen this year In the par
terre at the opera, although the open
points in front are more popular. The
standing turnover collar to look well with
evening dress must be high, else it is too
formal.
There Is a shade of difference in theB
collars to distinguish them from previous
years, and that alteration began also in
the cheaper ahops before the other
makers took it up. The ends are no
longer rounded off In the newer shapes,
but are straight and pointed at the bot
tom. The difference Is slight and interest
ing only to those who must have the
latest or be unhappy. With an evening
tie these points are not visible.
The Sayings of Mr,
Finnegan
By J. H. M.
WENT down to th' hotel and tried
to dig me way through a bunch lv
m
1
th' United Arteslans, bjit ye might as
well try an' get a. hearing In th' com
mon council fr Sculin an' his peace
society. Thin I tried th' telephone.
"Hello Phil," says I, "Is that your"
It was this morning!
Give me room three double two six!
. Can't do It onl-ess ye have th' coun
tersign! "Whist." says I.
Go to It, says he.
Hello, Charley, is that you?
Yes, I know y'r vice, but forget It!
How's Theodorlc, th' strinuous?
Oh. he's trying to pack a 300-pound
buckeye up a hill!
Can't th' heavy weight pack himself?
Mebbe after he gets a good start I
Say. what caused th' panic?
A run on th' golden rule!
How does It look to you? say a Char-Icy.-
' ' '
If one-half I read in th' papers be
true th dlvll owns th' fuel trust!
What d'ye think of Foiaker, saya I.
' He's dimonstrated th' feasibility lv
ariel navigation.
Say, has Joe got th' Itch?
Well, he knows how to scratch I
How's things coming?
I'm atln' cake. ,
What about th' Bristle case?
"What th' head won't do, th' heels
will have to," as-they say In Missouri.
Who's this Chris Shoo'bull?
Oh. he's one of thim (Bur-r-r-r zip
cluck) from whose bourne no traveler
returns.
What'll become lv him?
What'll become lv a (Bur-r-r-r zip
cluck) Hood River apple In th' press
gallery?
Say, shake up y'r phone, th' dam
thing stutters!
Ye'll have to keep order in this room
byes. I'm talking to a glntleman.
Say, what's Binger doing?
He's trying to figure out what It will
cost a block to haul a dray load lv
phllliplcs fr'-m th' Postofflce to th'
crematory! ,
., nere did ye ate today?
Down at Dan Watsons!
w-h-a-t. oft th' same plates with
Willum Jennings Bryan?
I told Dan to fumigate thim! '
I'll tell Jarsre about you!
Alltn hopes to obtain for the Signal
corps as the result of the other series
of tests must be designed for inflation
with hydrogen and ' the material for
the gas bag silk covered -with an
umiuum preparation,, requiring no
varnish will be furnished by the Sig
nal Corps. He wants bidders to state
in their proposals the number of square
yards of this rnaterial required. The
dimensions and shape of the balloon
bag will be left to the inventor, but
It muEt not be over -120 feet long.- In
side the gas bag he wants one or. two
"balloonets" having a capacity of one
sixth of the gas bag. Balloonets art
little balloon-like bags inflated inside
balloons In order to keep their ertj
velopes at a uniform stiffness. Those
Inside the new army dirglble balloon
must be connected by ruben to a blower
which will maintain within them a
constant air-pressure. The fabric of
these little bags will also be supplied
by the army. The suspension frame
supporting the car and motor should
be made so that 'it can be quickly as
sembled or taken apart.
This airship, like the aerodrome,
must carry two persons, or 350 pounds,
but In addition 100 pounds of ballast,
which will compensate for the In
Great Trip
EVERY sweetheart, every sister, every
mother of every sailor of every ship in
the Atlantic squadron, under Rear Ad
miral "Bob"' Evans' command, will soon
begin to watch the mails as she has sel
dom watched them before, for now begins
the unprecedented trip of a fleet of bat
tleships from the Atlantic seaboard
around South America, through the tor
tuous Strait of Magellan, up the Pacific
to Magdalena Bay, on the Coast ot
Lower California. Souvenirs of the. trip
should begin to arrive In the first part of
January, for the fleet of battleships is
expected to cast anchor In the harbor of
Port of Spain, on the Island of Trinidad,
the night before Christmas. They -know
the fleet Is coming, and if "Jack" doesn't
have a good time -ashore It will not be
their fault. In fact, the people of Trini
dad are rather preparing to "spread
themselves" on the American tars' ac
count. Trinidad will keep open house and
the American tars may do about as they
please." They may bathe in the breakers
of the Gulf of Parla, they may enjoy
golf, polo, football or cricket in Queen's
Park, they may watch the races and
'.'play the ponies," or they may make a
trip to wonderful Pitch Lake, the great
asphalt reservoir from which so much
material for paving the streets of New
York has come.
It Is doubtful if his friends at home
will hear from "Jack' on this trip again-
until Admiral Evans' fleet drops anchor
at Rio de Janeiro, where they are due
January 11, to remain until January 21,
and the letters which come from there
should be well worth reading to other
mothers who have no sons with "Mr.
Evans' boats." or to other gials who have
no sweethearts wearing the navy blue,
for they will probabb contain much
about the capital of Brazil, over 350 years
old, with its .beautiful parks, public build
ings and private houses, oddly inter
spersed with structures of great antiquity,
among them the Sah Sebastian Church,
which was built In 1567.
The letters from Punta Arenas will then
tell of passing, from the heat of midsum
mer to the cold of Winter while going
south all the -time, and there will un
doubtedly be a complaint or two about
the country. And there may even be un
kind remarks In the letters about Magel
lan, who nearly 400 years ago discovered
the strait -through which Admiral Evans
plans to take his fleet. For Magellan
strait, although an undoubted aid to navi
gation, is not much to look at. About
310 miles long, the channel through which
Admiral Evans' fleet will pass Is for
the most part only about as wide As the
Hudson River near this city. Chile owns
the land on either side ot the strait what
was part of Patagonia on one side and
Terra del Fuego on the other. The vege
tation on both sides of the great water
way is said to be as scanty as the cloth
ing of the natives, which would barely
permit of their entertainment at a Turk
ish bath In this country.
At Punta Arenas, which 'was formerly
a -convict station for Chile, "Jack" on ois
shore leave will see all sorts of persons.
The Indians, or' native Patagonians, are
great traders; ir fact, they will trade
anything they have, and If Admiral
Evans' ters are keen for bargains, more
than one sister or sweetheart at home
may -be fortunate enough to get a souve
nir of the trip in the shape of a cloak
which the native Patagonians fashion
from the breasts of young ostriches. Or.
the gift may take the form of "an otter
skin wrap from the back of some canni
bal native of Terra del Fuego, "the land
of fire," Just across the strait from
Punta Arenas.
There is a 3000-mile run before the fleet
creased weight of the balloon ahould
It get wet. The desired speed is fixed
at -half' that wanted in the aerodrome,
or 20 miles per hour In still air. Fif
teen per cent of the cost will be added
or subtracted for each mile per hour
made above or below this. The trial
course will be . bet-nun two and five
miles agulnst and with the wind. Fuel
for two hours must- be carried and the
engine must have cooling arrange
ments. There will be three trials for
speed and three for endurance, as in
the case of the aerodromes, and
ascending, descending and maintaining
equilibrium must be regulated by shift
ing weights, movable planes or use of
the balloonets rather than balancing
by the aeronaut. Bidders for this air
ship must accompany "their proposals
with a certified check for 15 per cent
of the cost at the 2o-mile soeed.
General Allen's assistant in prepar
ing for the competition is Captain C.
De F. Chandler, the principal aeronaut
of the army, who recently won the
Lahm cup 'for a long-distance flight
In the army's new balloon. Captain
Chandler's photograph, posed befors
the basket of the balloon In which h
won the cup is published herewith.
' Washington, D. C.
for the Jackies
after leaving Punta Arenas, about Feb
ruary 5, until the next stopping place,
Callao, Peru, Is reached. When the ves
sels cast anchor off that port on Febru
ary IS Admiral Evans' ships will have
covered a total distance of something
like 10,7000 miles. Were the Panama
Canal now built, by passing through It
the fleet could have shortened the. dis
tance to Callao by 7100 miles.
Callao, Is even now preparing for t's
coming of the fleet and so is Lima, nina
miles inland, of which Callao la t. e sea
port. The Peruvians plan to entertain
the fleet in a manner In keeping with ths
reputation for hospitality their nation
enjoys, and so, while persons here at
home are busy trying -o keep warm 09
Washington's birthday, "Jack" will prob
ably be lolling In the shade and sipping
ices and cooling drinks, and perhaps ,..e
rascal may even so far forget ...mselt
as to loll in the shade and sip those cool
ing drinks with one or more of Lima's
fair daughters, for more than one trav
eler has agreed that the women of Lima
are among the most beautiful In - the
world.
There is much else to claim the atten
tion of rhe American sailors in course of
their stay in the capital of Peru, euch as
the old Cathedral, dating back to 1540.
which contains what is reported to be the
skeleton of Pizarro. This grewsome re
minder of the past is contained in a glass
coffin, and in a glass jar at the feet of
the skeleton are brains alleged to have
been those of the great leader.
Perhaps the letters home will contain a
reference to visits paid the building
where inquisitors sat in Judgment upon
their victims many years ago and whera
legislators and their attendant clerks
are now busy working for the upbuilding
of the state. Perhaps there will be a
reference In the letters to a vi-it to tha
plaza where so many were burned at the
stake In the dark days of Peruvian his
tory, or of a trip -along the route which
La Plata, the great viceroy, is said to
have taken when he is said to have rid
den a gold-shod horse with mane and tail
strung with pearls, over a way paved
with Ingots of silver.
But wHether "Jack" writes of these
things or not, it will probably be with
genuine regret that he will turn his back
upon the hospitality of the Peruvians on
or:' about February for on March 14,
when the ships are due to drop annc'.or
in Magdalena Bay, on the coast of Mex
ico, ell thoughts of the pleasures of the
long trip around South America must
give way to strict attention to the worX
of target practice; if he would secure a
place in any of the crack gun crews of
Uncle Sam's Navy. .After practice the
fleet will probably to San Francisco,
and orders received there may take it to
the Philippine Islands or bring It horns
again. New York Tribune.
"Atmoephere."
Mildred Stiprman Kloan.
Th scribe was t-crlhbUnr In his den;,
The air with smoke was denh.
The Ink fair blistered on his Den.
The heat was most intense.
"The Christmas t?tory must be done."
The editor had said.
"And put in type September one."
The Scribe was filled with dread.
He wrote of Yule lots. Christmas trees
And sleds that by us wlriz.
And Ion-ring meanwhile for a breeze.
He drank a large mint fizz. -
' He wrote of dear old Santa Claus
F And all the Christmas Tun;
He fanned himself without a pause
Ths heat was ninety-one.
December first the tale appeared.
And with It cently .d-alli-c.
The careful critics all declared
Twai full ot Christmas feeling.