THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX. PORTLAND, DEGE3IBER 10, .1903.
1
Frederic Haskin Criticizes the
Criticism of Our English Cousins
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ONGKONG. Nov. IS. (Special Cor
respondence of The Sunday Orego
nian.) Considering that the English
have been such severe critics of the
American Government In the Philippines,
I have been looking forward with pleas
urable anticipation to my visit to the
possessions of John Bull. Seeing that
our neighbors are so dissatisfied with
our method of doing things, I wanted to
see wherein wo were wrong if wrong at
all. At the outset It will be well to quote
from one of the London reviewers In
order to give my readers a sample of the
criticism our humble efforts In the Far
East are meeting with.
"The American is new to the Eapt, but
with characteristic audacity announces
his Intention of proving to the European
nations that he alone knows how to han
dle a dependency. From the first tho
American persisted in regarding tho Fili
pinos as a civilized race, and they are
now being given the higher education;
they are' being taught to appreciate the
beauties of the square on the hypothonuse.
to read Emerson, and to understand the
DIngley tariff. The native was forthwith
put on a level with the white man, both
Hoclally and politically, and Filipino po
licemen, armed with revolvers, noon ran
riot In Manila. The Islands arc In a state
of chaos, trade Is decreasing at an alarm
ing rate, and the presence of a strong
military force is all that prevents the
outbreak of another general insurrection.
"A National Passion for Hustling."
"At the present time the two richest
provinces in Luzon, the principal island,
are In revolt, while the whole of Saxnar.
the gem of the archipelago, has been laid
wasto by tho insurgents. In Manila the
tram cars race along the streets Im
peding traffic The white population hur
ries to and fro, restlessly, uselessly, per
spiring and breathless, as though deter
mined to prove that although there Is no
business done, heat and discomfort can
not tame the national passion for hust
ling. The improvements made by the
Americans are blatant and aggressive,- but
superficial. If the flag were hauled down
they would disappear at once, and tho
unchanging East would revert into Its
-usual apathy. A month of this regime
would have shown any other nation its
mistake, but the American authorities
still decline to acknowiedg their error.
The blame lies entirely with their policy,"
This Is a gross misrepresentation of the
case In every count. It would be un
worthy of notice hut for the fact that It Is
tho usual vein In which the average Eng
lish writer treats the subject. In the
first instanco the .American did not an-
1
V
nounce his intention of proving to the
world that he alone knew how to handle
a dependency. Our Government has gone
about its own way of solving Its prob
lem, which is- certainly Its privilege. The
statement that our officials have chal
longed the world in colonial usage Is non
sense. That we Intend to try to benefit a
helpless and benighted race seems to be
nothing short of an affront to our English
cousins. They will see no good at all in
our effort.
A Deliberate Misrepresentation.
We are not giving the Filipinos higher
education. No authority connected with
our educational system In the Island has
ever said any such thing, and no report
has ever contained anything which n!ght
possibly bo construed into such a state
ment. We arc giving them only rudi
mentary courses. Including enough Eng
lish so they may have a common lan
guage, and enough arithmetic bo they can
count money and conduct their affairs.
They are being taught to use tools and
to know the valuo of medicine. No na
tive policemen ever ran riot through the
streets of Manila; In fact, the majority
of the policemen there arc white men.
There is no strong military force In the
Islands. The number of soldiers has been
reduced from 70.000 to 10.000,
There are no Insurgent anywhere in
the Philippines and have not been since
the war. Although there are disturb
ances In several provinces, they are not
In the nature of resistance to the Ameri
can Government. They are merely the
quarrels of religious fanatics- among them
selves. Outlaws havo Infested the moun
tain regions for hundreds of years, hut
aro really less active now than they have
ever been in the history of the Philip
pines. The American policy is In no way
responsible for this trouble and will over
come It In time The Idea of -tram cars
racing along the streets impeding ths
traffic" Is ridiculous on the face of it.
The streetcar system In Manila is the'
"best and most prosperous In all Asia. It
is hauling 1.000.OW passengers a month.
English 'Criticism Unfounded.
If tho English wish to console them
selves by the delusion that the white
population of Manila is "restlessly and
uselessly hurrying to and fro." they aro
welcome to do so. However, the sneer at
our "National passion for hustling" does
not jibe well with the admitted fact that
Yankee competition Is being felt through
out the entire British Empire. If It af
fords them any satisfaction to. pronounce
our Improvements "blatant and aggres
sive" I suppose no dne will deny them
that comfort, although it Is universally
00,
conceded that Yankee engineers and 1
builders have no peers In the world.
Despite the fact that the English persist
in misrepresenting us. I wish to assure
my readers that I will not retaliate in
kind. I am going to tell a straight story
about them. There is nothing to bo
gained by looking at the cause of a com
petitor with prejudice, blinding one's eyes
to the truth. The English have been In
Hongkong about 70 years, and they have
built a modern and substantial city here.
Tho mountains back of the harbor arc
studded with hundreds of beautiful and
commodious residences, which show that
the Englishman has the faculty of sub
tracting comfort from almost any sur
roundings in which he may bo placed.
Hongkong is the natural door to China
and a great business has been built up
hore. The annual tonnage of ships call
ing at Hongkong is greater than any
other port in the world, not barring Lon
don, nor New York. The English were
trading In Canton more than ISO years
ngo. and it would be useless to deny the
credit that Is due them for opening up
this great market.
John Bull Has the "Big Head."
In fact they have splotched the map of
the globe with British red. The world
Indeed owes -much to John Bull for the
sweat and blood he has spent in the
taming of wild lands and savage peoples.
but the world has nevor bad the chance
to forget or evade this obligation. The
Englishman is a prompt collector of all
that is coming to him. and a conceited
braggart about his accomplishments. That
is why ho is so ready to criticise. If a
thing Is not done in the English way It
is Immediately pronounced a failure.
Granting that a Britisher has a record as
a Colonial broncho-buster, it does not
follow that he Is the beginning and the
end of all things colonial; it docs not fol
low that because a certain policy Is not
English It is not feasible. The English
have made mistakes here and there, even
as far back as the lo.s of the American
colony, or their more recent quarrel with
the Boers In South Africa, which cost
them as many pounds as the Philippines
cost us dollars.
One of the most notable differences be
tween Hongkong and Manila pertains
to wages. The American Government pays
0 cents a day for manual labor and the
English Government pays 30after having
been here 70 years the best the English
man will pay the poor devils who do his
drudgery Is less than IS cents a day In
American money- The laboringman In
Hongkong lias to subsist on less than
what the average American spends to
keep a dog. The Englishman wants divi
dends and never raises the price of any
thing except his own commodities, if bo
can avoid it. He has no conception of the
human principle of live and let live.
"Keeping Native in His Place."
And stinginess Is not the worst fault of
the Englishman. It is necessary to re
main in Hongkong only a few davs to
eee what is meant by "keeping tho na
tive In his place." It means that the na
tive has practically no rights at all. and
is cuffed right and left on the slightest
provocation. The testimony of a Chinese
against a white man in the courts does
not count. Not long ago the white boss
of a gang of wharf hands kicked one of
his men In the stomach because he did
not understand some simple order. The
coolie died from the effects of the blow
and the boss was brought Into court.
Although he acknowledged kicking the
laborer, the overseer claimed that he did
Lnot use enough force uwkill him and that
I V.i wmct Von U n. V.. -....
The Judge acquitted him. dismissing the
case with this astounding piece of legal 4
wisdom: I and you not guilty, but here
after be careful how you strike people."
The editor of one of the leading papers
in Hongkong assured me that the rights
of the Chinaman were respected In every
way. yet the instance I refer to. quoting
the exact words of the Judge, was taken
from the files of his paper. ,
The night that Mr. Taft and his party
were In Hongkong a torchlight parade
of the troops was glren for their amuse
ment. Just before I entered the parade
ground a tall Indlaa sauntered slowly
down the street. He was walking In the
middle of the thoroughfare, looking sellh
r to the right sor the left, yet becauee
he temporarily obstructed the path of a
man and woman In evening dress, a sol
dier rushed up and dealt him a stinging
blow from behind. The Indian dropped la
his tracks and was hauled away mortally
wounded. He did not see the couple who
tried to cross his path, nor the soldier
who struck him. He was entirely Inno
cent of any wrongdoing and was clearly
within his rights because he was in the
middle of the street. The brutal assault
his person were unwarranted and
should have been punished.
Uncle Sam Is Humane.
On a half dozen different occasions
In Hongkong (I assure my readers
that I am not exaggerating) I saw
Englishmen viciously kick ricklsha
coolies in the back because they did
not properly understand their orders.
While the ignorance of the coolies was
exasperating, it Is nevertheless true
that the Englishmen were as much to
blame for not understanding Chinese
as the Chinks were for not under
standing English. The greatest ex
ception the English take to the Ameri
can policy Is the Idea of education.
They claim that learning will spoil
any Asiatic and destroy his usefulness.
It has certainly benefited the Japanese,
and time will soon prove what It will
do for the Filipinos. In any event
Uncle Sam is going to give his wards
a chance, -and that Is more than John
Bull has done In Hongkong. The
coolio in this great center of trade Is
treated so harshly and miserly that he
could hardly be worse off If he were a
slave. The English Idea of coloniza
tion here plainly means dividends,
with little or no consideration for toe
people of the land which yields the
profit. If Uncle Sam has too much
concern for the native. John Bull has
not enough, and it Is hotter to err on
the side of humanity than to commit
the opposite fault.
In regard to the manner of doing
businoss. it seems that tho American
CONCERNING THE MAKING OF AN ORDINARY COOK
Using "Left-Overs, " by Miss Lillian E. Tingle, Director Portland School of Domestic Science.
PERHAPS some day in a millennial
future, when every woman knows
what she ought to know about
fooj values and dietary standards, and
practices It; and when every man Is
willing to be guided by reason In his
eating rather than by fad, prejudice or
habit, then perhaps (but only perhaps)
the great Left Overs question will be a
dead Issue. In the meantime it 'daily
confronts the conscientious housewife.
American cooks have the reputation of
being the most wasteful In the world.
Just as the French and Germans have
the reputation of being the most
thrifty. This alleged wastefulness Is
due partly to lack of knowledge and
training among housekeepers and do
mestic workers, partly to, different
standards of living and the fact that
as a rule food material Is cheaper and
time and labor more expensive than in
the old countries; but it is largely the
natural consequence of early condi
tions In this country. Nature Is so
bountiful here that we feel wc are
standing before an inexhaustible treas
ury and that no amount of waste
can make any appreciable difference.
Immigrants arrive with the belief that
this Is the land of plenty and sooner
or later modify their former thrifty
habits. As a recent writer has said:
"Some day Americans as a people may
"become saving; but the fact is at pres
ent they waste about as much as they
utilize. The worst of it Is that In the
matter of food those waste most who
really have the greatest need for econ-
omy. And even where strictest econ
omy 1 not so necessary. extra money
is often spent for food that would be.
better applied to more hygienic sur
roundings, to education and to those
other things that arc included In the
vague term 'higher life." "
The worst kld of waste is sot that
has little to loarn from his neighbor.;
Tho Englishman Is out of date. I met
the manager of a New York house
that had an English firm in Hongkong
as their agents. It was necessary to
send several cable messages each day,
the cost of which was something like
two dollars a word. The code the,
English house used had been In use
for forty years and was both Inac
curate and expensive. The New York
firm had repeatedly insisted on the use
of a simpler code, both for safety and
economy, but the English house had
replied to all requests that their sys
tem had served them for years and
which throws away or falls to utilize i
food materials to the utmost; it is
that which takes into the body unnec
essary or inappropriate food. Profes
son Patten in his "Development of
English Thought" says: "Formerly the
underfed failed to survive; now it is
the overfed among whom the elimina
tion Is taking place. The ideal of health
is to obtain complete nutrition. Over
nutrition as well as undernutrition
weakens the body and subjects it to
evils that make it Incapable of sur
vival. The plethora of food now en
Joyed induces men to cat and drink
more than their systems can stand."
To guard against this kind of waste,
however, calls for more thought and
study than the ordinary woman is
willing to bestow; and the evil must go
on unchecked until she wakes up to
the fact that the knowledge of "the 4 th
R" right living Is of more Import
ance to her and to her family than the
pretty clothes, handsome furniture,
showy "accomplishments." or social
amusements, for which she Is usually
ready to spend time, thought and
money.
And so I coxe back to "the kind of
waste that throws away" and consider
what can be done to check It. The
woman who is trying to get all avail
able nutriment out of her food supplies
should remember that the cost of food
has no close connection with Its food
value. The coat depends upon many
factors, and particularly upon the
amount of time and labor needed for
its production and preparation for the
table. It Is easy to find recipes for
"made over" dishes where the lengthy
treatment, extra materials called for
and final unattractive and perhaps un
hygienic result show clearly that the
truer economy would have been to put
the left over material into tho stove
in the first Instance. But excellent and
1 - -r. r
they did not see the necessity for
changing. Although the American
went to the trouble to figure out his
messages, showing that the new
method would save thousands of dol
lars In a year, his English agents were
obdurate, and as a result the New
York house will soon establish a
branch .of Its own.
Englishman Is Out of Date.
The Englishman was on the ground
first and in the beginning he had his
own way. He took life easy. He left
his office at 3 or 4 o'clock in the after
noon and devoted the rest of the day
wholesome dishes can be produced by
a cook who understands her material
and the principles Involved In the sat
isfactory reheating of It. Here then
aro a few elementary rules:
First In "warming over" meat, try to
avoid subjecting it to direct heat, which
will harden the fibers and make it indi
gestible. Second Supply extra moisture and fla
voring material (to mako up for that it
has lost). In the form of sauce or gravy.
Third Think about its preparation long
enough beforehand to allow for neat cut
ting up., marinading (where necessary)
and the boiling of bones for gravy stock
(If you nave none at hand).
Fourth Use the muscle part only, cut
ting away all gristle, skin and any undue
amount of fat.
Fifth Put the gristle and skin with the
bones in tho stock pot. Keep the excess
of fat for clarifying
Sixth Where a sufficient amount of
neat pieces cannot be obtained, or where
the meat Is tough, pass It through the
mincing machine. Finely divided meat 13
more easily digested than coarsely
chopped meat and absorbs flavoring 'bet
ter. A food chopper can be obtained for
from $1 up, and quickly pays for Itself in
the time. labor and material saved.
Seventh Pay particular attention to tho
neat service and tempting appearance of
any made-over dish. Your object is to
make It look like new material done that
way '"on purpose." A dish that looks
"good enough to eat" will be more eas
ily digested than" a carelessly served, un
attractive one containing the same In
gredients. Eighth Keep on hand a supply of those
little accessories la the way of flavor and
garnish, that cost little and yet mean so
much to the success and ease with which
a dish Is prepared.
Combine fresh vegetables, macaroni,
rice, etc. with your left-over material. In
order to supply what is lacking in each
aa sroduce & "well-balanced ratios."
to some sort of. congenial sport. But
now there Is competition in the Orient.
The German may be seen at his desk
until a lato hour, and the American
nas a KnacK 01 stmpiiiying processor
and saving expenses. The English
man scorns any greater effort than he
has ever made to get business. He
has almost the Chinese aversion to, any
commercial innovation. He goes on
with his clumsy, old-fashioned meth
ods, and keeps up his sports because it
Is English and because he has always
done so. unless ho mends his way, the
plodding: German and the ingenious
Yankee will tako his business away
from Him. This is not said in spite nor
in a spirit of misrepresentation. Ev
erybody in the Orient knows It except
the Englishman, but ho seems to be
too hard-headed and self-centered to
take the hint.
The social customs of the English
are, of course, radically opposed to the
democratic ideas of the American. Tho
present Governor of Hongkong is a
Jew, who was sent out to look, after
the Rothschild interests. When ho
came to Hongkong he gave it out that
inasmuch as he was the personal rep
resentative of the King of England,
when he approached a group of
ladies they must get up and give him
the choice of seats. If some social
leader is giving a dinner and His Ex
cellency decides that it will suit his
convenience to entertain on that same
date, the lady is commanded in the
name of the King to withdraw her in
vitations! At first the people of Hong
kong were inclined, to squirm a little
at such high-handed proceedings, but
the new Governor was obdurate, ami
now tho smart set is ready to dance
when he whistles.
' Alice "Wouldn't Kowtow.
Another royal prerogative which
r,& Tnwfsh finvprnor of Hontrkonsr ex
ercises is to keep his audience waiting
for an hour or so beyond the ap
pointed time at which he Is expected
to appear. When Miss Alice Roosevelt
was in Hongkong she was entertaincl
by His Excellency, and she shocked
the whole English East by refusing
to kivwtow to the exacting representa
tive of the House of Rothschild, even
in the name of the King. Instead of
calling him "His Excellency," she took
her leave by saying, "Ta ta. Gov.", and
went her way with a merry laugh and
a scornful shrug of her democratic
shoulders. While the young- lady from
the White House might have been a
little more considerate of her host,
there Is no doubt but that the average
American when he reads this will say
with all his heart. "Bully for Alice."
The English thought she was "horrid."
It Is merely the difference in the view
point the two peoples hold in regard
to the equality of man.
FREDERIC J. HAS KIN.
Tenth Serve hot things hot and cold
things cold.
This is a list of useful accessories, fla
vorings and garnishes:
Dried bread crumbs, both brown and
white.
Fried or baked croutons.
Toast points, fingers or slices.
Macaroni, spaghetti and- other Italian -paste.
Rice, barley and cornmcal.
Beans of various kinds. -
Shredded wheat.
Pastry.
Potatoes.
Eggs.
Gelatine.
Stock.
Roux.
Caramol. spices, curry powder, Spanish
pepper, paprica, dried herbs, fresh pars
ley, cress, etc.; fresh vegetables of all
kinds, lemons, pickles, anchovy sauce.
Worcestershire or other store sauce, ca
pers, mushrooms (or mushroo powder),
dry grated cheese; tomato conserves,
meat extract, salad dressing.
The most satisfactory dishes come un
der the following heads:
First Salads.
Second Jellied or pressed meats.
Third Croquettes and rissoles.
Fourth PIe3 and patties.
Fifth Hash and savory minces.
Sixth Ragouts and salmis.
Seventh Meat cakes and loaves (baked
or steamed).
Eighth Scalloped and "au gratia"
dishes.
Ninth Creamed dishes.
Tenth Curries.
Eleventh Fritters and kromcskies.
IS Forcemeats and dressing.
The next lesson will give more detailed
Instruction for the preparation of some
of these dishes.
LILIAN E. TINGLE.