JDHE SUNDAY ORBGONIN, PORTLAND, NOVEMBER 3, 1901.
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POHTIiAXD, SUXDA.T, NOVEMBER 3.
ELECTIONS THIS "WEEK.
Elections will be held In many Btates
on Tuesday next. There will be no
great Interest, since the issues will be
of local rather than of general char
acter la Ohio, however, the election
will have a good deal of importance.
A full list of state officials is to be
chosen, together with a Legislature that
will elect a United States Senator, to
succeed Foraker; and this Legislature,
moreover, will rearrange the Congres
sional districts an opportunity worth
perhaps three or four members of Con
gress to one political party or the other,
as one or the other may happen to
control the Legislature.
It was believed, in the Summer, be
fore the campaign had gotten under
way, that the Democrats would surely
win in Ohio this Fall. The Republicans,
in power, were content and little dis
posed to make exertion. Default was
expected on their part, by moat politi
cal observers, and contentions over lo
cal matters seemed to be turning to the
advantage of the Democrats. Political
discussion was suspended for a time
by the murderous attack upon Presi
dent McKinley and by his death short
ly afterward; but this deplorable event
became the means, after the honors
had been paid to the dead, of awaken
ing a new and sympathetic interest in
the purposes and policies for which Mc
Kinley had stood, and the memory of
McKinley hasj given an impulse to po
litical ettort in Ohio which it could not
have been supposed would enter into
the campaign. For, in fact, "William
McKinley was very strongly established
in the good will, and even In the affec
tionate regard, of the people of Ohio,
and desire to honor his memory will be
a positive force in this election, and per
haps In succeeding ones.
In New York and Philadelphia the
local contests are of much Importance.
Citizens are putting forth great effort
to deliver the governments of these
cities "from the domination of corrupt
systems. But the bosses and the sys
tems are so firmly intrenched, have so
vast command of the resources of in
fluence and corruption, that it Is doubt
ful whether the "machine" and the
''gang" in either city will be beaten.
THE "WEIGHTIER, MASTERS OP THE
LAW.
Dean Farrar of Canterbury recently
caused a profound stir in the religious
world by declaring that the Church of
England, if it would avoid a complete
loss of influence over the working
classes, must, through a convocation,
simplify the forms of service used in
the poorer1 parts of great cities, bury
controversies, incense and theological
subtleties, and come close to the people
with its ministrations. He regards it
as & terrible fact that the church is
losing all hold upon the masses. He
thinks that not 5 per cent of the work
men of the United Kingdom attend re
ligious services, and scarcely 1 per cent
join in the services of communion. He
estimates two causes or reasons for
this. First, the prayer-book is unsuited
to the needs and understanding Of the
working classes. Upon the testimony
of earnest laborers in the poor districts
of London he says the services of the
church are too stereotyped, monotonous
and long to attract and hold the atten
tion of these people. In other words,
the language of the prayer-book,
while stately .and beneficial, is not the
language spoken and understood by the
people."
The second cause is the counter at
tractions presented by gambling and
drlnklng-houses. Thpse attractions, he
thinks, can be overcome by a simplifi
cation of church services and the efforts
of strenuous individual reformers con
sumed with enthusiasm for humanity.
This programme follows closely upon
that formulated in all simplicity and
urged with 'enthusiasm for humanity
by one William Booth, and first car
ried out at Mile End, London, on the
Bth of July, 1S55. The plan was to take
the gospel to the haunts of those who
would not seek it in the churches, and
the central idea was to present it in a
manner and in language "spoken and
understood by the people." Judged by
results, this effort has been successful,
and in its 2,500,000 meetings held annu
ally, indoors and out, and through Its
ministrations generally, it reaches a
very large per cent dt the "unchurched
masses," upon whom the church, as de
plored by Dean Farrar, has "lost all
hold."
When this high churchman says "the
church must simplify and eradicate the
things that pall on the workingman
and fail to stir his heart," he suggests
a specific remedy for the condition that
he deplores. And when he adds, "We
must put aside all paltry and minute
points of difference about things of no
Importance in comparison with the wel
fare of mankind, and concentrate upon
the more vital points faith, hope, love
and charity," he preaches from the pul
pit of the Church ofjEngland doctrines
that5have been tenderly voiced' and elo
quently urged by James Martineaii,
William Ellery Channing and Theodore
Parker. The weightier matters of the
law are not "incense and theological
subtleties," but in the gentle graces
that adorn humanity, touch the, hearts
of the people and appeal to their understanding.
WHEN PERSONALITIES ARE PO
TENT. If Low is elected Mayor, of New York
City, it will be due to Justice Jerome,
the candidate for District Attorney,
who is the most eloquent speaker of
the campaign, if the power to make the
most men listen is a test of effective
oratory. But Justice Jerome is not an
orator at all in the sense that Bourke
Cockran is an orator. He makes no
appeal to the imagination, uses no
poetic figures of speech, makes no ap
peal to passion or partisanship; h'e
pleads for the redress and reform of
great public abuses by describing the
abuses distinctly, and above all by
naming fearlessly the man or men
In high places who are responsible for
these abuses. Inevitably Justice Jerome
deals In merciless personalities, with
out fear of any man or favor for any
man, no matter how rich or powerful
he may be. This is the secret of Jus
tive Jerome's success, and without this
kind of moral courage, which is not
afraid to name the man and excoriate
him without mercy, no man ever yet
conducted a successful movement for
reform of public abuses. It is only the
editor who is not afraid to denounce
the public enemy by name; it is only
the orator who is not afraid to point
the slow, unmovlng finger of scorn at
the powerful public robber and say,
"Thou art the man," that ever arrests
the attention of the plain people and
persuades them to organize for the
overthrow of plunderers and parasites.
The trained few can be made to un
derstand pleas forreform In the ab
stract, but the mass of the people can
not be roused to action by vague in
sinuations or glittering generalities
about "corruption," "immorality"; the
plain people insist on object-lessons of
the abuses you would reform; they in
sist on the particular man or men who
are responsible for public abuses being
hung in effigy by you in your speech.
Justice Jerome understands this fact
thoroughly, and hl3 campaign Illus
trates how absolutely indispensable are
bitter, merciless personal arraignment
and denunciation of particular men to
secure a hearing and obtain converts
and earnest workers for your cause. To
illustrate, Justice Jerome says in public
speech that William C. Whitney sup
ports Shepard because the Metropolitan
Railway Company, of which he is pres
ident, wants Shepard and wants Tam
many; he says there are men on the
Supreme Court bench who are but pup
pets of Tammany Hall and of this rail
road company, which Is robbing the
people through franchises that have
been stolen. He Is ready to name these
Judges who owed their place to this
railway company and before whom no
lawyer dares try cases In which that
company Ib involved, Here is an ex
tract from one of Jerome's speeches:
If you want me to follow only those trails
which lead to the house of the harlot or to
the hiding place of the crook and be blind to
the dishonesty of a man who has a social po
sition don't vote for me.
The gift of Andrew Carnegie of $5,500,000.
to this city for libraries was a most generous,
one. But that money might have been bet
ter spent in making sweeter and more whole
some the lives of the men who labor at Home
stead. We are not paupers In this city. We
con afford to pay for all the schools and all
tho libraries that we need. The taxpayers
do not object to the spending of .money so long
as It Is honestly spent and not used to en
rich a bunch of criminals and grafters.
Justice Jerome addressed a meeting
composed of women alone, and bluntly
told them If they wanted to upset a
civic government under which a traffic
In young girls existed, to raise money
for the campaign fund, and the wfimen
raised $32,500. This money was better
sinews of war than a babel of Indignant
speeches and a torrent of sentimental
tears. Justice Jerome sayB: "The city
will not be thoroughly purged until
three-fifths of Richard Croker's friends
are behind the prison bars." These are
bitter personalities, and nobody but a
brave "man dare utter them, for Justice
Jerome not only takes his life in his
hand when he arraigns and defies Tam
many, with Its thousands of ferocious
criminal followers, but he endangers his
political and professional future for the
rest of his days. Rich, powerful men
In both business and politics are repre
sented by Croker, Whitney and Shep
ard; the court Judges animadverted
upon will have a long memory for this
daring lawyer who has nailed them to
the cross of shame.
Justice Jerome may be beaten in his
attempt to upset Tammany, but he will
never be forgotten by either side to this
battle, and never will be forgiven by
the oligarchy of Tammany. Neverthe
less, Justice Jerome could not possibly
hope to win except by the battle tactics
of unqualified personal arraignment and
denunciation by name of the engineers
and corrupt beneficiaries of the Tam
many machine. It is easy for political
dudes and social snobs to denounce
what is termed "a campaign of person
alities," whether waged by a newspaper
or by an evangelist of public reform,
but it is the only way to secure and
retain a hearing. Nobody ever reads a
reform newspaper that speaks in the
tones of a Sunday school gazette; no
body ever listens to a reformer who is
armed with nothing but a popgUn filled
with rosewater. Personalities are the
only kind of reform battle tactics that
public robbers and wreckers dread.
The police, the prosecuting officers, the
Judges, are all held to -their duty by
the knowledge that somebody Is likely
at any moment unexpectedly to turn on
the gas, without warning or apology.
Personalities honestly employed are the
only real potentialities in political or
social reform.
Edward S. Stokes, the slayer of "Jim"
Fisk, is dead. Fisk, who was the fa
mous engineer of the "Black Friday"
gold panic of 1869, and the wrecker
with Jay Gould of the Erie Railroad,
was at the height of his fame when he
was shot and mortally wounded by
Stokes at the New York Hotel, New
York City, In 1872. The motive of
Stokes for killing Flsk was revenge
and fear. Fisk had ruined the business
of Stokes and had threatened to "rail
road him to Sing Sing." This was no
Idle threat In those days, when "Erie
ring" Judges sat on the bench, ready
to execute the will of Gould or Flsk,
and Stokes, in his rage and fear of
Fisk, shot him. Thejte were no wit
nesses present during the encounter
whose testimony could be relied upon,
but Stokes was tried for murder. Dr.
Carnochan testified that Fisk's wound
In the liver was. not necessarily fatal;
that he died of an overdose of morphine
given him by the hotel physician to
quell the pain of the wound. A loaded
pistol was found in Fisk's pocket, and
It was easy to say that when bitter
enemies meet armed with loaded' pis
tols either one IS likely fo draw and at
once continence firing. But Flsk was a
notorious coward, while Stokes was
known to be a most resolute and cour
ageous man, of most dangerous temper
wtien roused to anger. No money was
spared to convict Stokes by Fisk's
friends, and Stokes father was bank
rupted by the expenses of the trials.
There was no moral doubt probably
in the minds of the jury that Stokes
sought Fisk out deliberately and shot
to kill him; but Flsk, it was felt, had
goaded him Into the madness of re
venge, and ao Stokes was convicted
only of manslaughter. After his release
from prison Stokes was proprietor of
the Hoffman House in New York City
for many years.
DISOBEDIENCE OF- ORDERS.
Admiral Schley, of course, never
called for a court of inquiry concern
ing his conduct In the naval operations
around Santiago because of the unwise
and unprincipled warfare that has
raged between the -blatherskite news
paper partisans "on both sides; he called
for a court doubtless In order that his
defense to the official charge that he
disobeyed his orders in withdrawing
before Santiago, because in his judg
ment he could not safely coal at eea,
could be heard and officially judged.
This is the only point at issue that jus
tified a court of inquiry, for it was the
only point of criticism made officially
by the Secretary of the Navy.
Disobedience of orders may, of
course, in the Army or Navy some
times be justified as. necessary, but the
commander Is, of course, expected to
make a good defense for his exercise of
discretion. The great Lord Nelson dis
obeyed orders both at the battle of Cape
St. Vincent and .at Copenhagen with
glorious results. Sir Hyde Parker sig
naled to him to retire from action, but
Nelson put his glass to his blind eye
and claimed he did not see the signal.
Parker was more than two miles off,
and could not see that Nelson could
not afford to retire. Lord Charles Beres
ford was court-martialed in 1882 for
leaving his position before Alexandria
and silencing a certain battery. At the
time of the great hurricane at Samoa
the Captain of a British warship put
out to sea, rode out the gale, and then
sailed to Australia. He was court
martialed for leaving Samoa without
orders, but his action was recognized
as necessary to save his ship. Gen
eral Fitjs John Porter was cashiered for
not obeying General Pope's order to at
tack the enemy August 29, 1862, but the
judgment was ultimately reversed and
Porter was restored to the Army, the
commission of review and Inquiry de
ciding that General Porter was justified
in his failure to obey an order whose
issue was predicated upon the supposi
tion of a military situation which did
not exist by the time the order reached
General Porter. In the six hours that
elapsed between the sending of the or
der to Porter and its receipt by him
Longstreet's whole corps, 30,000 strong,
had arrived In Porter's front. To have
attacked this corps with his 10,000 men
without any support from the rest of
the Union Army meant the useless de
struction of Porter's troops. Naval and
Army history contains numerous cases
of disobedience of orders by command
ers who have ventured to supersede the
Judgment of superior officers by their
Own.
If the decision of Admiral Schley to
disobey his orders had been followed by
the escape of the Spanish squadron, he
probably would have had trouble over
it, but he took the risk of deciding that
he could not safely and effectively coal
at sea, and his application for a court
of Inquiry was to present his official
defense for his technical disobedience
to professional judgment. All the rest
of the matter that has been lugged by
the ears into court is nothing but a rec
ord of the various bickerings and small
Intrigues that have always formed part
of the true inwardness of naval life
since the days of Nelson, whose life is
full of evidence that the British Navy
of his day was divided into factions.
Nelson was kept in retirement for sev
eral years because he was out of favor
with the Admiralty, and, had it not
been for the sudden renewal of war
with France in 1792, the greatest naval
genius in history would have died in
retirement, although he was already
recognized in the navy as the ablest
post-captain in the service.
To the last of his life Nelson was
always In hot water with the British
Admiralty, and was hated by the court.
Nothing but his astonishing abilities
saved him from court-martial and dis
grace. The British Army was full of
the same kind of Intrigues and quar
rels In the days of Wellington that it
has been during the Boer War. The
armies of the Union in our Civil War
were full of the same kind of jealousies
and hates, which survive even to this
day, when a partisan hand writes the
life of General Meade, McClellan or
Thomas. President Lincoln confessed
once that the Insensate bitterness of
this military partisanship obliged him
to continue General McClellan in com
mand after he had become personally
convinced that McClellan "had the
slows" and would never do anything.
Prince Joachim Murat, who died re
cently near Paris, was a grandson of
Napoleon's famous Marshal Murat,
King of Naples, whose son, Napoleon
Luclen Charles, came to America in
1825 and married a daughter of Thomas
Frazler, of Bordentown, N. J. This lady
became the mother of the just deceased
Prince In 1834. Prince Napoleon Murat
and his young son went to France after
the revolution of 1848, and the latter
entered the army. He helonged to the
staff of Napoleon HI in 1863, and be
came General of Brigade in 1870, and
"after the War with Germany retired
from active service. In 1854 he married
a princess of Wagram, who was pre
sumably a dependent of Napoleon's
Marshal Berthler. This Prince Murat Is
the fellow who was engaged to marry
Miss Gwendolln Caldwell, of Louisville,
Ky., in 1889. When it came time to
sign the marriage contract, Miss Cald
well offered to sustain all expenses of
the house, pay all living expense and
make an allowance of $10,000 a year to
the Prince, He grew angry and de
manded that she take the $10,000 a year
and give him the rest of her fortune.
Miss Caldwell refused, the engagement
was broken, and she afterwards mar
ried the Count de. Meronvllle, who did
not need any wedding- portion. The
father of Prince Murat, whose wife sup
ported him by teaching for many years
at Bordentown, N. J.f led a dissolute
life and was a worthless husband. Jp-
seph Bonaparte, Kjngr of Spain, was
another of these Napoleonic exiles who
lived for many years at Bordentown,
N. J. He was an accomplished' man,
but he had several Illegitimate chil
dren by his American mistress before
he returned to France.- Anbther son of
the famous Marshal Murat came to
America In 1821, married a granil-niece
of Washington, and settled in Florida.
He died on his estate near Tallahassee
in 1847 From first to last the French
revolution and the Napoleonic wars
sent jo. good many French exiles to the
Uhlted States, Including; Louis Philippe,
Talleyrand, Generals Moreau, Van
damme and Lefebre-Desnouettea.
THE IMMORTALITY OF NOTORIETY.
The assassin of President McKinley
belongs 'to that class of Illustrious ob
scure people who live In history not
because they have done anything that
was worth doing, but because they have
either wittingly or unwittingly Undone
somebody spoiled a horn la their
clumsy efforts to make a spoon. Fred
erick the Great made a sarcastic re
mark about the mistress )f Louis XV,
and the angry harlot was able to per
suade the King of France to declare
war against Prussia, so that an Impu
dent jest enabled a worthless woman to
make it very "hot" for the greatest
man of his day in Europe, when he
needed friends rather than more ene
mies. As long as Lincoln is remem
bered the name of Wilkes Booth will
be recalled. If Clement, Ravalllac, Ger
ard, Damiens, Felton Fieschl, Orslnl,
Gulteau and Czolg03z had attempted
the lives of ordinary men they would
be lost to history; but they struck at
Princes and statesmen and therefore
theeeobscure assassins have secured
the immortality of infamous notoriety.
Then there is a breed of vain fools
whose inopportune speech endows them
with Immortal notoriety, like Burchard,
whose resonant and rancid rhetoric of
"Rum, Romanism and Rebellion" quite
possibly coBt Blaine the electoral vote
of the State of New York. Burchard
was a kind of clerical Erostratus. He
fired with his torch unwittingly the
Republican Epheslan dome. He shot
an arrow over his house and killed his
brother. He was a vain, pompous man,
who dearly loved to hear the sound of
his own voice. When the Oregon of his
speech was flowing he heard no sound
save its own dashings. His noisy, tact
less tongue destroyed In a few minutes
the fabric of triumphant popularity
that Blaine for years had been fashion
ing into an arch of victory. The pas
sionate desire of poor, vain, fussy
Dr. Burchard to listen to the gurglings
of his own mouth was fatal to his po
litical hero he thought to help. To pass
from persons to things, instances might
be easily multiplied of the course of
great events being controlled by Insig
nificant and seemingly remote causes.
The Saxon Army was drunk the night
before the battle that made the sober
Normans masters of England. Lord
George Germain, in his hurry to join
a party of revelers, forgot to send an
Important order to Sir William Howe,
and Burgoyne's campaign ended in dis
aster. Hampden and Cromwell were
unexpectedly prevented from settling in
New England. The brains of Hampden
remained to organize a great Revolu
tion, and the sword of Cromwell was
retained to shatter the armies of
Charfes I and finally to cut Qff his head.
Napoleon overslept himself at Llgny
and let Blucher escape from ruin. 'Gen
eral Hancock carelessly congratulated
the greenbackers of Maine on their vic
tory and lost the hard-money State of
New York. Henry Clay needlessly of
fended James G. Blrney and lost the
Presidency in 1844 by losing New York
State, when a word from Blrney would
have given him the Liberty party vote.
Blaine's wanton, Insulting speech on
the floor of the House obtained for him
the lifelong enmity of Roscoe Conkling.
Personal hate- of Calhoun rather than
belief in Federal supremacy made An
drew Jackson the foe of nullification.
Tall oaks from little acorns grow, and
great events have seemingly dated from
contemptible causes. For example:
Suppose Bonaparte had not married
Josephine, one of the mistresses of Bar
ras; the command of the army of Italy
would have gone to another aspirant
for command. Events moved so swiftly
In those days that a man utterly with
out money or political influence, like
young Bonaparte, could not have af
forded to wait long for the supreme
command. He obtained it by favorit
ism. It yas the dower that Josephine
brought him In lieu of virtue or money.
Suppose he had had to win in further
battle the supreme command of a -veteran
army that came to him as a gift
at 26. He might have died heroically
leading a division crossing the Rhine,
like Marceau, or fallen trying to stem
defeat, as did Joubert at Novl. Indeed,
the death of Napoleon as late as Maren
go, June 18, 1800, would have left him
historically little more than the bright
exhalation of a meteor, for the career
that was to make Napoleon the most
memorable and permanent political as
well as military figure of modem times
did not begin until after Marengo was
won, and without the peace that was
necessary to enable Napoleon to organ
ize his opportunity and become Em
peror. SOCIALISTS REPUDIATE ANARCH
ISM. The letter of Mr. Folen, repudiating
for true Socialists all sympathy with
anarchism, Is a correct statement of
the present attitude of the Socialist
leaders In Germany, France, Austria
and Italy. In Germany the Socialist
party broke with the extreme revolu
tionists among them In 1891, when the
Erfurt congress expelled the extreme
revolutionary remnant from member
ship and passed a resolution to the
effect that henceforth the Social Demo
cratic party was a political , and parlia
mentary party. Oh this occasion the
great Socialist leader, Liebkne-cht, said:
"Revolutionary methods were the
methods of anarchists, and anarchists
had achieved nothing but the alienat
ing of worklngmen. With their sense
less attempts at assassination they
have done nothing for the proletariat
and have merely worked Into the hands
of their adversaries." The example set
by the German Socialists at Erfurt in,
1891 was followed by those of Austria
and Italy the next year, and by the In
ternational Socialist Congress of Lon
don .in 1896. Belief In Parliamentary
action was made a condition of mem
bership in the last-named congress, and
even believers in revolution by a uni
versal strike were by a very large ma
jority excluded.
The Socialist vote at the elections for
the German Reichstag in 1898 was
2,120,000, or one-third of the whole poll,
and the party returned 57 out of 397
members of the Reichstag. The Social
ist party In Germany now boasts that
they are not only a scientific, but a
practical, party, so much so that the
Socialist leader, Bebel,. says that; they
are supported at the polls by thousands
of voters who are-not technical Social
ists, but believe that the Social Demo
crats constitute the only party ready
to give a little present help and redress
of grievances that are actually oppress
ing them. The policy of the party Is
not shaped by Ideals of scientific So
cialists, but by the wants of the un
converted mass of their followers. The
Socialist leader, Vollmar, In hla speech
at the Stuttgart congress In 1898, de
clared that social reform must precede
social revolution. The German Social
ists no longer urge the doctrine once
taught of the abolishment of the pri
vate ownership of land, as well as, of in
dustrial plants. In the German Empire
there are 3,000,000 small peasant pro
prietors who till their own fields with
their own hands.
The committee of the Socialist, Demo
cratic Congress at Frankfort in 1894,
while It proposed to nationalize the
large estates, recommended that the
peasant should be left in possession of
his property, and that a state bank be
established to take over his mortgages
and charge him the lowest possible rate
of interest. This proposal, while It was
supported by Bebel, was rejected at the
Breslau congress of 1895, but It Is be
lieved that the Sdcial Democrats of
Germany will ultimately occupy the
ground taken In 1894 by the French So
cialists at the Congress of Nante3, who
declared In favor of the perpetuation
of peasant property, saying that Social
ism "had no quarrel with producers
owning their own means, but only with
non-producers owning other people's
means of producing; that the land of
the peasant Is as much the Instrument
of his labor as is the carpenter's plane."
The Social Democrats of Germany are
so practical that they co-operate with
any party that will vote for "supersed
ing in Prussia the present classified
property franchise by universal suf
frage. In France the Socialist vote in 1893
was nearly 840,000. The party has now
thirty-eight seats in the Chamber of
Deputies, and two of the Socialist Dep
uties, Mlllerand and Baudln, are mem
bers of the Cabinet. The vast majority
of French Socialists, like the German
Socialists, are parliamentarians and
ardent social reformers rather than
dogmatic theorists. Mlllerand favors
compulsory arbitration, and ex-MIn-ister
of State Goblet would at
present nationalize no Industries but
banks, mines and railways. Mlllerand
would even go as far as sugar refining,
but draws the line at petroleum. Other
Socialists have proposed to make the
production and sale of alcoholic bever
ages a state monopoly; others favor old
age pensions to every workingman over
60, and 30 cents a day to every unem
ployed workingman. Other Socialists be
lieve In municipalization rather than na
tionalization of industries. In Roubaix
the Socialist Municipal Council reduced
the local entry duty on necessaries and
raised it on luxuries, and thus added
$25,000 a year to the revenue of the
town. In Belgium, at the election of
1898, the Socialists elected 29 Deputies
In a Chamber of 152, and in Italy In 1900
at the Parliamentary election the So
cialist vote was 215,000 and the number
of Deputies was increased from 16 to 34.
In 1901 there were 11 Socialist repre
sentatives in the Austrian Parliament,
in Denmark 9, In Holland 4. There Is
no sympathy between this party of
parliamentary methods and the an
archists, of whom the Socialist Lleb
knecht said: "You could put all the
anarchists in Europe In a pair of police
wagons."
"The Oregonian," says the Vancouver
Register-Democrat, "prints a delinquent
tax list of Multnomah County which
fills 46 columns. There are evidently
a few people over the river who are
not prosperous." It Is no Indication
whatever of lack of prosperity. This
tax list represents only a small pro
portion of the property of the county.
Some people are careless and neglect
to pay when they might and should.
Others hope to "beat" the collection.
Many are non-residents, and had for
gotten that the time to pay had come
round again. "In other cases there is
litigation, or dispute, about property
rights, and the taxes are left unpaid.
As to prosperity, it never was eo gen
eral In Portland and throughout Ore
gon maugre the "accursed gold stand
ard." The recommendation of General Miles
In his annual report that the military
posts throughout the country be put
in excellent shape for troops that are
returned from service beyond the seas
Is humane as well as soldierly. The
men "who have borne the rigors of the
Arctic climate In Alaska and the heat
of the tropics, and under all circum
stances maintained the character of the
American Army," deserve a housing
after their homecoming equal to the
best accommodation in barracks that
la consistent with military discipline.
Turkey has, of course, been obliged to
comply with the demands of France for
prompt payment of the French claims.
If Turkey had plenty of money she
could make a terrible fight, for she
could put a million of excellent soldiers
Into the field; but she has no money to
make war with, and neither Russia
nor Germany will Interfere with
France's collection of her dues.
The fact that there Is smallpox at The
Dalles should Induce caution and not
precipitate alarm. An Intelligent com
munity, or rather a community guarded
by lntelllgen health officers. Is not
panic-stricken by the report of small
pox within its limits. It simply ob
serves the precautions prescribed by
sanitary and medical science and goes
about its business.
President Roosevelt's Thanksgiving
proclamation is a reminder that the
harvest Is past, the Summer Is ended,
and that the Nation, although but now
brought to shame and grief through
the assassination of its Chief Magis
trate, still has an abundance of things
for which Its people may fitly return
thanks.
For the first time In a number of
years hoodlumlsm was held in check in
this city on Halloween night. It is idle
to say that the men of the city cannot
control Us boys. They can If they will,
as this latest demonstration fully
proves.
No vessels, laden, have been, able to
get out over the Astoria bar, yet. Port
land's drawback Is that seaport. The
burden upon her commerce Is the" As
toria bar.
The trial of Schley for the crime of
destroying the Spanish fleet seems to
be nearly ended.
HOME SCIENCE FOR PORTLAND.
Scienco has busied Itself with measur
ing sunbeams; -with photographing what
does not sso the light of day the in
ternal make-up of a living man; with
counting the beats of the mad dance of
molecules in a stone wall; with tracing
the physical relationship between the
colors of tho ranbow and the tones of a
piano; with investigating the generation
of light from a bit of gray radium found
in a Bohemian mine; with studying the
law of correspondence between the shape
of a criminal's ear, and the propensity
to filch and murderj with Imprisoning
the spirit of the Asiatic plague In glycerin-Jelly;
with hunting a child's soul to
Its lair in a bit of protoplasm. With all
these has science concerned itself; but not
until the past decade has It seriously
turned its attention to making the home
of man a decent, wholesome, and habita
ble place to live In.
The era of sourmash bread, greasy po
tato chips, shriveled beefsteaks, and col
icky pies and pates Is on tho wane.
Within the past 10 years the most Im
portant revolution that the world has
ever known has been going on about
us. the revolution of sanitary living, Tho
fight has heen a hard one, and victory
is not yet; for still the deadly ptomaines
lurk In innocent-looking tin Cans; and
oven here in Portland alum baking pow
ders are manufactured wholesale and
emptied Into helpless and unsuspecting
stomachs by restaurateurs and Ignorant
housewives, who have yet to learn that,
in the opinion of certain well-known ex
perts, they are instilling alow poison.
No other civilized nation has let Itself
with such fatal nonchalance to adulter
ations In food supplies. We Americans
are such a hurly-burly people In our
eager rush for making money that we
could hardly spare the time to pause
and reflect that eating is a science and
an art, as well as a business.
As private citizens we have tamely sub
mitted to bo humbugged by unscrupulous
manufacturers and irresponsible grocers.
Without grumbling we have paid milkmen
for bringing us typhoid fever germs In
their milk cans. Every Summer death
Infected Ice cream laid fair women and
strong men in the grave. We bore all
this with unflinching fortitude as the
visitation of an Incomprehensible but all
wise Providence. It was not until tho
full horror of the embalmed beef scandal
of the Spanish War burst upon the Na
tion, that tho Americans were aroused
from their mood of fatal Indifference to
the proper preparation of foods for tho
market. The canned meat poisoner must
go. We would not allow our soldiers,
when fighting for their country, to be
murdered by any other than an enemy
in uniform.
Now that we, as a Nation, have seri
ously set our eyes toward reform, it Is
safe to predict that the next 10 years will
see a rebound from our ancient apathy
such as will surprise the world. During
the past three years a large amount of
Investigation on the subject of food and
nutrition has been carried on In different
parts of the country. The work which
the United States Government Is doing
along this line through the Department
of Agriculture. In co-operation with a con
siderable number of universities and ex
periment stations and scientific experts,
makes, all taken together, probably the
most extensive and thorough Inqulrv of
the kind which has ever been undertaken
In anv part of the world.
This new era Is now to be formally
Inaugurated In Portland by the public
spirited women of this community, who
nre preparing to open a Domestic Science
School. This promises to be the most
perfectly equipped, if not the first school
of its kjnd on the Pacific Coast, for the
far West Is only now beginning to feel
the force of the Impulse toward mora
wholesome and sanitary living, an im
pulse which had its origin in Boston, and
has been fostered and developed by the
various slate agricultural colleges of tho
country- Our own State of Oregon has
had a department of domestic science in
her agricultural college for many years.
and during that time Miss Snell
has done noble work: but ner
Influence has been confined to
farmers' daughters. The needs of a
city, such as Portland, are In many ways
different from those of Isolated farm
houses. San Francisco has quite receni.y
introduced domestic science into her pub
lic school system. Oakland has felt tho
contarlon of her example, and the move
ment bids fair to spread to other parts of
the Crast with lightning rapidity.
That public opinion in Portland Is grad
ually becoming aroused to the Import
ance of this subject, is shown by our
new state food law, and by such expres
sions from the people as have recently
appeared In the columns of this paper
regarding pure milk, the necessity of
having a poultry Inspector, and by the
great Interest shown in the Exposition
Cooking School. Some skeptic has said
that the cooking-schools pay too much
attention to terrapin, and not enoucrh to
plain hash, but It would be hard to prove
this true of the Portland school, whose
plans of organization are now being per
fected. In its courses of study science
is brought to bear with Inexorable per
sistence upon the most vital of all prob
lemsthe practical, everyday affairs of
the household, and the meals of the
common man.
It Is the intention of the board of di
rectors to extend the work as rapidly
as possible, Introducing laundry work,
shirt-waist and skirt-making, dress-making
millinery. Theirs Is no short-sighted
policy, for they have one definite end In
view which ,wlll greatly advance the In
terests of the State of Oregon. A quick
witted woman of practical bent and large
Influence, who, many years ago. experi
mented with great success In preserving"
Oregon fruits winning prizes at State
fairs, and profit enough to assure her of
the feasibility of the scheme Is planning
to Introduce, when the time Is ripe, nn
Industrial department, wherein Oregon
fruits shall be canned and preserved In
such dainty and scientific fashion a3 has
not yet been known In the Northwest.
That there is an excellent field for such
endeavor cannot be disputed. With most
delicious fruits going to waste In our
orchards, such as will lose nothing by
comparison with the much-vaunted Cali
fornia fruits, housewives are yet com
pelled to buy preserved strawberries and
raspberries, cherries and plums, peach
marmalade and blackberry jam. that are
canned In London, England, by Crosse
& Blackwell. There Is absolutoly no ex
cuse for this condition of things. Our
dried fruits and preserves have been ao
carelessly prepared as to make Oregon
notorious for her Incompetent handling
of Nature's choicest gifts. Oregon fruits
nre today being sold In Philadelphia and
New York as California fruit. An Ore
gonian recently had occasion to Inquire
in an Eastern market as to the reason
for this. "It is because Oregon ship
pers are so careless In canning and
packing their fruits that we cannot sell
them, except under the name of Cali
fornia fruit," was the reply. Oregon even
sends her fruit down to California, and
suffers the Ignominy of having It seld
there as California fruit. It is time to
cry "Halt!" to such poor methods of
work. If our fruits are good enough to
pass muster as California products with
an unsuspecting public then they are good
enough to be handled with the science
and the art that can alone placo Oregon
where she rightfully belongs In the front
rank of thi fruit-producing states of
America. This Is one branch of work
which the women of Oregon have in view
The accomplishment of this purpose will
necessarily require years of steady, un
flinching effort, for the Idea Is new-born
and cannot' grow to .strength without
some kindly nursing from the people.
This 13 a3 yet the day of small begin
nings in household science. But with the
loyal support of the people of Oregon, the
Portland School of Domestic Science will
repay all expenditure of energy and good
will by bringing not only increased health
to the community, but the merry cl.nk
of dollars Into the coffers of the state.
GERTRUDE METCALFE.
SfcLNGS AND ARROWS.
' ''ji
Ye Sons of Ye Sape.
Lette now ye ehestyo Heroo who doth strutU
upon ye Stayge.
His Thlrsto for Fayme and Salarye as best ht
mays assuage,
.Let eke ye Bvllle VUllan who doth weare y
savage Frowns
Prepare hlmme for ye Present to go way
back and sltte downe.
And Lette ye star-eyed Heroine of tendex
ycares and Hearfe,
Content her for a Time at leaste to playe a
thinking Parte
For we shall sing of hlmme who is ye greatest
In ye Troupe,
Though be his Nayme unknown to Fayme the
sayme Is he, ye Supe.
Who marcheth forth with Spoare and Shield
and falleth In the Flghte?
Who rlscth up right lnstantlye upon ye self
same Nlghte.
And donning garb of Husbandman besiege ye
Vlllian's Dooro
And for "A cruet, a crust of Breade." full
hungrily implore?
Who soon thereafter robcth him as courtlye
Gentillmanne
And smlleth at ye Ladye. who doth flirt ye
silken Fanne?
Who langulsheth as prisoner, and flyeth soon
ye coope.
Who playe th each and every part? Who but
ye humbel Supe?
When Mobs da most assemblo to heave Brick
bats in ye Aire.
With lHstye Voice and strong Right Arm. ye
Supe is always there.
When Battles rajge upon ye Stayge and
Bloode doth flotve amain.
And Powder Smoke is thick aboute, ye Supe
is there again.
"When Horses rayce and finish to the Plaudits
of the Crowd,
It Is ye aeeents of ye Supe yt swelleth out so
Loude.
"Whatever Scene requireth a Coneourse or a
Grouse.
Ye Stage Director mnye depend upon ye hum
bel Supe.
Oh, prithee, do not think ye Supes be unim
portant Thlnges,
For hath not Klehard Mansfield deigned tc
throw one through ye Wlnges?
Hath not full manyc a Brutus talked In plead
ing Eloquence
To showe ye Supes all yt he had to say in
his Defense?
Hath not Jack FaMtafTe often been right wel
content to Sltte
And please ye tattered Prodigals (all Supes)
with his good Wlite?
Lette not ye Here, Vllll&n, Lorde, thinke he is
ye whole troupe.
No Company may bee complete without ya
humbel Supe
When the Editor Fainted.
"I have here,'' said the long-haired In
dividual, "a Christmas p "
"Oh, don't." sighed the editor, wearily.
"We've get 10 times as many as we can
use. Please leave me In peace."
"All right," ild the visitor, briskly.
"I was going to say that I had a Christ
mas present In the way of five years' back
subscription, but of course If you are so
nell stocked up, I will not leave It." And
tho door closed on him just as the e'dltor
fell heavily to the floor.
Where They Got It.
Here's good luck to bluff Jim Riley,
An' a-hopln that his pen
Will long keep on a-wrltln'
Fur to cheer his feller men.
He's the chap as has provided
All these poets with their atock
O" the fnt upon the punkla
An' the fodder in the shock.
Caught on the Wires.
Paris, Oct. 25. Abdul Hamld, Constan
tlnoDle. Honalre Brozzer: Complaint ees
f make at zees capital zat certalne monees
by you owe for damages ees not yet come
to ze hand. Vat you got to zay?
WALDECK ROSSEAU.
Constantinople, Oct. 26. Waldeck Ros
seau, Paris: Not got de mon. Pay may
be 60 day. France and Turk good friend.
With respect, ABDUL. HAMID.
Paris, Oct. 27. Abdul Hamld, Constanti
nople: Accept my compliment, my dear
brozzer, but cet eez neccssalre for me to
remlne you zat ze money must be pay.
Ze honaire of France eez at ze stake.
Zcre is nozzin to It.
WALDECK ROSSEAU.
Constantinople, Oct. 2S. Waldeck Rcs-
seau. Paris: I get much tire telegram. 1
think you better go to the way back and
finda de seat. ABDUL HAMID.
Paris, Oct. 29. Abdul Hamld, Constanti
nople: Pardonne me, most esteem friend,
but I have ze honalre to remark zat ze
navy of France will be. compel to collect
ze monies eef you do not forward ze
same Immediate.
WALDECK ROSSEAL.
Constantinople, Oct. 29. Waldeck Ros
seau, Paris: No got de mon. I send you
a few wife as Christmas present.
ABDUL HAMID.
Parte, Oct. 30. Abdul Hamld, Constanti
nople: Allow me to romlne you, noble
rulerre, zat von wife ees consldere
enough for zc gentleman of France. 1
have ze honalre to eenrorm you zat zo
navy will' sail to ze Eosphorus tomor
row eef ze money not be pay, and zat ve
shall be oblige to blow our beloved broz
zer of Turkey higher zan ze kite of -M.
Gllderory eef eet be necessalre.
WALDECK ROSSEAU.
Constantinople, Oct. 31. Don't sen ship.
My lingers cross. Pay sure two week.
ABDUL HAMID.
And here the wires went down.
It Jntt-Rcmlnd Us.
Those here Spring days still comes around
Without no kind o' sense or reason.
Tho Autumn leae in on the ground.
But sky and sun are out o' season.
The mornin' sunbeams, soft an warm.
Comes stealln' In at dawn to find us,
AH day. without no sign o storm:
The skies above well, Jest remind us.
Remind us of the golden past
Of meltln wows and op'nln flowers,
Of days we longed for come at last.
Of brooks that sang through happy hours.
Remind ub of the hummln" bird
That once again has gone to nestin.
Remind us of the sounds we heard
When twilight brought the time far restln';
The robin shouting out his glee
Because his weary Journey's ended.
The bluebirds, chlrpln' cheerily
To find their last year's box Is mended.
The crows, that spent the Winter here.
Not always certain sure o" dinln,
A-cawin' loud that all may hear
Because the sun once more's a shlnln.
The thrushes, pourln forth the song
Tho love ' life an' Natur taught 'em
An' then, a North wind comes along
An gruffly says that this is Autumn.
Woll, so It Is; an' Winter's near;
But every day like this that's brlngln
Remembrance of the early year.
With birds come back an flowers sprlngln
Juflt shows us that the spell that's cast
By Spring keeps on a grow In stronger
Though all Its warmth of sun Is past.
And birds and flow'rs are here no longer.
J. J MONTAGUE
Ala.nknn Gold.
Wlnthrop Packard in Youth's Companion.
A million years in the smeltlng-pets
Of the great earth's furnace core
It bubbled and boiled as the old geds tolled
Betorb It was time to pour.
A million ears In the giant molds
Of granite and mlca-schlst
It oooled and lay In the self-same way
That Into their hearts It hissed.
A million years, and the clouda of steam
Were rlvern and lakes and seas;
And the mastodon to his grave had gone
In the coal that once was trees.
Then the Master Molder raised HU hand,
He shattered the gray rock mold
And sprinkled Its core from shore to shoro.
And the dust that fell was gold.