JJtofttfttgjr Jji
)
VOL. XLVI XO. 14,441.
PORTLAND, OREGOX, THURSDAY, MARCH 21, 1907.
PRICE FIVE CENTS.
V
CINS
ARE ISSUED
Tell Story Only Equal
to That of Tweed
RUEF HAS LARGEST SHARE
Other Revelations Involve Mil
lionaire Magnates of
Wall Street.
RUEF RAPIDLY WEAKENS
Schmitz Will Call on Harriman
for Help in Distress.
BOARD OF WORKS IS NEXT
Astounding Condition Exists There.
How Heney and Burns Csed
Slight Leverage to Lift Lid
From Festering Mass.
SAX FRANCISCO. March 30. (Special.)
Sixty-five indictments were filed by the
grand Jury today against Abe Ruef and
10 against T. V. Halsey, of tlie Pacific
States Telephone Company. They all
'large bribery. Assistant District Attor
ney Heney and Federal Agent Burns as
sert that it la only a beginning.
The total amount represented In the
indictments is $21S,750. When to this is
. idded the amount which went to Ruef
and Schmitz, the total will reach !,000,
OOfl in five deals exposed today.
Involve Jew York Magnates. .
There are more deals of which the pub
lic has small conception. They include
not only local magnates, but men who
have mansions lu New York, who have
trafficked for special private gains in San
Francisco for their corporations. It is
understood that a power in Wall street
who recently testified before the Inter
state Commerce Commission will be given
an opportunity to defend himself.
Tonight Kucf and Schmitz are abject
and forlorn. The entire Board of Super
visors has confessed, fn'hmiti: is ready
to do the same. Ruef is awakening rapid
ly. By the end of next week the in
dictments which will confront him will
be mountain high. Hy that time it is
expected that Ruef will offer to confess.
The case against the grafters has
grown so in strength within the last 24
hours that the evidence at hand is con
sidered sufficient to bring about the In
dictment and conviction of a galaxy of
millionaires.
Ruef Vainly Trios to Jest.
Ruef presented a sorry figure in his
room at the St. Francis Hotel tonight.
He tried to lest.
"These supposed confessions don't af
fect me." he said. "It is claimed that I
paid the money to Gallagher. -Well, then
Gallagher did the bribing. That lets me
out."
Ruef knows that all his friends have de
erted him. Gallagher was taken into
Ruef's room with a detective and there,
in the presence of the detective, informed
Ruef that he had confessed. The shock
blanched Ruef's cheeks and he grabbed
the arms of his chair to steady himself.
Then he rallied quickly.
"Well. Jim." he said to Gallagher,
"you're a great Jester. Did you tell tliem
about that J10.0oo.rtiO we got for burning
the city last April?"
The human agony in' Ruef's Jests was
pitiful to behold, and Gallagher was led
from the room.
f-elmiiu Calls for llarrinian's Aid.
Mayor Schmitz. when informed of the
exposures, hurried to the home of Wil
liam F. Herrin, chief counsel of the
Southern Pacific, with whom ha held an
extended conference. 'Then he returned
to his home and was closeted with his
attorneys far into the night. He refused
to make a statement, speaking In a voice
remarkable for its composure.
Schmitz has served notice on Harriman
and Herrlnof the Southern Pacific that
he expects them to come to his assistance.
At the time of the April Are Harriman
. me to San Francisco and offered to !
help the Mayor., and in return demanded
that Schmitz give him all the trackage
he desired In and around San Francisco.
Schmitz consented and signed franchises
for Harriman with as much speed as he
could command. Now he has ' notified
Harriman that he must extend a helping
arm or be dragged down.
Double Cross on Telephone Lines.
The most sensational testimony to
come to the grand Jury' was that of E
T. Fimroer, former auditor of the Pa
SHEAVES
cific States Telephone Company. The
witness told the grand jury that he had
received orders from Manager Louis
Glass, of the company, to pass as cor
rect the accounts of Theodore Halsey. It
was brought out through other witnesses
that Halsey had rented apartments in
the Mills building in April of last year
and had taken the Supervisors there and
had given them S50U0 apiece. Ten offi
cials were thus purchased. It was
brought out also that these Supervisors
later made out to the Home Telephone
Company and granted the franchise
which they had been paid to withhold.
IIUEF AXB HALSEY ACCXJSED
Other Indictments Kept Secret.
Heney After Big Bribegivers.
SAN FRANCISCO. March 21. The
long-looked-for indictments in the
municipal grraft cases were returned
toni&ht. Shortly before 6 o'clock the
grand Jury, filed with Presiding Judge
Coffey, of the Superior Court, 75 indictments,-
charging bribery, which
were found on evidence presented to
the grand jury, after six months' prob
ing into the 'municipal affairs of this
city by Assistant District Attorney
Francis J. Heney and Secret Service
Agent William J. Burns, and which re
veal an amazing story of .graft and
corruption, that surpasses the boodle
cases of St. Louis, ranks with the Min
nesota expose, and is only eclipsed in
the amount of money passed, but not
In its ramifications and organization,
by the famous Tweed ring of New
York.
Huff and Hal-soy the Chief.
Of the indictments returned today
65 are against Abraham Ruef, for years
the political bors of San Francisco,
charging him with bribing the Board of
Supervisors to giant franchises to the
United Railroads, the Home Telephone
Company, the San Francisco Gas &
Electric Company and the so-called
prizefighting "trust." Ten are against
T. V. Hclscy, ex-general agent of the
Pacific States Telephone & Telegraph
Company, who Is charged with having
bribed the Supervisors not-to giant
a. franchise to the rival company. One
indictment against Ruef and four more
agalnct Halsey, which. It is understood,
were also returned today, were not
filed In open court.
Several more indictments, the exact
number and against what persons Mr.
Heney and Mr. Burns refuse to divulge,
until the accused parties have been ar
retted, were returned bv the irrand
Jury but not filed, Mr. Heney and Mr.
Burns not even trusting the secret file.
Cases Against Ruef.
Of the 65 counts of bribery against
Ruef, 17 are in connection with the
granting of the overhead trolley fran
chise to tho United' Railroads Immedi
ately after the disaster of last April;
17 are based upon the money alleged
to have been spent by the gas company
to secure an S5-cent sas rate as
against a 75-cent rate; 13 refer to. the
passing of money by the Home Tele
phone Company to obtain a franchise
for a bid of $25,000. which, it has been
declared, was worth at least 11,000,000;
and 18 Indictments are based upon the
alleged bribing of the Supervisors by
Ruef to grant fight permits 'only to
the so-called fight trust of this city,,
which Is composed of Eddie Granoy,
Morris Levy, James Coffroth and Willis
Britf.
Ruef Acted as Broker.
The money in all these cases Is al
leged to have been handled by Ruef,
who according to Mr. Heney and Mr.
Burns, was the agent and broker be
tween the public service corporations
and the Board of Supervisors and a
sort of general distributing agent for
all who desired privileges from the
Supervisors.
The Indictments against Hnlsey
charge the agent of the Pacific States
Telephone & Telegraph Company with
bribing 14 members of the Board of
Supervisors to refuse the rival com
pany a franchise.
Judge Coffey fixed the bail at $10,000
on each indictment, or a total of $650,
000 for Ruef and $100,000 for Halsey.
The latter is a brother-in-law of the
late John I. Sabin. ex-president of the
Pacific States Telephone & Telegraph
Company, later at the head of, the tele
phone system in Chicago, and a brother-in-law
of Louis Glass, president of
the Philippine Telephone Company.
Halsey has been for some time in Man
ila, installing the system in the is
lands. He has been under surveil
lance for several days and extradition
papers will be applied for as soon as he
has been taken into custody. Orders
have been cabled for his arrest.
How Money Was Divided.
In the overhead trolley deal, Ruef.
according to Mr. Burns, was given
$485,000 by the United Railroads, of
which the political boss Is alleged to
have divided $91,000. Of this amount
$4000 Is said to have been given to
each of 14 Supervisors, two received
$10,000 each and one $15,000. In the
restricting of boxing permits to the
big four of the fight trust, the indict
ments charge that $500 was given to
each of IS Supervisors or a total of
$9000. although a fund of $20,000 was
said to have been collected for Ruef.
In the alleged deal by which the Gas
Company was given an 85-cent rate,
$12,000, it is charged, was divided
among 14 Supervisors in sums of $750
each, but the amount supposed to have
been received by Gallagher is not
known.
Besides the $1)5.000 bid for its fran
chise, Ruef is charged with having
divided among 13 of the city fathers
the sum of $62,000 received from the
Home Telephone Company for the
granting of a franchise to install their
system in this city. In this connec
tion It is noteworthy that 14 of the
Supervisors are alleged to have also
taken $5000 each from Halsey to pre
vent the granting of the franchise to
the Home Company and it is upon
these counts that 14 indictments were
returned against Halsey, only 10 of
which were filed today.
Mr. Heney stated that today's indict-
tConcluded on Pace 3.
CANADIAN
PAG F G
ENTERS PORTLAND
Trains Will Come In on
O.R.&N. Tracks;
CONTRACTS ARE SIGNED HERE
Freight Service From East via
Spokane to Begin May 1.
PASSENGER TRAINS LATER
Will Give Tills City Shortest Route
to St. Paul, Second Short Line to
Chicago, and a Competitor for
Hill and Harriman Systems.
FOBTLAND'S N EW
EAST.
ROITTE TO
Canadian Pacific Railway will run
freight trains into Portland com
mencing May 1.
Passenger equipment will be put
on within a short time thereafter.
Contracts were signed yesterday
with the O. R. & N. allowing the
Canadian line the use of the Harri
man tracks between Hpokane and
Portland.
This will give Portland the short
est direct line to St. Paul of any
city In the Pacific Northwest. The
new road Into Portland will have
equal mileage to Chicago with that
of the Union Pacific.
Through Pullman cars will. be ope
rated to St. Paul and through freight
carried to all Canadian points. St.
Paul and the East and the Atlantic
seaboard.
Portland will gain largely by the
entrance of the new line, adding a
competing- route to both the Harri
man and Hill systems.
Canadian Pacific trains will be running
into Portland May 1.
Contracts were signed up here yester
day by traffic officials of the Canadian
road with R. B. Miller, general freight
agent for the Oregon Railroad & Navi
gation Company, allowing the use of
tracks from Spokane to Portland. The
Canadian Pacific now reaches Spokane
by the Spokane International Railway
from the C. P. R's. main line at the
Canadian boundary. '
Freight service from Portland to all
points in Canada, as well as to the At
lantic seaboard, will be started May 1
by the new traffic arrangement. Passen
ger trains will be put on at a later date.
Through passenger service is promised
from Portland to St. Paul.
The use of the O. R, & N. tracks by
Canadian Pacific equipment was arranged
for recently at a conference between
Vice-President G. M. Bosworth of the
Canadian line and Traffic Director J. C.
Stubbs of the Harriman system. This
meeting was held in Chicago a short time
ago.
Contracts Signed in Portland.
Formal contracts were signed yesterday
in R. B. Miller's office by Mr. Miller
and F. W. Peters, assistant freight traffic
manager of the Canadian Pacific's West
ern lines. B. W. Greer, general freight
agent for the Canadian Pacific Railway,
accompanied Mr. Peters to Portland and
took part in formulating the contracts
as signed. Both the Canadian officials
left for home last night. Mr. Peters'
headquarters are in Winnipeg and Mr.
Greer's offices are in Vancouver. B. C.
"Portland looks like excellent territory
to us," said . Mr. Peters yesterday. "We
look forward to getting a good share of
the business here. Wre always get it
where we go into new territory. While
we will not handle local traffic between
here and Spokane, we will take care of
H6W MUCH HIGHER
t!:ji. . .it-iinfflfr I
:: if ' ' . t
business from all points, along the O. R.
& N. line to St. 'Paul and points east,
to all Canadian territory and to the At
lantic seaboard.
''As a tourist route this line will offer
something far out of the ordinary and
should be the means of bringing a large
travel to Portland direct from St. Paul
and points East. Through cars will be
run between Portland and St. Paul by
the new arrangement."
What It Means to This City.
The entrance of the Canadian Pacific
to Portland means much for this city.
The arrangement just made Is the next
thing to building a new- railway Into
Portland, for it opens up closer trade re
lations with the entire Canadian country
and offers another channel for business
to St. Paul and the Atlantic Coast. The
new road will bring much trans-Atlantic
business this way as well.
The Canadian Pacific has the record of
having the largest mileage of any indi-
Frank S. Dietrich, of Pocatello, Ap
pointed United States Judge for
Idaho.
vidual railroad In the world. Its tracks
cover about 12,000 miles. It Is the only
American line reaching from the Atlantic
to the Pacific. The Canadian Pacific's
steamer lines touch at the biggest ports
of the world, with new lines being con
stantly added. This big transportation
company carries passengers around the
world without the tourist once leaving
the ships or trains of the Canadian
Pacific.
Means Advertising for Oregon.
Portland will benefit largely by being
on the Canadian Pacific map. Oregon will
be more widely advertised thrn ever be
fore by tue line, which thas just gained
entrance here. The latest move of the
Canadian road shows the growing im
portance of. Portland and Oregon "and
promises the introduction of a health
competition for business here which will
result In much good.
By the use of the O. R. & N. tracks
to Spokane, the ' Canadian Pacific will
have the shortest route of any railroad
from Portland to St. Paul. It will tie the
Union Pacific for the shortest line to
Chicago. The actual mileage of the dif
ferent roads is: To St. Paul, from Port
land Northern Pacific, 2053: Great North
ern.1911; Canadian Pacific, 1SS3:. Tb Chi
cago Union Pacific 2290; Great Northern,
2318; Northern Pacific, 2460; Canadian Pa-cific-Soo
lines, 2290.
Why Northerly Route Is Shorter.
This showing in milage is a surprise
to almost anyone who has not calculated
k, but the earth's curvature gives, the
most northerly road the best of it just
as the northerly ocean routes are shorter
than those that strike directly across the
bulging bosom of the sea.
The new line will use the O. R. & N.
warehouses for handling freight in and
out of Portland. O. R- & N. locomotives
will haul the Canadian trains as far ae
Spokane, when the Spokane International
Railway, built by D. C. Corbin six months
ago. will take them to Tahk. the junction
of the Canadian Pacific The Canadian
Pacific is now building ten new passsen
ger trains, which it is expected to use
between Yahk and Portland during the
coming year.
The Canadian Pacific now enters Seattle
through an arrangement with the Hill
lines Identical with the agreement just
concluded here, whereby Canadian Pa
cific traffic is handled from Sumas. The
(Concluded on .Page 10.)
WILL STAGE-MANAGER HENEY
MAT DODGE DEATH
TO ENTER ASYL
Thaw's Worst Terror
May Be Realized.
JEROME'S STARTLING MOVE
Declares Prisoner Insane and
Trial Is Stopped.
LUNACY COMMISSION NEXT
Effort to Introduce Hamilton's Evi
dence Culminates in Dramatic
Scene Both Sides to Produce
Insanity Evidence Today.
NEW YORK. March 20 The blow of
which Harry" Kendall Thaw has-been In
terror ever since the murder of Stanford
Whits fell today. District Attorney Jer
ome, did not make a formal application
for the appointment of a commission In
lunacy, but in an impassioned speech he
appealed to the conscience of the court,
declaring that bb Thaw sits daily in court
he is incapable of advising his counsel
and is believed -by every one who has
watched and who. comes into contact
with him to be Insane.
-Mr. Jerome asserted that his own alien
ists were convinced, when they had con
sidered all the facts In connection with
the case, that Thaw was of unsound
mind. Mr. Jerome dramatically accused
the counsel for the defense of concealing
the testimony which, if presented to the
court, would make the continuance of the
trial a crime. So earnestly did Mr. Jer
ome plead that Justice Fitzgerald ' dis
missed the jury until Friday morning and
adjourned court until 2 o'clock tomorrow
afternoon, when he will consider what
evidence either side has to offer and de
cide whether the trial shall go on or
whether, a commission in lunacy shall be
appointed to pass upon Thaw's present
mental condition.
Dramatic and Exciting
The scenes attending the adjournment
of court shortly after 1 o'clock were dra
matic and exciting. Thaw's counsel
seemed taken utterly by surprise., This
was exjected to be the last day of the
trial except for the summing up -before
the jury. Soon after the three-cornered
discussion among Justice Fitzgerald. Mr.
Jerome and Mr. Delmas began. Thaw's
five other attorneys gathered one by one
around the Judge's desk and for a time
seemed Intent upon 'denying what the
court had termed the charges of unpro
fessional conduct brought against them
by the prosecuting officer.
Thaw in L'tter Dejection.
Thaw, .dejected, pale and dispirited, sat
at his counsel table. He flushed crimson
as one toy one his attorneys left him to
rally to the support of Mr. Delmas. who,
however, amid the proceedings, was su
perseded by John B. Gleason. Thaw bit
his nails, opened and closed his hands
nervously, and Anally sank down In fils
chair in an attitude of utter dejection.
In an adjoining room, where they could
hear the excited and uplifted voices of
wrangling counsel, stood Mrs. Will
lam Thaw, the mother, and Evelyn Nes
bit Thaw, the wife, who had bared the
secrets of her soul In tlie effort to save
her husband from the electric chair and
from the fate which he declares he fears
more a madhouse.
Hamilton Brings Climax.
The climax of the nine-weeks' trial
was precipitated by the action of the de
fense In calling to the stand Dr. Allan
McLane Hamilton, the alienist, who was
first 'called into the case by Thaw's orig
inal lawyers. Black, Olcott. Grubcr &
Bonynge, cut who was dismissed, to-
GET THE CURTAIN?
gether with them, when he reported that
Thaw was suffering from a form of
paranoia which might never be cured.
It wa3 the Intention of Mr. Delmas to
interrogate Dr. Hamilton only with ref
erence to four visits he made to Thaw
In June and July. Mr. Jerome promptly
objected, saying that. It Dr. Hamilton
was to testify at all. he must tell every-.
thing he knew in connection with the
case, including the defendant's family
history.
The argument which ensued became so
pertinent to the question of the present
sanity or Insanity of the defendant that
Justice Fitzgerald - directed the jury to
retire from the room. Then the discus
sion took on that broader range, which
resulted in the court's determination, be
fore proceeding further, to have pre
sented to him the facts which the Dis
trict Attorney asserted had been with
held from the Jury by the defense, and
which he had been unable to. give to the
court in strictly legal form. Mr. Jerome
then said:
Jerome Threatens Opponents.
It the rea.1 facts were known. 1 have no
right to be here trying this man for his life.
But the knowledge I have cannot be put
in legal form before the jury. It Is mostly
hearesay. But If 1 could get the facts be
fore you they would shock .and -horrify the
conscience of the court and instantly this
case would be stopped. So deeply have 1
t-ecn Impressed with this that I have
served notice on counsel of record that. If,
when this trial Is concluded. I find that they
were in possession of -facts which I believe
to be In their possession. 1 shall call the
attention of the appellate division of the
Supreme Court to the matter. I feel very
bitterly about this matter. There Is not a
man who has watched this defendant sit
ting here at thle table, that do,i not know
that, as he sits there, he is Incapable of
advising counsel. Thus, under the statutes.
It becomes the duty of the court to stop
the proceedings.
Appeal to Judge's Conscience.
Mr. Delmas sought to have Mr. Jerome
place himself on record as formally ap
plying for a lunacy commission, but the
District Attorney would only repeat that
he was calling the attention of the court
to a matter which might appeal to his
conscience. Mr. Jerome said that Drs.
Bingaraan and Deemar, two of the Thaw
family physicians, had told him facts
concerning epilepsy on both" sides of the
prisoner's family, but the defense had
failed to bring out these matters in the
testimony. He continued:
I submitted to the alienists summoned by
the state all the facts In my possession, and
they one and all Informed me that the de
fendant Is Buffering from a disease called
paranoia, the chief characteristics of which
are insane delusions that acting under these
Insane delusions, he killed Stanford White,
but that within the legal definition of in
sanity he knew the nature and quality of
his act and knew the act to be wrong.
Offers "Real Evidence.''
Justice Fitzgerald wanted to know If
the alienists had informed the District
Attorney of their opinions before answer
ing the long hypothetical question In
court. Mr. Jerome admitted that they
had. The evidence he submitted to them
bad not been adduced in court, however.
and be could not put It In the hypothet
ical question.
Mr. Jerome explained:
Now that they have put Dr. Hamilton on
the stand I have my first opportunity of
laying before the court sworn testimony of
a character which may demand the atten
tlon of the court. For the first time we
have the real evidence before us 'and I
want It all to go In. Tour honor will eup
port me In the claim that ever since this
trial began I have struggled to have the
doors opened wide, that all the facts might
be brought out. But 1 have been met with
objections and legal restrictions " every
where. Mr. Delmas replied that it was strange,
if the District Attorney had so long pos
sessed the information he was stating
to the court, that he had persisted so
long In prosecuting to his death a man
(Concluded on Page 10.)
CONTENTS TODAY'S PAPER
The Weather.
YBSTERDATS Maximum temperature, 53
degrees; minimum. 3ft.
TOLAYS Rain; southerly winds.
Foreign.
British woman suffragists again attack
House of Commons. Page 2.
Rebellion of peasants spreads throughout
jHoumama. Page .1
National.
Dietrich appointed Federal Judge for Idaho.
Page 3. . ,
Census Bureau estimates population of Pa
cific Coast cities. Page 1.
Prospects of land law reform by next Con
gress. Page 8.
ttomestie.
Hakin on historic churches. Page I.
Thaw case taken from Jury and court calls
for evidence on 'Insanity. Page 1.
Ptiter and Tarpley tell how they got fraud
ulent land patents In Hermann case.
Page 2.
Rockefeller favors Federal control of rail-
roads. Page 8.
Pacific Coast
Indictments by wholesale against Ruef,
Halsey and others; revelations only just
begun. Page 1.
Floods do Immense damage in Stockton and
other cities. Page 4.
Pacific University loses suit to recover
property on which liquor was sold. Page
5-
Seattle Chamber of Commerce passes reso
lutions opposing propdsed treaty with
Japan. Page (1.
Butte printers will probably capitulate to
publishers. Page 5.
Commercial and Marine.
Oregon hop production greater than esti
mated. Page 15.
Wall street operators show lack of confi
dence. Page 15.
Chicago wheat market declines at close.
Page 15.
Derelict, bark Me la nope is sold to James
Griffiths & 'Co., of Seattle. Page 7.
Portland and Vicinity.
Contracts signed for Canadian Pacific trains
.to enter Portland cyer tracks of O. R. ft
N. Page 1.
Insanity as a defense in murder cases dis
cussed by IVr. Williamson before Ctty
and County Medical Society. Page 6.
Loggers association votes to keep camps
closed until March 31; lumber, mill strik
ers losing ground. Page 14.
Pomona Grange demands appointment of
high-salaried, practical man as head of
Oregon 'Agricultural College. Pae 7.
Mayor I-Jine vetoes Mount Hood Railroad
franchlee. Page 10.
Many divorces granted by Multnomah Coun
ty courts InvaMd. Page 6.
Council decides to allow free water charter
.amendment to go before voters. Page 6.
Labor party leaders will probe records of
all candidates. Page 10. .
WHERE PILGRIMS
FOUGHT INDIANS
Churches Which Were
Used as Forts.
MUSKETS STACKED IN AISLES
Colonial Cemetery Robbed by
Encroaching Sea.
OLD MARYLAND CHURCHES
Built of Brick Brought Prom Eng
land With Hoots Given by Queen.
Anne Little Church Where
Actors Are Married.
WASHINGTON. March 15. I Special
Correspondence.) The old churches of
New England are rich In stories that
show the brave spirit of colonial days.
The earliest edifices combined military
features with the ecclesiastical and,
while the parson preached with his own
musket leaning against the pulpit, senti
nels stood at the door ready to give warn
ing of Indians. The blunderbusses of
the men-worshipers stood stacked in the
center of the aisle, and the reserve supply
of powder for the colony was stored, in
the loft overhead. Thle place was se
lected as the magazine because there
were no fires in the early churches, it
being taken as a sign of spiritual weak
ening if one should grow cold while at
devotions. Sometimes these chureheg be
came real fortresses and it was no un
usual thing to see wolves heads nailed
to the walls by successful trophy-hunters.
The law in New England required that all
houses be built within a certain distance
of the church, an arrangement that guar
anteed mutual protection and brought all
members of the town in reach of the
drum-beats that summoned the men to
church or to war.
Where Miles Ktandlsh Prayed.
The Church, of the Pilgrimage at Ply
mouth. Massachusetts, stands today on
the Rite of the one where Miles Standish
worshipped so long ago and up whose aisle
he strode in his mud-stained . clothing
only to see the lovely Priscllla made the
wife of John Alden. In the old church
Roger Williams preached before he was
sent away to a life of exile among the
Indians, and from the same old church
William Bradford went out with an ex
ploring party one day to be caught in
glorlously In an Indian deer-trap. The
old cemetery, where the dead were buried
and where wheat was sown so that the
Indians might not see how many of the
congregation had died, has Teen robbed
by the sea In its encroachments on the
land. The site and name of this historic
church date ack to 1640.
Refuge of the Regicides.
Centre Church at New Haven, Connec
ticut, was built by the Episcopalians in
1640, when bullets were used as legiti
mate currency and when ' drum-beats
called tlie hours for matins and evensong.
A new house was built in 1670, and here
for awhile preached William. Hooke. a
man of stern religious convictions, who
left the colony to become chaplain to
Cromwell when the Commonwealth sup
planted the court of Charles in England.
Hooke was the first man to suggest tho '
founding of Tale College, giving iiis -home-lot
for the perpetual maintenance
of a teaching officer or schoc'-maater. It
has been used ever since as the home or
the rectors or presidents of Tale. ,
This church was the one which had
greatest sympathy for Cromwell, and!
here were supported and protected Whal
ley and Goffe, two of the regicides re
sponsible for the death of Charles I. '.
One James Davids also came to dwell in
the town and attend the church, a peace
able, likable fellow about whom there waa
always an air of mystery. This was
explained when he died.' for he was none
other than John Oixwell,. the third regi
cide. When the present edifice was erect
ed in 1814, it was necessary to extend it
over the graveyard, and there are now
139 graves in the crypt, among them be
ing that of Benedict Arnold's first wife.
The communion service still in use was
given by Queen Anne.
Where Washington Wor&hipped.
When Philadelphia was the capital ot
the United States the churches there had
many conspicuous figures in their con
gregations. Washington and Adams went
to worship in Christ Church, and for
many years Benjamin Franklin had a
pew there. Part of the church dates
back to 1727, and part of the communion
service now in use was, given by good
Queen Anne, the almoner to America
where communion services were con
cerned. The oldest church in the Quaker-
City is the Church of the Gloria Del,
generally known as Old Swedes Church,
the present edifice having been dedicated -In
1700. St. Peter's, completed in 1761,
keeps guard over the dust of Commodore
Decatur in Its churchyard, and at St.
Paul's, 'a church almost as old, Kdwin
Forrest Is burled.
Early Maryland Churches.
St. Paul's, in Kent County, Maryland,
has the same walls that were erected In
1713, though the church dates back to
1693, and the communion service is the
same that was given by Colonel Thomas
Smythe In 1699. At St. Luke's, Wye, an
east-shpre church, the records show th
Interest taken by .members of the King's
Concluded on Page 8-)