THE J1UKMAI'. OKEGUMA5, - MOMJAV, AFKIli XV, liK)7.
PORTLAND'S ROSE GARDENS AND VELVET LAWNS
. i
Native Shrubs Are
Used With Good
Effect in the Laying
Out of Grounds
How One Woman
Succeeded in Mak
ingHomeAttractive People at the Next
Election Will Vote
on $1,000,000 Bond
Issue for Parks
and Boulevards
Possibilities of the
Plan Are Great.
. : . - -r
,:r
Mrs. A. B. Manley.
WHAT shall I have? "Where shall 1
plant It? What shall I do wth the
curb? Leave it for the city to jie
Ieet or shall I beautify it myself? These
were questions that I had to decide -when
I found myself In possession of a' yard.'
After some observation I decided that a
few features well attended are far prefer
able to a yard so full of shrubbery that
the passer-by does not know what the
yard contains. A
hundred - foot front
with a sloping bank
will Rive room for a
few choice shrubs,
artistically arranged,
with green lawn In
the foreground, white
clover preferred, with
perhaps a bed of
geranl u m s , h y a -cinths
or crocuses to
relieve the monotony
and a choice variety
of roses on the curb.
If one has a fond
ness for climbing
vines or roses, which
Mm. A. B. Mauley.
grow very rapidly In our soil and climate,
then X would suggest a corner of the
yard and place them on a trellis or arbor.
If the latter then a rustic seat could be
placed beneath it.
Having decided what effect I wanted to
bring out In my front yard, and my back
yard also, I started in to work out Ideas
systematically to produce a harmonious
erfec-t. I am opposed to the practice of
so many people of Portland in whose
, yards I have noticed the indiscriminate
massing of roses and other flowers with
out system, and without object to be
gained. We all know what an over
dressed person is. for we have seen many
of both sexes. We all have seen pictures
that are a jumble of yellow and blazing
Ted. Both the overdressed person and the
sandy picture are offensive and give no
Impression of real beauty or refinement.
.Being an amateur I proceeded carefully.
First. I wanted a holly hedge extending
from one side of my house to the street
linn. I ascertained that it would grow
five feet in about three years. There
are, I understand, but few holly hedges
in Portland because of .the tendency, I
suppose, to grow the holly in tree form
anrl also because the shrub invites van
dals at Christmas time with its dainty
led berries and shining leaves. But I
have ny holly hedge well started and It
is doing splendidly. I set out this holly
hedge because of the cool effect it has,
ween from the street, and because it
forms a secluded nook back of It for the
hammock. Anyone can grow the holly
hedge in this way. It requires the usual
amount of fertilization and attention, but
is by no means difficult to grow success
1 fully In any yard. 1 strongly recommend
It to Portland people.
Next, in order to represent Oregon
shrubbery. 1 planted Oregon grape well
back from the front but visible from the
street. Not many people In Portland seem
to be aware that Oregon grape can be
used successfully in yard decoration, yet
It can be. and to my mind, nothing is
more effective. The roots of both the
tree and the dwarf variety can be secured
In the woods around Portland. At the
home of Walter Barrell, on Hawthorne
avenue, can be seen on a larger scale
than I have attempted what can be done
with Oregon grape. In the ordinary
yard. SOxlOO or 100x100. a bed five or ten
feet square is sufficient.
Another Oregon shrub that I consider
indispensable to any yard is the dogwood.
This is a beautiful shrub or low tree and
ny Portland home owner can get It in
the suburbs. Jt blooms in the early
Spring and late in the Fall it again puts
forth its great white blossoms while the
foliage of other shrubs Is turning to red
nd gold. Nothing is so attractive, in
my Judgment. or so easily transplanted
nd cultivated In the front yard, as the
dogwood not too much, but just enough
to produce a pleasing effect when seen
from the street.
1 leave the front of my' yard nearly
lear of flowers and shrubbery at the
elope down to the curb, except for a bed
vr crocuses In the corner, if the lot be
sin a comer. If not. set it back a little
iway from the top or edge of the slope.
1 see many Portland yards otherwise
lies utif nl. but marred by a line of roses
ct close together along the edge of the
'lopo down to the sidewalk, almost en
tirely obstructing the view of the prem
ises from the street.
I have tried the rose tree, budded on
the sweet brier or .wild rose king, and
liave two such tree roses. They are
popular, but not very common. Mine
were budded, the work being done by an
expert, for I have not had sufficient ex
perience to do It myself. The lilac and
the snowball are also pretty front yard
hrubs.
I am opposed to shade trees in the front
sard. As a rule they are not clean and
thev shut out the sunshine. In my back
(.ard I have a bed of strawberries, of 100
plants that are both very profitable and
ettractive. 1 also have an Italian prune,
m Gnlveston apple, a May Puke cherry
and an Alexander and an Karly Crawford
peach, which are pretty and profitable.
As my lot is on the corner, in the curb
. " -'- t n .1 rtiit a svstem of
ciccoriii"'" -.- -
blending colors harmoniously and work
ing out a purpose. I started at the north
elrie of tho hit. facing Williams avenue,
with a deep pink rose and planted a row
of different colored roses to the corner
south, where I used a pale rose. On the
.niith side, facing the side street. I start
ed with a rose of deep red and ran up to
the corner with different colored roses to
the P10 onP before mentioned, to produce
sunset effect. 1 used me i men ru-
nler. the Admiral lVwey. the different La
"Frances and otner varieties common in
Portland yards. The system gives the
harmonious colors found In the sunset.
. i little reflection will convince any one
that the proper blending of the colors of
tho roses used on the curb will produce
a better effect than setting out all sorts
haphazard, simply because they are roses
and will oioom.
I have tried to study harmony and ef.
feet though I started yard decorations
without any experience. Where I was ig
norant I found out from those who knew
and from dealers, m-hose business it Is to
know, and from the various publications
on the subject. Oregon's climate lends
itself to floral decorations of every sort.
hut I cannot specify what will not succeed
in the way of shuhbery and flowers, but
one need make few mistakes in this clt
inste.
W ith a fiO-foot yard It would be a little
different from a 100-foot frontage, but the
same plan for curb decorations may be
loUewati .out in yUinl.il is roses or .ciiuits
IV j
i
1
4rv
Hit
beds of flowers, both of which will be at
tractive. Another prettv effect could be produced
by putting a fringe of white flowers on the
curb, with perhaps some geraniums,
bright color next to the white, then a
green lawn with a bed or cnoice roses
back of the front half. I tried grass on
the curb the first year. It had to be
mowed every week, besides there were
more weeds than grass. Last year I
planted my roses, with very satisfactory
results. They are less care than grass.
One can hire a man to cultivate the roses
once a month or six weeks and any house
wife can keep the weeds out the rest of
the time. The roses seem to invite you
out early and late and you really feel
they are companions. The woman who
cares for her yard is happier than the
one who does not. The pleasure is ample
reward for the labor expended.
How much time does it require? From
April to October, I should say one or two
hours a week, besides the man to do the
cultivating once a month or six weeks.
Three weeks after grass or clover is
own the yard Is green. Shrubbery grows
very rapidly. The expense of caring for
a yard above described Is J3 a month for
six months, if the woman of the house
does anything at all.
What an improvement in the appear
ance of our "Rose City" if every landlord
and tenant would keep he grass cut and
use the pruning shears at the right time!
Activity, of Portland Realty.
With sales for April estimated at J2,-
600.650, the total transfers of realty in
Portland, as officially recorded for the
year that will end May 1. will be S37,
8J&S15. Throughout the past year there
has been unprecedented demand for city
property, including both Inside or busi
ness holdings and residence lots. Prices
have been steadily . advancing, but are
still far from unreasonable and are cer
tain to go still higher. The highest
record of sales for any one month was
for March, when the business reached a
total of J4,73S,154. There is every reason
to believe that the market will continue
exceedingly active ' throughout the Summer.
i T r-QLi Ym?h A V---. --11 combing
as , fx "f ?? , s, r .Ill m .WfiJ.r- i lwa-W-Mjim n.
OREGON'S APPEAL TO HE ALT HSEEKERS
State Recognized as One of the Healthiest in the Union Purest of Air and Water and
Mild, Equable Climate Bring About Result Nature Aids Physician in Healing the Sick - -
C. J. Smith. M. D., ex-President State
Board of Health.
AMONG the first questions asked by
the honieseeker is as to the health
of the community to which he is
directing his attention. When such ques
tion Is asked relative to the State of
Oregon we can invariably answer that it
Is one of the healthiest states to be
found in the Union. So far as I know
this state has almost every natural ad
vantage from a standpoint of solubrity
and practically none
of the disadvantages.
'? The
death rate per
jlimo inhabitants is
' probably as low if
't';'not lower in the
jrt-Jstate of Oregon
i - . than in any other
Vja v- Vi'i S state in the United
v 1 States.
fV. i 'X True It Is that our
. People are either
A 4 strong and vigorous
JT- -iti from having sprung
....jJfrom a strong and
? J vigorous ancestry or
m8i is tin iitil from having left
C. J. Smith. . .M. 1. their homes in the
Eastern states or elsewhere, being usually
of that strong hardy and adventurous
type" that seek a footing in a new
country.
We have no disease caused by air.
3-.-$
mi
Ate sa
soil or water, and we have all the
elements necessary to assist nature in
the cure of disease. We have almost
every variety of climate so far as alti
tude, dryness and moisture, condition of
soli and sunshine is concerned that can
be found anywhere. Our altitude varies
from the sea level to over 14.000. feet in
the mountains. Our annual rainfall varies
from six inches in the dry and semi
arid regions to more than 100 Inches on
the West Coast.
The water supply of the state is almost
without exception from the mountains,
found upon the surface or in subterranean
channels having their origin In many
Instances in the regions of perpetual
snow. These watersheds being largefy
devoid of vegetation and as a result un
contaminated either by men or animals,
assure a water supply incomparably pure
and ablv assisting nature in the preven
tion and cure of disease.
Probably there is no branch of human
knowledge about whleh popular -conception
is so vague and which is so generally
misunderstood as medicine. People should
thoroughly understand that man himself
is poweriess to effect a cure. It is
nature with her ever present tendency to
cure disease when assisted by man, that
does the work. The physician who has
a knowledge of the human body in health
as well as -in disease, - one who has a
knowledge of the various therapeutic
agents, be they water, soil, sunshine,
electricity, drugs, climate, or whatever
other agent may be used for' the per
manent or temporary cure or relief of
disease, and who by his knowledge of
these agents assists nature in throwing
off disease and Its products Is considered
a skillful partitloner.
It is to nature then that we must look
for the boon of health. Her remedies are
not necessarily complex, but in many in
stances are very simple. Good air, clean
soil, good water, plenty of sunshine and
refreshing sleep are among the essential
agents in the prevention of disease and in
the restoration to" health after disease
has once gained a foot hold. To say
that Oregon has good air is but to repeat
what all students of nature must neces
sarily know. Lying as it does on the
Western Coast of the great North Amerir
can continent, the prevaling winds are
from the west - and come across a vast
expanse of water 10.000 miles in extent
As a consequence they are absolutely
pure and devoid of dust, disease germs
or irritating substances of any kind.
Oregon has also good soil, upon
which Is grown the most wholesome
of vegetation and which "la drained
naturally by subsurface streams com
paratively free from minerals In solu
tion. Insects, ferments and bacteria
that would be disease-producing. So
far as I know there is no state in the
Union that has a superior water sup
ply to that of the State of Oregon.
Diseases usually noted in this state
come from but two or three sources.
The most important of these are those
diseases that are communicable to hu
man beings from animals, or other
human beings, and by way of illustra
tion one might mention the chief of
them, which is tuberculosis. This
-i i
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. T'Tjrrr'riorrirT m t -aaaasa i
AMUSEMENT
"1
scourge causes the death In the United
States of one person" in" -evory eight.
yet in. this state the proportion of
deaths from' tuberculosis .'...to'., deaths
from all other diseases is ' not rnearly
so great.- According to the statistics,
which are incomplete as yet,'. I do not
believe that the-death rate-from tu
berculosis, in Oregon exceeds one- in
20. - In fact the majority of cases of
tuberculosis found In the State of Ore
gon and the deaths therefrom are
cases that have originated in other
states and have come here for the"
climatic cure, or have been contracted
from such sufferers. ' Of course ' we
have other -communicable diseases. I
simply mention this as, an illustration.
The class of cases, such as typhoid
fever, that have their origin in a con
taminated water or food supply. In my
opinion are wholly preventable, and as
a State Board of Health we expect in
the near future to not only be able to
prevent epidemics .of typhoid fever, but
to practically stamp it out in the state.
Typhoid causes the death of not less
than 50.000 people annually In the
United States and Is -wholly prevent
able. Oregon, already la in the front
rank tf the states of the Union in pre
venting; the ravages of this disease.
Most homeseekers are looking for
investment, be this In dollars and cents
or in good health. Let me give .this
advice: One of the best investments
that any human being can make is in
health, and in Oregon this investment
can be found.
it
7
a
Portland's Water
Supply
By R. B. Lamson, of the City Water Board.
-a ORTLAND'S famous "Bull Run"
1 M water cannot- be excelled attf whsra
In the world. It is absolutely pure
water, ..fresh, cool and perfectly clear the
year round. Portland has owned its
own private water works since 1887, when
the city purchased the private system
then in operation. The supply was at
that time obtained by pumping from the
Willamette River, six miles above Port
land. - A search for a more satisfactory
supply discovered Bull Run River.
The water is collected in Bull Run
Lake, situated In the heart of the Cas.
cade Mountains about 3500 feet above the
sea, at the base of Mount Hood and fed
by. its perpetual snow. Passing through
an underground outlet the river bursts
from', the side of a mountains, a full
stream sufficient to supply the needs of
half a million people. From its source
it flows a swift mountain stream down a
rocky canyon 20 miles to the headworks
At this point the water passes Into
steel conduit and is carried many feet un
derground for a distance of 24 miles to a
reservoir, known as No. 1, located on the
side of -Mount Tabor at the eastern ex
tremity of the city, and arriving at the
rate of 23.000,000 gallons every 24 hours.
From this receiving reservoir the water
is distributed; . first, directly through a
newly laid 24-inch main to the higher por
tions of the city in the north and east,
to its boundary eight miles away ; second,
through . a lower reservoir - (No. 2) to the
lower and central portions of the East
Side; third, through seven miles, of 32
. inch " main .the water is carried across
the city and under the Willamette River
to reservoir No. 3, in the City Park,
which in conjunction with another reser
voir. No. 4) at, a lower elevation, sup
plies the entire west side of the river,
with two small exceptions where the
elevations are so great that . pumping is
resorted to. The supply being by grav
ity, the expense of operation and main
tenance Is very low.
. The four reservoirs have a combined
capacity of 66.000,000 gallons, or about a
three days' supply, ' and the. original
pumping plant is maintained as a reserve.
This main system was completed In 1S94,
at an expense of J3.O0O.O0O, and was then
estimated to be sufficient for all needs
for 30 years, but already, after less than
half the estimated service, we are con
fronted with the necessity of an addi
tional supply in the near future; and at
the coming election in June, a proposi
tion will be voted on to issue bonds for
the construction of a second conduit and
additional reservoirs.
The entire watershed of Bull Run lake
and river" has been set aside by the Fed
eral Government as a National reserve,
thus preventing any possible future con
tamination of the supply.
The present plant represents an expen
diture by the city of slightly over J5.000.
000, but the benefits derived far exceed
the cost, for our abundant supply of ab
solutely pure water is one of the chief
factors-that-make Portland what it is.
one of the healthiest cities in the United
States. . Bull Run water is advertised as
used on all dining cars running out of
Portland, i and is a revelation to people
coming from cities whose water has to
be filtered and boiled before being fit to
drink. ,
CZIMBMG
By Franels I. MoKenna.
HE people of Portland will, at the
coming June election, vote to bond
the city for 11.000,000. the pro
ceeds of the bond sale to be used for
the purchase and Improvement of parks,
parkways, speedways and bbulevards.
One 'million dollars for parks. . boule
vards and driveways may seem small
to a park and boulevard builder In an
eastern city, but when we weigh the
difference bet w e e n
the cost of m a k -ing
parks and boule
vards in Portland
a. n d the cost of
making such I m -
5 v.aft'
provements In East
ern cities, tl.too.ono
will not look so
small.
Imagine New Tork.
Boston. Philadelphia
or Chicago c o n -structlng
back of
the city a ridge with
a base from one
to two miles wide;
eight hundred to
if
--V ;
V. I. McKenns.
1100 feet high; stretching In serpentine
form a distance of 100 miles, with deep
canyons In Its kinky sides; with easy,
winding roadways along the canyons,
some places dizzy, precipitous walls
1000 feet high, covered with the richest.
native vegetation; containing gurgling
brooks of pure soft water, all of which
nature has given to Portland free ot
cost, then you can have a slight appre
ciation of the difference between the
cost of obtaining; parks and boulevards
in Portland and In eastern cities.
Portland has free, In natural scenlo
beauty, what the ingenuity of mortal
man can not even imitate. I might
truthfully go further and say that no
man can, by pen or brush, convey to
the mind of an absent person more than
a hazy conception of the beauty of the
natural surroundings of Portland, Ore
gon. '
This high ridge back of the city has
on its crest a natural driveway turn-
ng to the north, to the south, to the
east, to the west, with intervals of
straight-away runs. On this turn we
halt and peer away to the south for a
glimpse of Mount Jefferson, 160 miles
to its perpetually snow-covered peaks.
On that turn we pull up for awhile to
admire the gaunt old sides of Mount
Hood, glistening in the sun light Ilka
nothing that your eyes ever beheld.
You, in your ecstacy of delight, cannot
refrain from reaching out your hand.
as It to lift the snow from his shaggy
sides with your finger tips, ao close
does this old sentry of the Cascades
appear though 50 miles away.
Now we turn to the northward where
we span with our vision the mighty
Columbia, the most beautiful of this
earth's rivers. For more than 1000
miles we can see her wending her way
among forests, fields, mountains and
valleys, beyond seems the climax Of
Nature's effort at things of awe-inspiring
grandeur. Mount St. Helens. 60
miles away. Mount Adams 80 miles
away. Mount Rainier 150 miles distant,
all harmonious like near and distant
chords of music, dot the Cascade range
before you and nil you with wonder at
the power of the -great Creator.
Now we come to the top of Council
Crest made famous and sacred by hav
ing been the place where the noble red
men came to smoke the pipe of peace.
He came here, never in war, but al
ways for peace, because it was re
garded by the tribes of the forest as
the place on earth nearest like his con
ception of the abode of the Great Spirit.
From here we have a distant view of
the Pacific Ocean, a view of 100 miles
of the Cascade range of mountains and
75 miles of the Coast range with rivers,
valleys, cities and five perpetually snow
covered mountains.
With tl.000,000 we can lay out this
high ridge, the most magnificent sys
tem of parks, speedways and boule
vards. 'At the advantage points of ob
servation we will have small parks of
one, two or more acres as the situa
tion may require. We will have boule
vards lined with cherry, trees of the
varieties such as the pink cheeked
Roj-al Ann, the deep red Bing, tho Black
Oregon, which in the season of bloom,
will be enchanting and in . season of
fruit, facinating. We will have our
apple blossoms, peach down, prune
purple and various other boulevards,
all lined with fruit and nut trees, ac
cording to the name they bear. We
will have other driveways lined with
our native scarlet berry bearing Mad
rona trees and the red berry bearing
mountain ash, for the Fall season.
From the first blooin of tho almond and
apricot In the early Spring to the late
berry bearers of the Fall, we will have
one continual bower of boulevard en
chanting beauty.
It is part of tho comprehensive
scheme to connect this system of park
ways and boulevards with the level
East Side speedways by scenic high
bridges over the Willamette River,
high enough for the tallest ship mast
to pass under. These speedways will
be planned for speeding horses and
automobiles in safety. The level coun
try toward Mount Hood is admirably
adapted for easily constructed speed
ways for a distance of many miles and
$1,000,000 will make a more attractive
system of parks, parkways, speedways
and boulevards in Portland. Oregon,
than tlOO.000,000 would make in any
other city of America.
Portland's Building Itccord.
The mouth of April is establishing a
new record for building activity in Port
land. The official figures will show an
aggregate of at least $1,500,000. and may
exceed that figure. The total of permits
last April was $550,802. With this con
servative estimate for the present mouth,
permits for the year ending May 1 will
amount to $8,915,433. The highest figure
for any one month, up to the present
one, was $1.087. 769. for May last. The
permits for the past year were far in
excess of those for any equal period in
the history of the city. Many large mod
ern business blocks are now in course
of construction and others are planned
for the present season. Portland Is rap
Idly becoming metropolitan in its appear
ance, and a" 'he new buildings are
fully occupied as soon as completed.