6
THE MORNING OKEGONIAN, MONDAY, AUGUST 19, 1907.
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PORTLAND, MONDAY. AlG. 10, 1907.
MORE STATE RIGHTS.
Governor Hanly, of Indiana, thinks
that the Federal Government is Inclined
to infringe upon the rights of the states
by legislation. So he said the other
day in a Chautauqua lecture -at Elk
hart. His fears are groundless. There
has been much recent complaint of
such, infringement, but it has not coma
from the states. It has come from law
' less corporations which . raised the
senseless cry of state rights to ward
voff Federal legislation directed against
their privilege to plunder. No state
has even hinted of tin infringement
upon its rights by the President and
Congress for the last fifty years.
But half the states in the Union have
complained, and bitterly, too, that their
laws have been violated and their
rights contemned. by the inferior Fed
eral judges. The chances are that the
states know best who has wronged
them, if they Jiave been wronged. It
. is amusing to see how eager the rogues
are to secure to the states rights which
they do not want and to forbid them
the rights that they do want.
Congressman Jenkins, of Wisconsin,
easy that the attitude of North Carolina,
in the late difficulty with Judge Pritch
ard, was defiance of the Nation and
that "it is humiliating that the Nation
has, to some extent, surrendered."
North Carolina did not defy the Nation.
It defied an unscrupulous railroad com
pany backed by an unconstitutional in
junction issued by a judge of meager
discretion. The Nation did not surren
der, but the railroad, did; and the event
may not be without its lesson to other
railroads, with their retinues of Con
gressmen and judges.
It is an excellent thing for them all to
understand that the American people
are determined to be governed by law,
and not by the arbitrary will of any
individual, no matter whether he calls
himself a king, a trust magnate or a
judge. In passing it is well to note
that North Carolina has not. questioned
the authority of the Supreme Court,
though 'Mr. Jenkins implies the con
trary. It3 .whole struggle has been to
bring the controversy speedily before
that tribunal. The amount of twaddle
uttered on both sides of the state rights
question by persons too lazy to inform
themselves of the facts or too preju
diced to tell the truth is amazing. -The
position of North Carolina in- its late
difficulty is thoroughly understood by
the American people, and it has their
approval, though they care nothing for
the doctrinaire's theoretical -"state
rights."
INCREASED COST OF MILK.
. When and where is the present
movement further to Increase the price
of food and other life's necessities going
to stop? Every wage-earner In the Pa
cific Northwest has been asking this
question the past five years. In Port
land, where dairymen announce an ad
vance of 20 per cent in milk to take ef
fect two weeks hence, new. cause for
prevalent -discontent is offered.
No legal remedy suggests itself,
though it is possible that the new anti
trust ordinance passed by 'the City
Council last week may be made to ap
ply in this case. If not, the Council
will render the city a-valuable service
by supplementing the work of the
State Dairy Commissioner in enforcing
most rigid inspection of a food so vital
to Infants and children. Better quality
i is partial compensation for -greater
cost, s
' The milk trust, like the fuel trust,
- has raised prices simply because it is
powerful ' enough by combination to
make the higher rates stick. No one
. of common sense will maintain that it
costs 20 per cent more to produce and
deliver milk than it did six months ago,
or that there is not much larger profit
now at $2.50 per quart per month than
, there was four years ago at $1.50.
; It seems that the meat trust has
: - reached the maximum limit; at least
the price all along the line has been
fixed irrespective of season, supply and
demand, but what Is to be said of but
ter and eggs in this land of plenty,
boosted nigh to midwinter prices, with
steadily upward tendency? And Sum
, mer apples selling for as much as
standard fruit that will keep six
months? And nearly all fruits out of
the average man's reach and vegeta
bles at retail 100 to 500 per cent above
the cost of production? The middlemen
in chorus with the growers answer:
"The people can't help themselves; sock
it to 'em."
And this is the gist of the whole mat
ter. The additional tax on milk to be
levied September 1 and collected
monthly thereafter emphasizes a situa
tion from which escape is difficult If
not impossible. Meantime those of lim
ited incomes can only surmise whence
the next attack on their purse will
come. Then they will ask again, when
is the increasing price of food going
to stop? The perfectly plain answer is,
so long as the public will stand for It,
and keeps on buying.
UQCEDATIOX BCN RIOT.
Any extraordinary circumstance. In
which the physical safety of man is
involved, generally brings on a panic
wherein ordinarily safe and sane men
lose their heads, and not infrequently
plunge wildly to destruction. They
leap from moderate danger on a sink
ing boat to certain death in the sea, or
dash to death from a burning building
long before the last opportunity for
saving them has vanished. By reason
of this unfortunate trait nearly every
disaster is attended by a greater loss
of life than Is warranted by the nature
of the event. It Is the development of
this extreme nervousness and panicky
feeling on other lines, that is responsi
ble for the present financial stringency
in the East. The causes which started
this stringency are many, those most
prominent at this time being the hostil
ities between the Government and the
lav-breaking corporations, the unwar
ranted inflation of securities and the
enormous industrial expansion through
out the land. Ordinarily the latter
would hardly be regarded as an un
favorable factor in the financial situa
tion, but at this time the business in
many quarters has outgrown the
money resources needed- to finance it.
Within the past week, this strained
situation has been intensified by the
telegraphers' strike, which has serious
ly interfered with all kinds of business.
And yet, despite these unfavorable con
ditions, and the fact that Wall Street
has a good large portion of retribution
due for past recklessness in stock spec
ulation and inflation, there are indica
tions that liquidation has gone too far.
The hysterical holders of securities In
their nervousness have aided the pen
dulum In swinging farther downward
than actual conditions demanded. The
stock market lacks support, and good
stable securities have suffered along
with the bad ones under this persistent
hammering of short sellers. If buying
and selling stocks could be conducted
as a separate and distinct branch of
our commercial business, general-trade
might not suffer by these occasional
periods of financial hysteria; but all
business is dependent on ample bank
ing facilities and adequate financial
support.
There are ' thousands and tens of
thousands of legitimate holders of all
kinds of railroad and industrial stocks
that were bought and held for purely
investment purposes. Millions of
shares of these stocks are held by the
banks throughout the United States as
collateral for loans, and, as the de
mands of business crowd the limits of
the banks' ability to suppIyHhem, these
loans on stocks are called and the"
owners are not infrequently forced to
sell. If the bulk of the holdings of any
particular stock is in strong hands,
support is forthcoming, and the heavy
declines arrested; but, whenever pan
icky conditions arise, there appears the
hysterical element which by frenzied
selling aids in forcing prices far below
the actual values.
Money is tight in the East because
there is now lying idle in the treasury
an enormous surplus which has been
collected from the people In the way of
excessive tariff duties on foreign goods.
American tourists visiting Europe in
the first half of the current year have
spent another $100,000,000,, which of
course must be deducted from the bal
ance of trade that stands in our favor,
so long as we are selling Europe more
goods than we are buying from her.
But even with this squandering of
money abroad and keeping it locked up
in the treasury at home the wealth of
our country is Increasing so rapidly
that the present stringency can be only
temporary and will undoubtedly be
confined to . limited portions of the
country. The West could perhaps use
more money to advantage in some
lines, but by the time the settlements
are made for the enormous output of
grain, lumber, fruit, stock, hops and
other commodities of which we make a
specialty, there will be more money in
the country than ever before. Condi
tions in the Northwest are not at air
favorable for hard times, ' and the
threatened trouble In the East will
have no material effect here.
PROGRESS IN CONSULAR REFORM.
Reform in the Consular Service seems
to be making some headway, 'and there
are grounds for hope that the Govern
ment may yet succeed in getting as In
telligent and capable a force of foreign
Consuls a3 the men whom any first
class commercial institution would In
sist on having as foreign representa
tives. As evidence that the time Is
passing when political influence is con
sidered the only tangible qualification
for a foreign Consul, It is noted that,
in a recent examination by the State
Department of fifty-two applicants but
twelve succeeded in getting their names
on the eligible list. The Government
has not yet reached the point In its
disturbance of the sacred political pull
where the bars are thrown down and
applications welcomed from all aspir
ants who may think they are qualified
to represent this country In a foreign
land. The "eligible" material must
still be selected from candidates who
are. named by the Senators and Repre
sentatives and the apportionment is
made according to population.
While the new system has certainly
eliminated from the contest forty-odd
applicants for political favor, the fact
that such Incompetents were given the
opportunity, shows quite clearly that
the distributors of these favors were
not very discriminating or at least
were over-careful about offending the
district leader or the ward boss. The
fact that it now requires any qualifica
tion other than a political pull to se
cure a foreign Consulate shows that
we are making progress, but there is
still room for improvement'. There
should be no limitation on the number
or residence of the applicants. So
long as the system gives Senators or
Representatives selection of these ap
plicants, the field for selection is certain
to be restricted, and some good men
will never have an opportunity to dem
onstrate by examination their true
worth.
There might be a number of admir
able subjects for Consular honors in
some xt the apportionment districts,
but, unless they stood in favor with the
political boss, they would have no op
portunity to demonstrate their fitness
before an examining board. To secure
for the service men of as high a grade
of intelligence and business capacity
as is demanded by private commercial
institutions, it may be necessary for
the Government to pay a higher scale
of salaries. Still it is highly probable
that even the present salaries would
bring out better men, providing they
were given the opportunity to compete
for the positions.
CONFISCATION.
Lively fear is expressed in many
quarters lest the 2-cent passenger rate
laws passed last Winter by many Leg
islatures confiscate the incomes of rail
road stockholders. Whether they will
or not is a question which experience
alone can decide. Reduced fares often
increase traffic so greatly that a profit
appears where a deficit was expected.
It is reported that this has already
happened to the Union Pacific road un
der the 2-cent law In Nebraska.
While the question of confiscation
from this cause is pending, it might be
well enough to take account of some
others which have been active for a
long time and which rob the stockhold
ers of enormous sums. One of these is
the express graft. The express compa
nies are officered and controlled for the
most part by railroad officials and di
rectors. The business which they do
properly belongs to the railroad cor
porations and Its very large profits
should go to the railroad stockholders.
They do not, however. They are di
verted to the grafting officials who thus
betray their trust and confiscate the
property of those whom they are sup
posed to serve. In all other countries
but America the express business is
done by the railroad companies. The
result is cheaper service to the public
and larger dividends to the stockholders.
Why is it not in order for somebody
to sue out an injunction forbidding the"
express companies to pursue their pol
icy of confiscation further?
Railroad stockholders are also robbed
by the private car companies and by
the sleeping-car monopolies. All the
business which these greedy cormorants
have devoured belongs legitimately to
the railroad corporations. They are
parasites living and Waxing fat on
profits which belong to the "widows
and orphans" who own railroad stock.
They suck the blood of the transporta
tion business, which pines like a lousy
steer while they grow sleek.
With the graft of these parasitic cor
porations cut off, railroad rates might
be reduced to a fair level, both for
freight and passengers, without unrea
sonably lowering the Incomes of stock
holders. Why do we hear nothing
about this great and urgently needed
reform from those erudite economists
who display such deep solicitude for
the welfare of railroad investments in
other directions?
INTERNAL COMBUSTION.
It is said by experts that the internal
combustion engine bids fair to displace
the coal-buming 6team engine in man
ufactures and transportation. It is
also said that the change would save
some $200,000,000 of the annual sum now
spent for coal, to say nothing of the
cleanliness and comfort which would
accrue to city dwellers and travelers.
The Internal combustion engine makes
no smoke and produces little odor. It
leaves behind no trail of foul gas and
irritating cinders, while, according to
the accounts, it develops power more
economically than any of Its predeces
sors. For fuel It may use either gaso
line or alcohol, or indeed any other sub
stance which is transformed into a
combustible gas at comparatively low
temperatures. The gas, once gener
ated, is mixed with air, and the active
power comes from the explosion of the
mixture. The force of the explosion
propels the piston much on the same
principle as the expansion of steam.
Of course if one is in a situation to em
ploy gas already " generated he can
make still further savings. The en
gine may be connected directly witfi
city mains when these are available;
otherwise gas must be generated as it
is needed.
Internal combustion engines have al
ready been introduced upon all trains
entering New York from the North.
"Within a few years," says The Inde
pendent editorially, "there will be no
coal-burning locomotives engaged in
the passenger service between New
Tork and either Boston or Albany. Of
course the innovation, as soon as its
practicability and economy are as
sured, .will rapidly extend. We shall1
have gasoline trains running between
New Tork and Chicago and it requires
but little stretch of the imagination to
see them running smoothly and smoke
lessly upon the transcontinental roads.
The common belief, which prevailed
a few years ago, that electricity would
be the motive power of the future
seems to have been mistaken. In pro
ducing electric energy a large fraction
of the potential value of the fuel is
wasted and scientists entertain little
hope that this difficulty can ever be
remedied to any great extent. It - is
this unavoidable waste, combined with
the difficulties of electric transmission,
which makes electric light so compara
tively costly. Of course where water
power is available, as it is almost
everywhere In Oregon, electricity may
compete successfully with the Internal
combustion engine, but not elsewhere.
It has been proposed toy far-seeing
economists that states like Oregon,
which have been .providentially en
dowed with abundant water-power,
should reserve it to the public under
the sovereign right of eminent domain,
instead of permitting it to be grabbed
by private interests. This would
serve to keep the price of gasoline
within decent limits as Its use extends
with the adoption of the Internal com
bustion engine. The law permitting
the unrestricted manufacture of de
natured alcohol will tend to the same
beneficent end. Having foolishly al
lowed the sources of gasoline to be
monopolized by a trust we must now
resort to such partial remedies as we
can devise. '
In this connection the enormous
value appears of the President's efforts
to preserve for public benefit such
fragments of our national coal deposits
as have not been forever lost. The
probable future of this coal is, not to
be consumed in furnaces and locomo
tives, but to be transformed into gas
for Internal combustion engines. The
saving would of course be twofold.
Not only would the present waste in
smoke and so on be eliminated, but
there would be an enormous economy
in transportation. Nobody knows ac
curately as yet how far gas can be
transported in pipes. But It seems
likely that in a future not very remote
coal will be made into gas at the mines
and the product will be piped to con
sumers, perhaps hundreds of miles
away. Perhaps in this way the pipe
lines of the Standard Oil Company may
be put to a still better use than the
transportation of petroleum. There Is
a waste even in burning petroleum by
the common method. Part of it goes
up in smoke. It would be better first
to generate gas from it.
According to all accounts the internal
combustion engine, which has secured
the triumph of the automobile, is slow
ly but surely effecting a transforma
tion in industry not less striking than
that which was accomplished by the
steam engine. . .
. The announcement that the old Amer
ican ship Henry Vlllard has been char
tered to load Australian coal for this
market is turning suddenly a leaf from
the past. It may be. hoped that the old
craft, whose' name recalls memories of
the boom here of a quarter of a century
ago, with its attendant features of
"last-spike driving" on the Northern
Pacific, the foundation building of the
Portland Hotel, which for years ,was
known as the "Villard ruins"; the be
stowal of funds for the erection of Vil
lard Hall in connection with the State
University at Eugene, etc., etc., will
prove seaworthy and bring her cargo
safely into port at a time when coal
is needed.
When a vessel drawing twenty-one
feet of water gets hard aground in the
Columbia River while vessels drawing
twenty-four feet pass up and down
without delay or difficulty, the trouble
is not chargeable to the condition of
the channel. For this reason the
grounding of the French bark "Vin
cennes, a few miles below Portland,
should be rigidly investigated and the
blame for the trouble fixed. The Port
of Portland has spent a large sum of
money deepening the river and the ad
vantages accruing from this work,
should not be negatived by, the care
lessness of the men handling the ships.
Rainier Beach, a portion of King
County, and in consequence eligible to
admission to Seattle's city limits, was
"taken in" Saturday by a majority of
33 out of 350 votes cast. The numerical
strength of the latest addition, as in
dicated by the vote, would seem to
warrant Seattle in increasing her popu
lation figures by about. 35,000". Sno
qualmie and Eunumclaw ,are still out
side the Seattle city limits, and It is
believed that Vashon Island will es
cape for another year at least.
Poor old 'Frisco is certainly getting
more than her share of trouble. With
the horror of the earthquake not yet
forgotten, came the disgraceful graft
exposures, and for months the work of
reconstruction has been hampered by
labor troubles. "Now comes the bu
bonic plague. Fortunately a city that
has been nerved up to survive the
earthquake and fire and the Schmitz
regime, can regard this latest afflic
tion as only moderate:
Newest use of the automobile, ac
cording to a French scientist, is to cure
anaemia. .. For this discovery he is
richly entitled to an honorarium from
foreign as well as American motorcar
makers. So far as the public is con
cerned the novel remedy is not an un
mixed blessing; auto rides tend to
anaemia of the purse.
A couple In Illinois were married in a
lion's cage a few days ago. If the
affair had been pulled off in Pittsburg,
or even New York, It might have at
tracted more attention. The divorce
records of those two asylums for matri
monial misfits are sufficiently .terrify
ing ,to require courage of a high order
on the part of the victims.
In line with active twentieth-century
reform, Portland Lodge, Ancient Or
der of Hibernians, has adopted a reso
lution against "treating" in saloons.
If every secret organization In the land
should make and carry out a similar
resolve, ninety per cent Of the whisky
evil will be removed.
Among the various causes that have
been mentioned as contributing to the
advance In the price of milk, it might
be noted that the water board Is insist
ing on -the use of meters by some con
sumers where it is believed more water
is used than Is absolutely necessary.
It was an oversight of the Pacific
Coast lumbermen not to invite Hill and
Harrlman to the banquet Saturday
night. In any economic contention,
the defendants ought to be permitted
to get the plaintiffs' side at first hand.
Mr. Bryan, too, lets the Japanese
know that we are not hunting trouble
with anybody. All they have to do is
to behave themselves and not get mad
when some of our hoodlums don't do
ditto.
Tom Richardson should be made an
active member at the meeting of the
State Press Association. . His optimis
tic letters do duty in desiccated form
on many editorial pages In Oregon.
There is really no excuse for James
town. Some of those F. F. V. Ex
position promoters ought to have come
out here two years ago, and learned
how to run a fair.
While the Jamestown Fair may not
go into the hands of a receiver, Secre
tary Cortelyou is going to send a man
there to receive the gate receipts.
The appearance of the comet Just at
this Juncture would seem to Indicate
that some Irreverent striker had pulled
out a plug from the solar system.
Secretary Taft may confidently fig
ure on an "audience" of 80,000,000 for
his scheduled speech tonight, provided
the wires are working.
; A hundred years since Fulton first
split the waters of the Hudson! Real
ly, it doesn't seem so long ago, but
time does fly.
Let us hope that Taf t's speech at Co
lumbus tonight will not be too heavy
for the crirpled press wires to carry.
The report the Portland Gas Com
pany makes to its stockholders will be
different. ' - " .
Portland won yesterday. Well, Port
land can't lose every day.
MAINTAINING POLITICAL PARTIES.
Call From Eastern Oregon for Repub
lican State Convention. -
Harney County News.
If the intention of the primary law is to
destroy political party organization, then
It was conceived in fraud and born of in
iquity, for It declares upon its face the
very opposite. Not only that, but if its
effect Is found to be a destruction of polit
ical party organization. It should be con
sidered a menace to our form of govern
ment and an Instrument for its ultimate
destruction, for we firmly believe the
safety and perpetuation of our republican
form of government will depend upon
well-balanced party organization, with
declarations and platforms indicating the
policies to be pursued in National affairs.
A party organization, to mean anything,
must have harmony of purpose permeat
ing all its parts; must be based upon cer
tain principles by which a large majority
of its members are cemented in a common
belief. This rule governs lrr every organ
ization in which humanity is Joined
whether for business, for -pleasure, for
fraternity, for religion or for any other
mutual purpose. All such organizations
have their annual, biennial or other peri
odical conference, convention, synod or
conclave, at which the business and rules
of action thereof are discussed, consid
ered, altered or amended as occasion may
require, and without such meetings the
organization would soon go to pieces.
The Democratic party In Oregon recog
nized the wisdom and necessity of such
convention and conference, though its,
gathering was in no sense representative,
but was composed of Its few dictators; yet
its prophets raise ( their hands -in holy
horror of the thought or suggestion of a
Republican 'convention. Why? Is it feared
that the result would be a recementing of
the scattered forces, a gathering back of
the men who have been led astray the
past few year's, and a consequent disap
pearance of all hope for -future Demo
cratic success? Most certainly! The
anxiety of Democracy for the public good
is measured entirely by its greed for of
fice, and nothing is worthy of approval
Which denies that greed, nor is there any
thing unworthy which tends to satisfy it.
The Republicans of Oregon, as members
of one family, must awaken to the situ
ation and take an account of stock. A
state convention should be field, as thor
oughly representative as possible, for the
purpose of agreeing upon a declaration of
principles, strongly courageous upon all
questions of state and National policy,
honest, candid and unequivocal, and let
the test of each man's candidacy before
the primaries in all parts of the state be
his loyalty to those principles.
Good for Any Color.
Portland Advocate, Colored.
There is a Just cause for some of the
complaints which are being registered by
some of the employes against some of
our race. Too many of them cannot be
depended upon, for they are untrust
worthy and unreliable. The above are
some of the charges brought against them,
which in many cases are true. The habit
of working two or three days in a week,
and one or two wetks in a month ought
to be cut out, and learn the habit of
sticking to your work. This must be
done if we wish to check the rapidly
growing sentiment in favor of the Chinese
and Japanese as domestics, janitors and
porters. We do not mean to say that
there are not among us reliable. Indus
trious and steady workers,, but never
theless, it is a fact that there are quite
a few who are too indolent and lazy to
work for a living, and Is a source of
much trouble and annoyance and tends
to keep those who would go upwards
from advancing.
Livestock In Ilnbbltvllle.
The Dalles Optimist.
Hogs likewise do well hear. In factTt
is a grate country for hogs. They are
our most valluable assett. They run at
large and keep the streets clean and live
off of what fokes throws away. We now
have two hogs in town, not to mention
some, of the kind with only two legs,
what live mostly on perscrlptlons. But
evvery town has them so that Is not
news to enny one. And other live stock
does well here, especially dogs. We have
some 40 dogs in town, and they are all
doing well, being always helthy with
plenty of flees onto em. We don't gess
enny dog ewer reely prospered without
flees, and as our dogs has more flees
than enny other dogs why our dogs
prospers more than enny other dogs.
Ministerial Mishap.
McMinnville Telephone-Register.
Rev. Mr. Williams met wHh quite a
mishap last Wednesday morning as he
started to the "train -with his suitcase
snugly packed with fresh eggs, when in
some unknown way the case received a
Jolt that caused a mixture of eggs,
clothing, reading matter, etc. As the train
was not on time Mr. Williams soon got
things straightened out and went on his
way rejoicing.
Vegetarians.
Louisville Courler-J-urnal.
The vegetarians who are booming Mr.
Lafollette because he eats flaked oats
for breakfast ought to know that Early
Bird Cannon takes a slug of sour
mashed corn every morning before he
thinks of breakfast.
Celebrates Her 101st Birthday.
Pittsburg Dispatch.
Mrs. Elizabeth Shoemocker, who lives on
a farm near Sabula, Pa., celebrated her
101st birthday by receiving a large number
of friends. Her health is good.
One Record In Catching; Bass.
Pittsburg Dispatch.
David Clark,-of Easton, Pa., Bays he
caught a bass In the Delaware River that
was 19H inches long and weighed 4V4
pounds.
Death in A Baseball Throw.
' Philadelphia Record.
Dr. Manvllle Phillips, a physician, was
struck over the heart while playing base
ball at Erie, Pa., and Instantly killed.
s t
Subway Ballads.
The great subway system of New
York Is a thing of interest to more
people than the denizens of that city;
tor everybody who visits New York
has occasion to use the subway. The
press of the - city teems continually
with complaints about It, which some
times take the form of ballads. Here
Is one from the , Evening Mall:
I remember, I remember,
Tbe subway's primal plans.
And how the blue prints said the air
Would sootf be cooled by fans;
They never came a wink too soon
In fact, as I recall
The ventilation of the place,
. They did not come at all.
' I remember, I remember.
The tales they used to tell;
The pipe dreams of the trolley cars,
Th' Utopia of the L,
How Belmont said the sub. express
Would be the one best bet.
With "Seats for every one," his cry
But we are standing yet.
I remember, I remember.
How troubles were to end.
How all the transit evils were
Immejitly to mend. '
It was a childish Ignorance
But now 'tis little joy
To know I'm Just as far from Harlem
As when I was a boy.
SAINT-GAUDENS LIFE AND WORK
What One American Genius Believed In
Sculpture.
New York Evening Post.
Saint-Gaudens' death brings no fuller
recognition than had been shown in his
lifetime of the fact that he was as
fine an example of the pure artistic
genius as America has yet produced.
Medals have been given him at art ex
hibitions as In a classby himself; and
they but expressed the opinion of the
judicious. Curious analysts of the
flower of genius have speculated on
what he owed to his mixed Fre-nch and
Irish descent. Much, undoubtedly; but
he owed more to the capacity for taking
infinite pains.
Saint-Gaudens' work in heroic por
traiturein a sense is his most impor
tant. In it he met and mastered tech
nical problems on a large scale, and
made it express to a degree unequalled
in American art a noble and profoundly
historical spirit - His Deacon Chapin Is,
of course, as. Indeed, Is his portrait of
Governor Randall, an Imaginary por
trait. Yet his "Deacon" is at once the
effigy of an individual and the symbol
of a sect It remains our greatest
artistic expression of Puritanism. In
his five great monuments to heroes of
the Civil War, Saint-Gaudens faced the
even more difficult problem of convey
ing through actual portraits of great
men the spirit of the- historical move
ment in which they lived and acted.
With actual portraiture he faced, too,
the problem of the artistic and heroic
treatment of modern dress; and the
masterly generalization which neither
evades nor emphasizes the costume in
the statue of Lincoln, gives the meas
ure of his 'success in this respect. The
masterpiece of this group of Saint
Gaudens' work is the equestrian
statue of Sherman; and the Lincoln,
though a less cor plicated artistic
problem, can hardly be called second
in simple directness and nobility-of ex
pression. These monuments of the
Civil War epitomize the spirit of that
struggle through single human figures
dramatically, profoundly and compre
hensively, with complete freedom from
anything like rhetoric or sentimental
ity, and with an energy of Inspiration
that makes it impossible -j think of
them with the thousands of banal
statues to soldiers which take the Joy
of living out of our parks. The statue
of Sherman is considered by a well
known artist and critic as the third
greatest equestrian statue in the world.
Saint-Gaudens derived from . the
Renaissance, but in no imitative way.
He appropriated the means and forms
of the sculpture of that period because
they lent themselves more completely
to the expression of his special modern
American spirit. He saw personalities
and their historical significance from
an individual point of view. He pos
sessed nobility of imagination and per
fecton of technical equipment to a de
gree unrivalled among American sculp
tors. What he lacks. If one compares
him with the greatest. Is spontaniety.
His manner, though without eccentric
ity indeed In regard to eccentricity
the leaning is the other way impresses
one as a learned, though completely
individualized style, and one can detect
the style at times apart from the sub
ject. It is never quite free from self
consclousness it adapts the subject to
itself. But the style, w;lth all Its
learning. Is always consonant with the
exalted spirit of the work. The self
consciousness Is never the self-consciousness
of rhetoric. No taint of af
fection mars the nobility and sim
plicity, however Involved, of the ap
peal. The naturalness is thought out,
but for all that It gives the most au
thentic, manly and individual expres
sion of noble themes that American
sculpture possesses.
Lord Eldon's Apology.
London Tit-Bits.
When John Scott (Lord Bldon) was at
the bar he was remarkable for the sang
froid with which he treated the Judges.
On one occasion a junior counsel, on
hearing their lordships give judgment
against his client, exclaimed that "he
was surprised at such a decision." This
was construed into contempt of court,
and he was ordered to attend at the
court next morning. Fearful of the con
sequences, he consulted his friend John
Scott, who told him to be perfectly at
ease, for he would apologize for him in
a way that would avert any unpleasant
result. Accordingly, when the name of
the delinquent was called, 7ohn rose and
coolly addressed the assembled tribunal;
"I am very sorry, my Lorus, mat my
young friend has so far forgotten him
self as to treat your honorable Lench
with disrespect. He Is extremely peni
tent, and you wilkindly ascribe his un
intentional insult to ignorance. You
must see at once that it did originate
in that. He said he was surprised at the
decision of your lordships. Now, if he
had not been very Ignorant of what
takes place at this court every day had
he known you but half as long as I
have he would not be surprised, at any
thing you did."
Prices Are Illsrh at Carlsbad.
Carlsbad Cable Dispatch in New York
Herald.
Following the Influx of many visitors,
here, Carlsbad Is lauded as a beautiful
place and great health center, but, say
the visitors, Carlsbad merchants, shop
keepers and doctors ought not to kill the
goose that lays such lovely golden eggs
during two short months of the year. A
very well known American, who comes
here every year, said:
"We Americans are willing to pay fair
prices, even high prices, but we ought
not to be robbed. That many of us
may be able to pay an exorbitant price
Is no reason why we should pay it. If
Carlsbad's shopkeepers and tradesmen
of all kinds continue their present meth
ods, they will injure Carlsbad's good
name and drive people away."
VACATION DAYS
THE WANING OF BRYANISM.
Observations of Varying; Interest From
'Differing; Points of View.
Binghamton Press. ;
The tone of the Southern press is dis
tinctly unfriendly to Mr. Bryan. Many
newspapers still support him, but many
also seem to have turned from the once
popular Idol.
It Is strange to note the reasons given
by some of the Southern newspapers for
refusing to support Mr. Bryan. Mr.
Bryan's abandonment of the Government
ownership issue has caused him to be
called a wabbler. The very newspapers
which criticised him for advocating Gov
ernment ownership now criticise him for
letting go of that issue. They are ap
parently willing to find fault with him
whatever he does.
Mr. Bryan, is unfortunate in that he has
too many injudicious friends. His enemies
cannot hurt him very much, but he has
friends who persist in doinpr things which
make him appear to take back water. It
Is almost as easy to be killed, politically
speaking, by your friends as by your
enemies sometimes -easier.
Washington Post.
The outcome of the Mississippi contest
is somewhat signiflcent In its relation to
the National Democratic situation. It
verifies to some extent the opinions of
Senator Bacon and other Southerners
who believe that conservatism and not
radicalism should rule the party and
select its nominee for President, Mr. Wil
liams is not an enthusiastic Bryan sup
porter, while Governor Vardaman was
as frjintlc in his championship o Bryan
as he was in all other directions. The
Senator elect from Mississippi will wield
great influence in the next Democratic
National convention, not only because of
his new position, but through his ac
quaintance with Southern leaders. His
word may determine the character of the
platform, and it may even decide the fate
of Mr. Bryan. In this respect, as well as
In respect to the Democratic attitude in
the Senate, Democrats throughout the
country will rejoice that Mississippi has
chosen the way of conservatism and old
fashioned Democracy.
Louisville Courier-Journal.
Scarcely a year ago to be exact, August
30, 1906 Mr. .Bryan on his return from a
tour around the world made a notable
speech at Madison Square Garden in New
York City. In that speech he elaborated
a plan for the Governmental ownership of
the railways. Thoughtful Democrats, who
had hoped to behold once more a united
party and to hall a leader risen at last
to the majesty of his opportunity, stood
aghast. Can Mr. Bfyan now think that
breaking of ground so new and strange,
in point of fact so revolutionary and
startling, a wise thing for him to have
done? Can he believe that It increased
his popularity and added to his avail
ability? Blse why, after ten months of
consideration and reflection, must he
qualify the declaration made with such
elaboration and defiance by telling us that
"there is no desire anywhere to make
Government ownership an issue in 1908."
when neither he nor the party can escape
that fatal speech of 1906?
Philadelphia Record.
If there be any way out of the wilder
ness where the Democratic party now
finds Itself clipped and' entangled, the
Democracy of the South must guide us
where to find It.
An Odd "Ad."
Washington Star.
' Nothing succeeds like' perseverance,"
said Mark Twain at a dinner. "When
the luck seems most against us, then
we should work and hope hardest of all.
In moments of discouragement, let us re
member my old friend, Henry Plumley,
of Virginia City.
"Henry Plumley ran a collar factory.
Times' were reputed to be hard with
him. When his factory, which was very
heavily Insured, burned down there was
every Indication that he had. set the place
on "tire himself In order - get the insur
ance money, 'Virginia city was the soul
of honor in those days. Shocked beyond
words, it rose en masse, seizeu Henry
Plumley, pot a halter around his neck and
lynched him.
"But he did not die. The snerlft ar
rived and Cut him down In time. He was
tried and found guilty and served a term
In Jail.
"On his release you wouldn't have
thought that he'd return to Virginia
City again, eh? He did, though. Ha
came back, reopened his collar factory
and prospered.
"What gave him his tcp.rt was the odd
advertisement with which he announced
bis leturn to business among us. Pre
ceded by a brass band, Henry, in a great
gilt chariot, burst upon our streets. He sat
on a kind of golden throne, a:.d he "held
on a crimson cushion in his lap, an old,,
old collar. Above the collar, on a crim
son banner, waved this inscription in
huge letters of gold:
" 'This is the collar '.re wore when wa
were lynched. It save- our life. Be
wise In time and use no other. t a..
retailers, 10 cents apiece, three for a
quarter.' "
Happiness for Klamath.
Klamath Falls Express.
Henry Smith, the blind merchant of
Keno, was made happy by the receipt of
the news that his blind wife had given
birth to a girl baby on August 3 at a
hospital In Portland. The baby can see
all right.
A Summer School. ,
New Yprk Sun.
Our first parents had just tasted of the
tree of knowledge.
"No," they cried, "these garden spots
with lecture courses are no good."
They permanently soured on Chautau
quas. ON THE WIRE
ll
-From the Chicago Inter-Ocean.
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