VOI. XLVI. NO. 14.38o.
PORTLAND, OREGON, TUESDAY, J A.H UAKY. IS. 1 907.
PBICE FIVE CENTS.
HAINES AND DAVEY
iT
Senate ,and House Or-
ganize at Salem.
FOUR DEMOCRATS FOR HAINES
Wiihrlis Solid 13, This Gives
Him a Vote of 17 to 7.
IN HOUSE, ALL FOR DAVEY
emorrts Will Fnre "Wo 1 1 in Con
mlttce Appointments, It h A.
nrrd, and ir-T t f Jrlt.y
Will Work With Governor."
-rRpKii.
uRural 9 Governor will held at
1:!K P. M. Tuesday. The two houses
will meet In Joint convratton to oti -vmm
tl vote or Oovvi uor sjmJ - aoon
the- vote has. he?n announced, the
oath of office will be administered by
on of the JuatlcM of th 8u prem
Court. Govmior Chmb-ain will
men read Ms nmge.
There will be no bal lot on t n 11 ed
Stt-B Senator until TtMUday. Jn
usry 2. when ths formal election of
r. w, jiuiH-y rgr tiw ition term ana
Jonathan Bourne for- the lour term
will taae i)m4. it wss thouiht tht
th vlfotlon or Mnlkey would Uk
pnc immediately, tor the reason that
the appointment of Oearin waa only
"until the ne-att mMtrni or th t--mi-Imturr."
but n lnvnxtlKHtlon ikowt "
that even in ailing a vacancy the
leeilon must be held on the second
TuMdiy flr ornuili.t Ion .
SAT. EM. Or.. Jan. 14. (Special.) Or
am n f I- rl t-y the election on the flrat ballot
m rch house, or E. w. Haines, or Wash-
ington County, for President of the Sen-
ate-, and of Vrank Bavv, of Marion. o-
si j x:.h k. ?r - fte- ifou, the Oregoo ,
Uture made itself ready today for law-
making. Committees will be announced
Veflncaday or Thursday.
Haines was elected over Hodson, - of
Multnomah, by a vote of 17 to 7, four
Democrats. Caldwell. Yamhill; Smith.
I Tmatjlla; Hedge.' Clactutmrna. and Mutit,
Jackson. Joined, the 13 supporters of
Haines, and Haines voted for Bowernian.
one of his followers. Hodson voted for
la llry. and Miller, of Unn. for Coshaw,
and Coshaw for Smith, of Umatilla.
This combination took the Hodson fol-
lowers by surprlne. Their eiht men had
refuted to mo Into caucus -with a. majority
or Republican Senate members in Haines
camp, numbering1 14. and expected to hold
up trie oriranizatloD of the sen&te with
a stubborn ttgtt, until the Haines forces
might go to pieces ana he made Into new
Alliances. Hod son's ninth supporter.
Coke, o f Coon, a i 3 not arri ve to parti cf-
pate In the election.
In the Rouse, Davey received 59 votes
and Rothschild, the lone Democrat of that
body, who nominated himself, received
one, each voting for the other. In the
Republican nominating caucus, Davey
had 44 votes, one of his supporters, Rey
nolds, be in - absent, and Vawter 14.
There was no contest and the voting was
perfunctory, all knowing; what the result
would be.
Hainea was elected at 2:30 o'clock" and
Davey a few minute, later.
Mow trio Vote Stood.
The vote In the Senate and In the House
caucus was:
Senate For HainfB- Smith, of Marion;
Miller, of Linn-Marlon; Kay. inijham,
Uycock. "Wright Bowerman. Cole. Hart,
Malarkey. Nottingham. McDonald. Kehol-
Tielrt. Hedges. Caldwell. AXullt, Smith, of
I'matilla 17.
Por Hodson Booth. Loughary. Johnson,
SJchel. Beach. Bailey. Whealdon 7.
For Coshaw Miller, of lInn.
ror smith, or Umatwa-Coshaw,
For Batley Hodson. .
FVr Bowfrmnn Haines. v
House For Davey Settlemier, Rodgeri,
Simmons, of Marion; Holt. Brown and
t'pmeyer, of Linn: Eaton. Washburne and
Edwards, of Lane; Jackson, or Donitla. ;
Jewell, of Josephine; Carter, ot Benton;
McCallon and Jones, of Polk; Bones and
Crawford, of Tamhill: Seals, of Tilla
mook : ' Purdy. Barrett and Newell, ot
AYashlngton; Huntley and Dye, ot Clacka
mas; Adams. Bayer, Burns, Coffey and
rrlcoll. ot Multnomah: McCua, of 01.t-ao-p:
Connell. of Columbia; Belknap, of
Crook; Merryman, of Klamath; Slusher,
Steel and Barrett, of I'matilla: Dobbin, of
Wallowa: Moore, of Baker; Kink, of Mal
heur; Pike, of Sherman; Donnelly, ot
Wheeler; Knowles, of Wasco; Chase, cf
roos; Brix. of Clatsop: Campbell, of
Mnltnomah-ClatROp, and Davey himself
43.
For Vawter Cray, of Douglas: Perkins
and Jvubli. of Jackson: Jones, of Olacka
mas; Beutjren. Beveridge, Proeman,
Northrup, Wilson, Farrell and Chapln, of
Multnomah: Rackllff. of Curry: Hen-
dri-k. of Wasco, and "Vawter himself 14.
Caucus After Organization.
At noon there was every Indication
that the Hodson threat of deadlock on
the Presidency would be realized, through
Haines' supporters asserted they had
Hssurnnce of two Democratic votes. If
needed, which, added to Hainea' 14, would
make a majority of the Senate.
After effeotlns temporary organization
without a contest, the Haines people an-
nounceal a Republican caucus, tout only
o m,
ALLOT
tho 14 pledged Haines supporters attended.
The 'Haines men had expected Bailey and
possibly Booth to go Into the caucus, thus
Riving them 15 or 16. At the fame time
the J Tod win forces held a conference with
the following present; Bailey. Beach.
Booth, Hodson, Johnson, Lug;hary,
SichoL and Whealdon. total S; Coke, of
Coos was absent.
Halne. camp sent a committee to In-
vite the Hodson forces to Join !q the
caucus, but the Utter declined and sent
back the following; proposition; That the
Hodson men be permitted to name live
of Halncs men who should not be candi-
dates for President, and that then the
Hodnon forwp would Join the Haines
caucus and select a President.
Tliis plgn contemplated practically a
Rurronder of the Halno- people, and was
promptly rejected. This ended tho ne
gotiatlons and when, at 2 o'clocK trie
Senate was called to order and the
Hnines men o 1bc1ofm1 the-lr Intention to
proceed. It was evident that they felt
certain of their strength. The Hodson
j ,: ' , t
j ?-tr A
I t if
II V ' i I
I I f
rtitrlei A. Troutr, Inlerntate fom.
iti-rcf Cam mtfMsloaer. wVho la XTe
itljr roaallmed that Haines had
the necessary votes, for they did not
bring In fcnmor Pierce May., who came
to Salem thin niornint: and was ready to
come into the Senate it wanted.
Overtures to Democrats,
Blfsterfna with Democrats now ensued.
Hodaon and his folio were arrte43 a pro
posai to Governor Chamberlain and tho
alx t)fn.K-vatlc Senators for an allianc
agalnat Haines. , But Haines had blocked
Jiodaon in the Democratic, camp, where
two of tii, members hafl agrtfd to sup
port Haines ff .necessary, to pre-ent Hod-
uon'a election.
After Haines had been, placed in nomi-
nation in a noat speech k Bincliam and
-osh.a- W.v-t ,' ha. y,, . n ,t ,.ed r
H iu - BiMacle tty Miner, vo(b was I
taken. The Hodson people supported
their candidate. the Democrats were ap
parently solid and Halncs had only 13.
he having cast his own vote for Bower- .
man,; But before the result was an
nounced, M-ulit of Jackson. Smith of
Umatilla J-iedarea of Clackamas and Cald
well of Tamhill, all Democrats, rose In
quick succession and changed to Haines.
Tfiat gave Haines 17. and Malarkey de
clared him elected. Haines made a brief
addresH, acknowledging the honor and
urging co-operation In beneficial legisla
tion. - -
Deraocrsu Will Fare Well.
That Democrats In the Senate will fare
well on the committees is assured, and
It is also certain that the' Senate will be
friendly toward the - Governor'", office.
While it U asserted that no definite
agreement was made, it is admitted .by
the Haines men that the Democrats are
to jet a fair share of the committee
places. It is denied that they have agreed
to sustain- the Governor's vetoes, but the
Haines leaders remark that as in the last
session they were friendly toward the
Governor, they may be expected to be
so at this session. In other words, they
will not be influenced in legislation by
the fact that the Governor is a Democrat.
The Haines forces picked all the officers
in caucus. Frank S. Grant . of Portland
won over S. I Moorhead for, Chief ,ClerK.
John Hunt of Marion and Frank Motter
of Multnomah were chosen Assistant
Clerk and Reading Cleric respectively
without opposition. F, K. Love 11 won out
over Frank Middleton. F. A. Turner and
Elmer Robins for Calendar Clerk. W. S.
Myers was Riven the position of Srgeant-
at-Arms without opposition, and Q, G.
Gans as made Doorkeeper in the saiM
manner. For Mall Clerk there was a
close contest between Fred - IX Gardner
of Baker County and Frank- Rogera of
Portland, the former winning out. .
Where Chairmanships .Will Go.
While the appolntaieatoc committees in
the Senate will-not be made for two or
three days. It has been'the talk for some
time that Smith of Marlon would aet the
chairmanship on ways and meana ir the
Haines people won, and ha seems likely
to get the place If he wants It
It is said that Bowerman. who was one
ot the Haines leaders, and is a lawyer
of ability, could probably have the judi
ciary, committee If he asked for It, but
he Is more likely to take revision of laws
and leave judiciary to Senator Malarkey.
It Is quite likely that -Scholfleld, resid
ing at Astoria, will get fisheries and
Hart of Baker the mining committee.
Laycock of Grant would naturally fall
heir -to the irrlgration committee. As
Selfttor Smith of Umatilla has given con
siderable attention to educational rait-
tera, he is In. line for the committee on
education and in talked of as a probable
chairman. , .
Wright of Yamhill, who led the Haines
campaign, is. according to rumor, likely
to get the railroad committee, while Bing
ham may get banking or taxation, though
the latter committee Is generally believed
to be scheduled-for Kay or Marion.
OXK BALLOT ELECTS DAVEY
very Few Contests Over Selection of
, Officers of the House.-
SALEM,' Or.. Jan. 14. (Special.) One
oallot in the caucus of the Republican
members of the House this morning de
termined the Spea&rShlp. contest. Rep
resentative Frank Davey of Marion, who
for several days had been pickeeV as the
winner, won by 44 to 14 from his oppo
nent, Vawter of Douglas, and Jackson.
The caucus was organized Immediately
following the morninic adjournrnent of
Consluda on rc .)
ARTILLERY FIRE
DE6UWBYF0PBUN
Spokane's Weak Case
forTerminal .Rates.
HILL'5 FOROTTEII PROMISES
Merchants Admit Success in
Competition.
RAILROAD MEN IN FORCE
Intcralate . Comml-nlon K?ars Ho-w
Hill Got Terminals With Airy
Promiiieii Cotton Stites t lie
Case for Coast Cltlee.
SPOKANE, TTasn., Jan, 14. (Special.)
Spokane has a weak case before the In-
Com ml anion
being badly handled. Perhaps It is both
weak and badly handled. Later? develop-
merit may disclose stronger point than
havt been even bin ted at in today's pro-
codings anrj the attorneys lor the prose-
cutlon may make a better showing:, but
the first rn In this battle for terminal
rates was only a popgun and no destruc-
Uon followed the discharge.
Brooks Adatnn. of Boston, has rharg of
the case for 8pokane and. In lien of a
knowledge of local conations which enter
into the making: of rates, he fired a few
oratorical blank cartridges at railroads
In general and the Great Northern in
particular, The flrubumg- which he save
the railroads was probably deserved, but
ft had little or no brarinp on the case at
lue and accordingly didn't Uelp mat-
ten H. M. Steiiheni, a local attorney,
confined his 'efforts a. little closer to the
subject under fire, but be suffered a
handicap or lack of familiarity with the
rates, and the conditions governing their
making'. The prosecution seemed to be
lame on data with which to back up its
assertions ana the wltneses with one or
wo exceptions .could not be pinned down
-iliiite auntcmen.s. -
Admissions Weaken Case.
i
If the few jobbers who testified knew
exactly . how far west and south, or Spo
kane they could ship, they carefully
avoided confessing St and. when cross
examination brouajht out that they were
shipping from loo to 200 miles west of
Spokane into territory from which Port
land and Puget Sound jobbers had been
driven, their case' was weakened. -It was
further weakened by the ridiculous test!-
mony of Mr. Gillette, the engineering ex-
pert -of the Washington Railroad Com
mission, who' asserted . that the Great
-Northern terminal, properties at Seattle
were worth $175,000,000. He repeated the
Htatement In cross-exsminatlon. although
3Hi-- Oilman, of Seattle, told Mm that the
assessed valuation on a W per cent oasis
i
of -all the property In Seattle was but
S130.000.OUO. .-..'
Hill's Q lowing- Promises.
But the keynote of the day's proceed
ings was complaint over some alleged un
fulfilled promises made by James J. Hill
when he secured a right of way into the
city many years ago. Spokane Is angry
and her anger Ms like that of one who
has bought a gold brick that won't stand
the acid test, or has paid good, hard
earned) money to learn that the lock trick
and shell game return no profits to "the
Investors. The testimony of some of these
witnesses was almost pathetic, as they
told of the enormous cost of securing the
right of way Into the city for Mr. Hill in
the belief that he was to grant them ter
minal rates, and they told the story with
its sequel or Mr. Hill's alleged bad faith
with a simplicity that reveajed confiding
natures mourning over a shattered Idol
The very least .any of them bad expected
was terminal rates, while one shipper tea-
titled that Mr. Hill had promised him
"better than terminal rates."
Com mission era Lane and Prouty were
quite liberal in their rulings and gave
both sides considerable latitule in the ex-
amination of witnesses. The hearing be
g&n at th Courthouse at lO o'clock thts
morning, Messrs. Brooks Adams, J. M.
Geraghty and H. M. Stephens appearing
for Spokane, while the railroad Interests
were looked after by 1. C. Oilman, B. J.
Cannon and , S. Donnelly, of the Hill
roads; W. W. Cotton, of the O. R. & N.,
and . E. " J. Dunn, ' of the Union- Pacific.
Before the hearing began a petition for
intervention was filed by J. N. Teal, Seth
Mann and Frederick B&usmarn. represent
ing; the Jobbing Interests of Portland. San
Francisco and Seattle, all of whom have
an interest in the case.1 ; "
Mr. Adams, as before stated, drifted
away from the epeclHc case of alleged
unjust rates and made a vigorous attack
on railroads in general. He gave quite
an extended review of the railroad his
tory In the West, and in his speech dwelt
at length on Mr. Hill's alleged unfairness
to Spokane. . - . -
Spokune Highly Favored. '
Mr. Cotton, as in other similar cases,
was the bellwether .of the railroad flock,
and opened proceedings for the railroads
after making a brief reply to Mr. Adams
statements regarding excessive profits of
the railroads. Mr,-Cotton took up the
complaint of Spokane and showed that
last year Spokane" had shipped, over his
line Into the Palouse country nearly four
times as much freight as bad been sold
in that territory by Portland Jobbers. In
part Mr. Cotton said:' ,?
I dexlre to call attention to the situa
tion hre - at -Spokun. . a I Me tt. and I
ipk larfdy for myself, as others may
differ from mo. Elffhtern years ago Ppo-
kan wan a tnnall town, o small that the
O. It. X. whlr-h wnn then operatlnK with
in oo miles of thts rity never thought that
it was worth im while to build n extension
to this city. Since tliat time Spokane has
Krown to b a c-1 1 - with an estimated popu
lation Of ttO.OOO.
Then is not a city west of PpoKane that
can undersoil Spokane in any line of goodx
whn th freight rate Is taken Into con
sideration. Th- principal object of t ! in
full, art It apprar -to my mind. Is to aE!it
the jobbers of Spokane to get into the
Walla Walla Valley. They wish to com-
pets with tne Portland merchant- and yet
thoy ar- nor willlnir to .jro to much
trouble) to fT-t Rlilpirfntn ns a t he met--
chants of Portland.. Instead ot taMng art-
vantK of Spokane by lower frolght ratos
because of watr competition, the railroads
"rt favored thlf city and It now has- a
K tilfi p t erri torv of lltf miles that has been
8ft aside for it by the railroads. We are
kU4 .to have the comm!;iJonr here. In
trw position that Tias bten or-mr r-rl hy
th- tram.- oir!-!i 1 1-. of t-c- Ihrss roads for
th- past 1.-. y firs, to decide how much of
tins territory Fpokane shall have all for
Its own. It may have some effect on our
rates, but not a Rirai d"al. It ma.- -fT-o t
I r-1 it It t ra.t-a on h t . A ro rn paratlv
table of rates will show, however, that
Spokane has better freight rates than Butte,
Missoula, Denver or Salt Lake.
Coast Men Auk More Tl mc.
Thp last address oi the morning: was
made by Seth Mann, of Ban Francisco,
rfprrncntlng the Coast In teres ts. M r.
Mann stated tliat the chief i?fiue in tlie
present controversy was the. justice of
baslna- rates on water competition and,
when this o.-uestton was brought up, the
coast jobbers were a direct party In In-
terest. and for this reason they wished
to te heard. Yle denied that there was
any a unfriendly reeling; on the part of
Coast jobbers towards Spokane, saying
that the rivalry between the cities wa
friendly in. every way. He asked that
owinj to the fact that trie coast jobbers
were only informed of the hearing three
weeks afro, thoy should have further time
for the preparation or their side of the
Case and stated that at least 90 days
after the close of the present case would
he necessary for them.
Mr. sProuty then announced that the
parties interested would ' probably b
heard In the city of their residence.
Kate Kxpert'B Testimony,
Frank H. McCuen. for four years em
ployed In the Great Northern local office
as chief clerk. and rate clerk, was the
first witness produced by Spokane and the
last half hour of the morning aesslon
was devoted to the hearln- or his evi
dence. Mr. McCuen, who ..left the employ
of the railroad last November, had com
piled a. table of rates made by the trans
continental roads . and he was closely
questioned on a number ot points by
Mr. Prouty.
-ATI the afternoon session M r. MoCun
continued his testimony and stated that
owing; to discrimination of railroads, it
waa no longer possible to manufacture
water plpe-or sash and doors at Spokane.
He supplied a list of commodities on which
Spokane no secures the same rate as
"Portland from Missouri "River points.
This list Included beer and similar liquors.
butter, fw, cheese, brandy, al grains
ar re-real iMirrvTions, fYaU, Virnirur
&o) mi. mai .nr packin'ttoiise, . pro
ducts, sewer pipe, stove, terra cotta and
a number of other. staples.
H. P. Gillette, a civil engineer in the
employ of tho Washington Railroad
Commission,' testified as to the tost of
the railroads, but. as his figures were in
complete, he was excused without! divulg
ing any startling information except that
the Great Northern owned JITs.OOO.Ow)
worth of terminal at Seattle.
Those I" i fulfil I-i Promises. "
N. W. Durham, editor of the Spokes-
man-Review, was put on the stand to
identify copies of tlie Rrvlw containing:
statements made Dy Mr. 'Hill. This tes-
timony.was Introduced to show that Mr.
Hill, had agreed to give Spokane terminal
rates. Mr. Ootton creatsl hodm - mirth
by wishing; if understood that Mr. Hill's
talk was not bindlngr on the Harriman
roads. Tlie Review Interviews show that
Mr. Hill's ability to put out a fine line of
talk was quite pronounced many years
ago.' He la quoted as saying that It was
illegal to charge Spokane more than the
through ra.te. and that 94 per ton would
be the regular selling- price of coal when
his road was built into Spokane. He
also promised to reduce the freight on
nails one-half. The railroads objected to
this testimony, but It was' accepted.
though on cross-examination It developed
that - Mr. Hill had refused to sign any
agreement In line with his alleged prom
ises. v
"W- S.i Norma, testified on similar lines.
relating- Mr. Hill's promises., He said the
Great Northern magnate had promised
Spokane rates which would enable her to
compete with any city west or south.
Get Preference Over Portland.
A. VV. Xo1an. a wholesale druggist, also
offered corroborative testimony on the
Hill story. Mr, Hill promised film better
than terminal rates. On cross-examint-
tlon Mr. Cotton got from him an admis
sion that he had preferential rates over
Portland 'jobbers as far. as Pendleton.
Wenatclvee and Connell and throughout
the Palouse country and. . W" a 1 1 at .Walla
country. The day's proceedings closed
with the testimony of Mr. Dolan.
The meeting- has brought together more
railroad men than ever before assembled
at a meeting in the Pacific Northwest.
There are fully a dozen railroad attorneys
here, and an even greater number of traf
fic" men. ' Among the latter are J.
Wood worth. traffic manager . of the'
Northern Pacific; R. B. Miller, general
freight agent of the O. R. & N.; Harry
Adams, western traffic manager, of the
Great Northern: Henry Blakely. western
freight agent of the Northern Pacific-.
Benjamin Campbell. In charge of Great
Northern traffic, is snowbound in Mon
tana, and. it is '-feared tonight, will be
unable to-reach here before the conclu-
sion of the hearing.
Mr. Lane roes from here to Seattle and
Portland to take further testimony from
the Jobbers. E. W. WEIGHT.
TEAR DOWN THE FENCES
Federal Court Issues Edict- 'Against
Great Margrave Ranch.
OMAHA. Jan. 14. Judge Hunger, of the
.United States District Court, today issued
an order to the United States Marshal to
destroy the fences on the Margrave ranch
In Sheridan County. Neb., unless they are
4akftn down within five days. A perpetual
injunction was. also Issued forbidding- Wil
liam A., James T. and Earl Margrave to
fence the public domain.
The Margrave ranch is said to enclose
about 40.000 acres of public land- " Much
of this is alleged to have been illegally
iilled upon.' The entries are all cancelled.
GREAT PROBLEM
E
More Tracks and Ter
minals, Says Hill.
DEEP WATERWAY TO THE OVlf
Business Grows Faster Than
Capacity to Carry It.
MUST EXPEND BILLIONS
Ouj ly or 3ooe,000,000 In Next
Five Years to Catch lp-Cars Do-
ing Several Times as M oh
Work as Formerly,
, ST, PAUL, Jan, it-Governor Jonn-
son today received a long letter from J. J.
Hill,, president of the Great Northern
Railway Company, in wnlcn tne ma&-
nate deals exhaustively with the vari
ous phases of the railroad problem.
Mr. Hill set out at length whttf, in
his opinion, ta responsible for the x-
Ist'ng- situation and what should be
done to remedy it. The Western conn-
try. lias grown so fast that the rail
roads have been unable to keep pace
with it. Mr. Hill says., and ht blleve
the building ot additional trackage la
th bVt solution of the problem.
He says It will require a permanent
investment of $l,10t),0Jr).00O a yea r for
Ave years to provide the railroausor,
the country with means to handle
properly the business already 1 ri slsrht
and not a 1 lowl nf? for future growth.
I'ignrcs Sliow Vast Increase.
Mr. Hill's letter follows in part:
During recpnt years Ue volume of busi
ness has increased and la Increasing with
extraordinary rauUlty, while the necemry
ad dt ion a I trackage and termnala have not
2en equal to th demands uion them. Tlie
resulting situation is a rreMsht blockade of
fnormou ltroportlons; especially at all termi-
f -Jul pain's. How to uruy tM. 'a a proMmn.
Yrt.inrjial; iechlsnical ain: ..oysU-al."- Iso lltv o
nhould he lost In applylnc uch meMurea of
remedy as may be possible.
The following figures, compiled from the of
ficial reports of the Interstate Commerce Com
mission and coTrtnic the irowth of the- rail
road business for the last lO yean, exhibit
the significant facts:
For year 1895, total nlnffle trark 'mileage.
18u.Qt7: In 1 SMH.IOl: J r.-rr . 2 per cot.
Lovomotlvea in 1WK, 33.ttW; In 1 - 4S.357;
increase, 35 pfr tent. '
Pa9f.jiger cars In 1803. 3.1,111!; hi l5, 40,-
71 :s ; Increase, S3 per ont.
Frelgrlit cars Jn .l.lSs.llV; in 3BOS.
l.T.H.-HO; Increase, -15 per cent.
Paswengrr mileage ia 1895, 12.188,44(271; in
1905. 18.800, 140.4.1o; increase. 05 (per cent.
Krelght ton nr.lls in 1S. SS.7.rlS.SStT
In 1&05. 1.43. lu.Oit; lncrewv, US per crent.
Limlfof Capacity Reached.
These figure wriow the cause of delay In
The- national rralTic movement which thi-"vtfni
to bring industry to a at and still. Equipment
It being increased ai rapidly as capital and
labor can do It. There are and will be ears
enouEli to frry the country' traffic If the
cars can txa moved, but ensmes mjni cars miut
have track on which they may run.
' The limit of service of a common carrier
has been reached when It has been moving at
all times over ItH i-ttn as many cars as can
be run on Its trauka with safety and trans
ferred and despatched from its terminals and
Junction points without unreasonable delay.
Beyond that point Increase of bustness cannot
be bandied by .increasing cars and engines.
The disparity between the growth of traffic
and the additions to railroad mileage and the
extension of terminals, shown by new mile
ase of less tlian 1 V per -. cent a year since
I'M to take care ot a traffic Increase aver
aging 11 per cent a year for 10 years pajt,
presents and explains the real problem. The
bewt JutHrment of many conservative raltraed
men in the country i that an immediate addi
tion pf not less than S per cent per annum
to the ral Iroad trackage ot the country for
sa y five years should ie- nude to relieve the
situation and. put an end to unreasonable d-
lays.
Investigations show that the railroads of
the country have been strivltifc to meet the
jrowlng . demand on them. Not only wer
there 35 per cent more locomotives and 40 per
cent more carg In service in 1115 than In 1893,
but each, engine and car rild much more
work. Trains run raster, cars are lars-r. lo
comotives are more powerful and methods of
handling; the btidinera have so improved as to
increase the general efficiency.
More Tracts and Tcrmliisls.
' No additions to equipment and no Increased
efficiency In operation can take the place of
the Imperatively required new trackaae and
trrnlQKl fac lilt The country must have, as
rapidly as they can be built, additional tracks
and terminal facilities.
No practical man would accept a contract
for furnishing the facilities required, includ
ing additional equipment and terminal facili
ties, for less than 75,0CKj a mile. The ques
tion of terminals alone ts almost prohibitive.
Terminals on the Great Northern were ac
quired, when property was cheap and can be
enlarged only by heavy outlay. in many
cities it is not even a question of coat; since
the area necessary to handle railroad business
properly la not to be had at any price. The
new - work would amount to SS-OOO.oOO.ooo to
round numbers, or" a yearly average of $1,100,
000.000. That Is the sum which should be
spent before the commerce of the country can
be moved- properly. It is Just twice- the total
amounf of the bonded debt of tbe United
States after the close of the Civil War.. It
is more than twice the entire currency in cir
culation in the country and; only a little less
than twice the deposits In a I the savings
bank in tbe United State put together.
Speed of -Freight Trains.
The average speed of a freight train la
from 12 to 15 miles an hour. The average
distance traveled hy each freight car is about
25 miles a day. That Is. the entire freight
equipment of the country la employee! to the
fair limit of its capacity, except two hours
out of the 24. On single track lines freights
must wait on sidings, while posse nicer trains
have the .right of way; cars atand for days
or weeks in yards oa at transfer points await
ing their turn.
The pressure of traffic Increases in a con
stant progression. It has reached its g-reat-
, est severity- Just at the time when railroad
construction is at. the lowest ebb. - The num-
ber ol panenjer. milts traveled in thli coin-
own
try for each mile of railroad In it has In
creased ? fer cent In the past live years, and
the number of ton-miles for each mile of
track ha grown 8 per cent. The hlshept
flhect Ion and the best economy is to have
t rm rics Re.- equipment and other facilities pros
erly adjusted to the volume or teaslneaa snd
then keep moving It In a harmonious and use
ful way. t
Itea.1 Problem of TTal lvotd..
The problem and necessity are enormous. At
HO tons to ty, my it rould require JlWifO
ttrtis of steel railft every year to furnish the
1-V" mlleu -of truck roqalred. -This is nrwrl y
two-third or the product ot all the roll Intr
mitts In the United. .-Hate, It would tall for
the lahor of MXIA nvn In s'-adlnc
track-layers. brfdg.-butldf-rs and others. !a-1mjj-
even for such ordinary est.errsU aarl im
provements as are now- being, made is not to
be had In miflVifnt quantities on any term?.
And it demands, as has been seem, the InVcst-i-rt
or io m a.nT r raHnwl plants of 1. Lttrt. -eoo.ooo
a- yi-ar tor flvs icara to provt.1-. he
railroad;-of ti:c country Villi to handle
properly the business already In elffht. not Ifil-
hiwlim for future gmiith. Thin ts U red
rllroil problem r the t" n
Two remedies must be found. The prohibi
tory cvnii now attached to enlargement o(
terminals at many iofnts snd the ahsoluis
!--It ot available- pae'- st any frle miby t
met by a dccentrsUzatlon of traffic. A. 16-
foot canal or channel ttm St. laOuia to Xew
Orleans would go further to relieve the entire
Mtfliil Wow d RoulhweM than any other
ork tbat could, be undertaken. Ylt
I-'ranklln K lane, Interstate Com
merce roinmlsnloner. Who la Hear-
Inc Spokaae Rate Cm.
mlnttl troubles adml,t of a mora i-eneral dlf-
fuiiion ot buslnew, permitting tranrs to
iake place and forwarding to be done where
land can b secured in adequate quantities
nil sc. moi- reaaonabl prtcea. To thla Ui
traffic systems of tbe country must lm ad-
Justed. Tie heavy transfers must b nude
away from the larger cities.
Fault oC Hostile Leegislatlon.,
It is not by accident that railroad-building
has declined to its loaent within a genera
tion at the very ttm when all other forma
of activity have been crowlnc most rapidly.
The invejtotf declines to put his money Into
cnterpriicii ' iindci hfln of invopularlty and
-jvti- threatened V-y lna'.v (4tia1.- ah. poMtli-al
parties with conflsisation or transfer to the
state. This feeling must be removed and
greater confidence be mutually established if
any considerable iortion of 4he vast sum nec
essary. Is to -be available for the work.
There .must: boj a realisation hy the country
of the 'embargo -on bualnea ami of tbe fact
that the cause' U insufficient railroad track
age, it will require the-best thought and the
best effort of this feneration to avert the evil
that now casts Its shadow on farmer, manu-
lacturer and mercliant to an eat the progress
of the paralysis that ts. laying its grip on the
li..rl of commenc. and to rratore the- wholw
rnniirr . ulculation, without which Ihrr. can-
nui be life and growth in either Individual
tir the commonwealth.
t'O Ij TRUST It KLI,Y TO BIiAMB
Ii..W, HUI Tells His Father Result
or, 1 nveiigatlon.
MINNEAPOLIS. Jan. 14. Blame for
the fuel ' famine
the Northwest is
placed npon the
calli coat trust by
Ixuis W. Hiil, vice-president or the
Great Northern Railway.': In a telegram
to J. J. Hill, Kivlnfr-the result of an ln
vw titration he is - maklna; 'bare,. 1 W.
Hill says: - : ' .
"The coal-dealers at the-head of the
lakes are -very largrely responsible for
pr.nt conditions. I Hail that' in- ewry
(Concluded on Page;i) .
CONTENTS TODAY'S PAPER
, The Weather. 1 '
YESTER DATS Maximum "-temperature. 22
clegre-ai minimum. lti.
TODAY'S IncreaHing- - cloudiness;' .' not so
cold-: -north shifting: to 'westerly; winds.
foreign. !-.e - v
Yoiinicer son -of dead ltah - Quarrels with
brotbiand 'attempts suicide. ;, fage 4.
Ship, and crew of 2i mn lost. Taje 5,'
Nmtlofmi.
Senate c&ntlnues Uebate on JjSrownsville riot,
Paie 3.
Ohargres against Minister Pelrce in - sealing
oontrovera". Psse Zi.
Appropriations for .Oregon rivers- and bar-
bors. Pate i:
. Politic .' -
Ballejr 'wins, first round in Texmi . Senate.
I'sge ,
'AddlcKs dictates nomination of Delaware
Senator. Page 2. ,
Exposer of grafter boycotted by Arkansas
eenmte. fas -
Domestic. ' 9
Haskin's article on Amerlcao extravagance.
Page 1.
j. J. Hill tells vast deficiencies of rallrosxla.
Pag-e 1.
Ohio Jury Indicts Standard Oil hundreds of
limes. Page i4.
Horrible case of peon site in South. Pag"4.
, Pacific Coast.
Interstate Commission begins, rate hearing
at Spokane. Pase 1.
Both Mouses organise at Salem, with Haines
President of Senate and Davey Speaker
of House. Page 1.
New combine, completely In control of ths
Washington Senate. Pars o,
Idaho legislature passes stringent anti-lobby
law. Page 7.- .
Governor Chamberlain and Legislature mayk
x-lash over wuo snail ma tee appointments.
Page tS- -
CommercliU aAd Marine. ,
Effect of cold . wave' on . local markets.
page 16.'
Northwestern srrain mrketa easier. Page 1 .
Reaction in stoclc. prices. Page 115.
Steamship Barracouta is floated at Corinto.
Page 14.
- Portias J and Vleaadt-v-.
Weather Bureau predicts moderating tem
perature for today. Page 31.
President I-ytle announces P. R. tt. N. will
build branch from Tillamook SO miles up
w tison niTtsr. nage in. .
Work to be rushed on Eaat , Side High
bchool. i'age in.' .. '....
. Of-ar 4-.lndgfr.n dtrs-of wounds anil Cd Nel-
ion faces charge of murder, rage 10,
i t V
LEID THE WORLD
li EXTRAVABANGL
Americans Are Great
est Spenders.
SliODDiDDO II DAY lit BETTIIIS
European Hotel Men Grow Fat
on Lavish Tourists.
SWARM TO SEE THE SIGHTS
tio In Hundreds of 'nioilhanda to tce
Xlueara and Great Expositions.
Live ate Top Notch in
Xeir York.
BY FRKDER1C J. HASKTX.
Th Americans are the most extraor
dlnary race of spenders that ever lived.
Havinir mora ninnpv iliAn lh nMnlo nf 1
arty other nation, we proceed to squnnder
it In a way that mak forei gnera dixxr.
mere is no question nut tnat we epenu
moro money In the evening for fun than
the rest of the world lives on during the
day. Our unheard-of extravagances take
Innumerable forms. During the racing
season we bet $1,000,000 every day and
lose- most of It. Our women pnd about
S4.ooo.ooo a year for feathers to wear on
their hats, and our small hoys gal An
early- start as spendthrifts by
8Q,uander
muta and
Sm;0O,OOO a month for
popcorn.
The people of Chicago spend $lio,ix
every week in colng to their theaters,
and they spent, more than that su m las t
rail on tlie scries ot cnampionfliip toll
games. A New York, firm reports the
sale of SI2GO.GOO worth of rugi for one
man's house, a Philadelphia jeweler sold
a $100,000 ruby to complete one vomai's
collection ot Jewels, and now comes a
New Yorker who spends S2.5JO.&0O for a
site for a private residence. The annual
expenditure In this MUiitry for ,!ittl4
things 4ike golf sticks and balls is it?,
oOO. and golf i a new game with us.
When It comes to speculation, ar
the easiest lot of "marks.' that ever drew
the breath or life. During the last 12
months the get-rlch-qulck element in the
United States has invested enough money
in wildcat mining schemes to pay off the
Government debt.
Luxurlfs of Tourists.
The Atlanic liners have suites of rooms
which cost S20UO per voyage in the Sum-
mer, and these sumptuous apartments
never lack occupants. Americans are ex
ceptionally extravagant in their travels.
W hen I was in Cairo, Egypt, the mn-
flger of the largest hotel there told me
that TO per cent of his guests were Ameri
cans. Pully - oO.OOO of our people go to
Paris every year. The keepers of th
great shops and resorts of the French
metropolis would think dull times had
struck them ir the easy money of the
Yankee spenders should stop falling on
their counters. Uncle Sam's tourists ar
so generous In -their expenditures, that
in most parts of the world the natives
ask them just as much again as they do
travelers from , other countries. Bead
sellers and curio-venders in the West In-"
dies know that a Yankee will readily
pay a half dollar for an article that a
Britisher will hesitate to purchase tor
a. shilling.
And Americans squander untold mil
lions on travel In their own country.
Ios A-naceles lias over GO. OOO rooms for
rent, and they fill up every Benson. It
is estimated that the tourists spend 125.-
t .OO.OOO in 9oiithrn California, every -Win
ter. T li o number or people wtio - visit
Niagara Fails during an ordinary year
is between 700.000 and 800.000, and during
years -when many excursions are run
from distances . the number or visitors
to the scene of this great natural wonder
runs over 1. 000.000. The amount of money
spent here hy the tourists is Incalculable.
They spend ail th way from 92 to 30.x
apiece. The last estimate may seem
hi Kb. but when' people come with their,
retinue of 'servants and take whole suites
or several suites of rooms In the blK
hotels, and make large purchases of brlc-
a-brac, furs and curios at the baxaars.
$1OU0 does, not last long.
Seeing Wonders of the West. ,
The - Yellowstone National 'Parle, with
Its natural -wonders and beauties of na
ture, attracts upwards of 20,000 visitors
a year, the majority of whom come from
east of tbe .llegrhenies. Railroad fare .
to and from this park to such sight-seers
means almost as much expense as a trip
to Europe. The Tosemlte Valley, In
accessible as it is, is Visited by 50O
sight-seers yearly, nearly all ot whom
come from great distance.
Tbe volume of travel to Colorado has
increased so rapidly durlnjj the last 't e V .
years that, although carpenters have he'en ;
kept busy throusrh the entire Winter
butidlna; new hotels, each Summer the
capacity of the state is . taxed to Us
utmost. During Jast year some 60 con
ventions were held in. Denver. Thou
sands or travelers' go down -the St. La. -
rence every Summer, and thousands more
flock to Florida In the Winter. Although
Aahvtite. Ts'ortK Oatroline.. ts net looked
upon as one ot the great National show
places. It Is now attracting 10,000 visi
tors every year. .
fllIlona Spent nfc Expositions.
Our people are great enthusiasts for ex-
positions, celebrations and conventions.
At the St. Louis Exposition one mornlnc
tConcluded on Paw 11.)
f.