THE MORNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY, APRIL
5,
1901.
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TODAT'S "WEATHER. Unsettled and rain;
brisk and possibly high southerly winds.
P0RTXAXD, PRIDAY, APRIL C, 1901.
STO INTERMEDIARIES.
If a packer in Mr. Wittenberg's
cracker factory should come to him
and say, "We have no objection to
your making: a trust out of yourself
and your Portland competitors, but if
you propose to join a trust with affilia
tions outside of the state, then we pro
test," Mr. Wittenberg: -would tell the
man to go about his business, If he
didn't tell him to go to the foreman
and get hjs time. A corporation will
not allow any Inquiry from its men into
its relations with other corporations,
but many of them, not excluding street
.car companies, undertake to make it
their business what relations an or
ganization of their men shall sustain to
similar organizations at home and else
where. What is sauce for the corpora
tion goose is not sauce for the union
gander
Weall get tired, upon frequent occa
slbn, &vith organized labor; with the
fuss and feathers of its conclaves and
pow-wows, with its ceaseless demands
for Labpr days on which to rest, with
the loud-mouthed anarchists it seems
fond of rewarding, with its sometimes
unjust strikes and intolerable boycotts,
with Its occasional resort to criminal
violence. These are specific offenses
which must be dealt with, each accord
ing to its own deserts. They are aside
from the question whether laborers have
the right to organize, and, having or
ganized, to amalgamate, and, having
amalgamated, to malce their union a
tool to help themselves Instead of a
mere painted doll to play with.
Organized capital, in quest of self
preservation, seeks to cripple the hands
of organized labor. That is its privi
lege, if it does It within the law, but
it is Its own business, not that of the
public Public opinion and an inde
pendent press will not'stand at the back
of organized labor and help it fight its
battle against capital; neither wlil pub
lic opinion and an independent press
stand at the back of organized capital
and help it fight its battle against la
bor. The corporation will "have the aid
of public sentiment in resisting unjust
strikes and boycotts. In Its determination
not to give ten hours' pay for eight
hours' work. In its decision ta hire men
on their merits and not on their travel
ing card. But the corporation will not
have that aid to deny its employes the
same rights it claims for itself.
The old personal relationship between
the employer and his men has passed
away. How many worklngmen know
the owner of the engine they drive, the
street-car they run, the wires they
string, the pipe they cast, even the
houses they build? Between himself
and his workers the owner has inter
posed a useful buffer in the person of
an employe manager, foreman, super
intendent, with whom and with whom
alone the men are permitted to treat,
and he has done this largely through
the institution we call the corporation.
"We will treat directly with our men,"
says the corporation; "we will recognize
no Intermediary-" Well, who is "we"?
Is It the owner of the railroad who
lives in New Tork. or the owner of the
street-car line who lives in San Fran
cisco? No; it Is a hired man who is
himself an Intermediary, though his
title is coveted and his salary is well
worth while. The man who hires and
discharges the employes of a corpora
tion has, as a rule, no more part In its
ownership than the grievance commit
tee of a union has in the work done by
the employes.
Let us not confuse the labor agitat
or's egotism and bad manners with the
essential nature of his calling. Let us
not assume, because he does some very
bad work, that there Is no legitimate
work for liim. The owner thinks it
worth his while to hire a man to rep
resent nim with his men, but If he can
have his way he will deny this privi
lege to the men because In their scat
tered state and with their limited busi
ness acumen and few hours of leisure
they will be kept at a disadvantage in
the negotiations.
These walking delegates of great cor
porations are very affable upon occa
sion, gentlemanly to a fault, regularly
in their pews on a Sunday morning,
eloquent at banquets, oily in argument,
well skilled to wheedle from press and
public that consideration they do not
feel for their employes. Too often they
are wolves at heart, who do not temper
the desire to serve their masters with
human kindness, too often men who
scruple not, in their love of handsome
earnings, to grind the faces of the poor.
Carnegie is giving away two hundred
millions of dollars. That is just about
the United States Treasury "by the 1m-
portunate beggars for ship subsidy.
We are told by such organs as the
Seattle Post-Intelligencer and the Salem
Statesman that these people are in
depths of poverty. Couldn't Carnegie
be induced to give his two hundred
millions to these mendicants, and re
lieve the demand upon the industry and
huslness of the country, for charity to
millionaire beggars? We are told there
is no distress comparable to that of the
men who are seeking these millions in
the name of ship subsidy. If Carnegie
is a true philanthropist he cannot be
deaf to the wants of Mark Hanna's
subsidy-seeking clients. No opportunity
for charity in such a cause or on such
a scale was ever presented in the world.
Why can't the man help out our need
iest, or at least most importunate,- beg
gars? ANARCHISM.
Prince Kropotkin, a Russian anarch
ist who is an exile from his country
because of his connection with Nihilist
conspiracies Jn the past, lectured on
Sunday to a large audience In New
York City. He advocated anarchism
without qualification, and predicted
that it would be the philosophy of the
twentieth century. The creed of an
archism teaches that capitalists are
treated as the- most proper subjects for
assassination, on the ground that a
man who has usurped the means of
production which properly belong to so
ciety as a whole should be removed
as a hindrance to social development.
This is the creed of anarchism accord
ing to the testimony given in the trial
of the Parisian and Barcelona anarch
ists several years ago. Next to cap
italists come the police and magis
trates, and all operatives, high and
low, of the machinery of law and order,
It was under this precept of anarchism
that Spies and his associates preached
the murderous extinction of the Chicago
police. This type of anarchists belongs
to the Bakunin school, whose creed is
to overturn all governments by force.
These anarchists, whose creed is sup
ported by Prince Kropotkin, who is an
educated man, in practice are detesta
ble creatures, who threw bombs into
one group of women in the Barcelona
Theater because they were rich and
wore jewels, and into another because
they appeared to be comfortable and
happy.
President Carnot, of France; the Em
press of Austria, Alexander II of Rus
sia, King Humbert of Italy and Prime
Minister Canovas of Spain are among
the victims of these anarchists, who
have e'nforced the philosophy that Is
today preached by Prince Kropotkin in
New York City. These practical an
archists are not, as some pretend, the
product of modern social conditions, for
they have been known in all human
history under various names. They
are almost Invariably a mixture of hu
man madcat, criminal vagabond and
indolent dead beat. The anarchists In
America that have committed crimes or
connived at crimes are of the type of
the assassin Bergmann, who was a
loafer, a saloon lounger. His mistress,
Emma Goldman, was never a working
woman; never anything but an indo
lent, insolent wanton. There is not a
single case of male or female anarchist
who has been punished for crime within
the last fifty years who could fairly
claim that "society was responsible for
his conduct." These criminal anarchists
have always been creatures, who from
youth up have been unwilling to work,
and who rebelled against society, not
because offered no opportunity to work,
but because society refused to give
them a pension so that they could live
without work and wallow In indolence
and sensuality at the expense of soci
ety. When such fellows, who have re
fused to work so 'long as they could
beg, steal, swindle and sponge their
way through life with Impunity, find
out they are utterly without credit and
that their general worthlessness makes
them universally shunned and distrust
ed, then they swell up with malice and
revenge against every decent man who
has worked and respected the peace
and order of society, and in consequence
has obtained some of the rewards of
honest and unremitting industry.
When your natural-born vagabond
and loafer gets to the end of his day
of successful imposition, he, of course,
cordially hates people who are indus
trious, law-abiding and property-holding,
and desires to kill them out of
pure malice because their victims are
more prosperous than himself,. This is
your every-day anarchist in both Eu
rope and America, who puts in practice
the creed of .Kropotkin. The Russian
students have always been good recruit
ing ground for Nihilists, because they
are dissolute, well educated and poor,
while their own country does, not afford
any adequate field for employment that
is on a level with their tastes, their
learning and their brains. That Is,
Russia suffers, as does France, from
too many so-called educated people of
both sexes, who, finding the profes-r
slons overstocked, will not work with
their hands a situation that is apt to
breed anarchists, adventurers and
"shady" women. The great state
schools have multiplied these folk so
fast that without emigration they do
not find it easy to get a living save
by the criminal exercise of their wits.
These "Jolly Beggars" of Russia In
shape of riotous students naturally drift
to anarchism. They are poor, proud,
intelligent, dissipated and hopeless In
their own country of any desirable ca
reer. "WISE LIMITATIONS.
David Hitchcock, late of Boston, who
bequeathed $100,000 to the Wellesley
Female Seminary to establish scholar
ships for worthy young women on cer
tain conditions, proved' himself a dis
criminating testator, though, as many
persons will think, a partial and nar
row one. Contingent upon the accept
ance of his gift and Its appropriation
to the purpose designated, Mr. Hitch
cock specified that neither colored
women nor those of the Roman Cath
olic religion should become beneficiaries
of his bequest. This condition, unsup
ported by the reasons given in expla
nation of it, sounds harsh, and is sug
gestive of an Intolerance that is con
demned alike by our free institutions
and the enlightened judgment of the
age. But when Mr. Hitchcock adds, "I
feel that the introduction Into said sem
inary of pupils who differ essentially In
race and religion from the others may
be detrimental to the interests of all,"
he gives a thoughtful man's reason for
the exclusion of the classes named from
the list of his beneficiaries, and clears
.himself of the charge of religious or
race prejudice.
Every careful educator knows how
essential to the best Interests of his
pupils is harmony-, and how detrimental
thereto is class prejudice. It is not that
one class, whether because of race, re
ligion or sex, is not the equal of and en
titled to all the rights and privileges
of any other, but that the difference
between them, whether of nature, cus
tom or teaching, leads or may lead to
friction where harmony is desirable and
even necessary to the best Interests
of all concerned. To recognize this fact
Is not to yield to intolerance, but rather
to take counsel of expediency. In this
view, David Hitchcock, late of Boston,
may, in the restrictions to whfch he
limited the application of his free
scholarships bounty in Wellesley, be
regarded as a wise and prudent man,
of the type designated by Solomon as
one that "foreseeth evil and hldeth him
self," and the more so In that he fur
ther requests the officers of the semi
nary to' limit the benefit of the assist
ance proffered by his benefaction to
"such girls as appear to them tobe
bright and intelligent and likely to
profit thereby." '
Waste of energy and of time may be
avoided in accepting the limitations-enjoined
in the administration of thhV'be
quest, and though its scope may there
by be narrowed somewhat,' its benefits
will not be lessened, but increased.
PRACTICAL SIDE OF THE CANAL.
The declaration of the latest Ameri
can commission that the Panama Canal
is feasible beyond all doubt from the
engineering and financial standpoints
has led to recent discussion not only
of the question whether the Nicaragua
or the Panama Canal Is the better un
dertaking from the economic stand
point, but also whether either project IB
"worth the candle." Aldace F. Walker,
In the April Forum, while seemingly
of the opinion that the Nicaragua route
is preferable to the one at Panama,
discusses the question whether It is
worth while to build the canal at all
until there Is rea-sonable prospect that
It will earn enough over operating ex
penses to pay the interest on the cost
computed by the commission. Mr.
Walker grants" that If the canal Is nec
essary to National defense, we ought1 to
build' It regardless "of cost, but if we
are concerned with it only as a means
of transportation, Jt becomes a matter
of dollars and cents, of income and
outgo.
Mr. Walker holds that no figures have
thus far been presented tending to show
that the proposed Nicaragua Canal
would pay interest on its cost, plus the
charges of operation and repair. To
pay interest at 4 per cent on the cost of
the canal would require a net revenue
of $8,000,000 over and above running ex
penses, which are estimated at not less
than $2,000,000, in a country subject to
torrential rains, like Nicaragua. But,
assuming that the Government can bor
row at 2 per cent, it could accept a
gross return of $7,000,000 and have
$5,000,000 net after paying an annual
charge of $2,000,000 for operation. Mr,
Walker is not convinced that even this
smaller net revenue of $5,000,000 could,
be obtained from the tolls of the canalj
He does not believe that the Imports
6t tea and silk from China and Japan,
which now come by steamer to Pacific
ports and thence eastward by rail, .Will
ever leave the railroads. "The roads;
may have to reduce the rates, but they)
may be relied upon to keep the busl-
ness." Nor does he believe that .the
railroads will ever allow the traffic 'go-,
ing the other way to escape them-They'
can send cotton goods half-way acrossr
the Pacific before a ship loading at Bos-,
ton or New York could emerge from
the western terminus of the Nicaragua
Canal. No traffic originating west of
the Alleghanlcs or north of the Gulf
States will go or come via the Isthmian
Canal, and Mr. Walker further holds (
that the same Is true of the trade of
California. Very little of that which is
now hauled by rail will go by any other
route, because the railway can pick
up or deliver the traffic with the In
terior of the country at the door of the
producer or consumer.
Mr. Walker's estimate is that possi
bly 2,000,000 tons at an outside figure
would actually use the canal at one
half the Suez rates of toll, which are
$1 80 per registered ton for vessels pass
ing through it. The Nicaragua Canal
could not impose any toll greater than
$1 per registered ton without causing
vessels to the west coast of South
America to pass through the Straits of
Magellan, instead of the Isthmian Ca
nal, and this would constitute about
one-third of the traffic available for the
canal. Mr. Walker Is chairman of the
board of management of the Atchison,
Topeka & Santa Fe transcontinental
railway system, and of cpurse his views
must be taken as the argument of a
very able lawyer -making the best pos
sible statement against the Isthmian
Canal. But as'suming, for the sake of
the argument, that he is right in his
assumption that the tolls of the canal
at the outside would not amount to
more than its operating expenses, al
lowing nothing for Interest on the in
vestment, nevertheless the public opin
ion of the Nation we believe would favor
its construction upon the same broad
ground that public opinion favored the
extension of extravagant aid to the con
struction of the first great line of trans
continental railway.
In comparison with the views of Mr.
Walker, it is Instructive to consider the
views of Arthur P. Davis, chief hydro
grapher of the Isthmian Canal Com
mission. Mr. Davis points out that the
canal must compete for traffic not only
with the route by the Straits of Ma
gellan, but with the transcontinental
railways, and for this reason it would
not be surprising if the annual traffic
should never- exceed 5,000,000 of tons,
which is more than double Mr. Walker's
estimate of 2,000,000 tons. Mr. Davis'
estimate Is a fair one, for the Suez
Canal has .& traffic today after twenty
nine years of operation of less than
10,000,000 tons, and had been in opera
tion twelve years before Its traffic
reached 5,000,000 tons per annum. But
the Suez Canal Is on the route to West
ern Europe, with 250,000,000 of civilized
inhabitants, and the ancient empires
of the Orient, having more than double
this population, with no competing
route except by way of the Cape of
Good Hope. The conclusion of Mr. Da
vis is that if the Panama works and
rights can be purchased for less than
$30,000,000, the United States ought to
purchase them and complete this canal,
but if the Panama works and rights
are held at more than $40,000,000, the
United States ought to construct the
Nicaragua Canal in preference. Mr.
Davis concludes that the American peo
ple are determined to have an Isthmian
Canal owned and controlled exclusively
by the United States Government; that
therefore it behooves the Panama Canal
J Company to place a price on its works
such that the American Government
can afford eccnomiclly to pay, and
then complete the Panama Canal. Oth
erwise, the Nicaragua Canal will be
built and the work now accomplished
at Panama will be a dead loss, because
if both canals were constructed and
operated Nicaragua would secure all
the traffic save that between Valparaiso
and Panama. It Is so obvious that It
would be financially disastrous to con
struct and operate a canal at Panama
In competition with the United States
that funds to construct it could never
be raised.
A LARGE OFFICIAL FAMILY.
The Olympla dispatches inform us
of
a distressing controversy over an
appointive office In the State of Wash
ington. This is well, as far as it goes,
but one suffers perturbation as to
whether this settles all difficulty in
Governor Rogers' happy family, or
whether there Is more yet to come. It
is a pleasure to know that all suspense
Is at amend concerning the
State Printing Expert.
But; how is it with the
State Fish Commissioner; or the
State Grain Inspector; or the
State Dairy and Food Commissioner;
or the '
State Coal Mine Inspector; or the
State Librarian; or the
State Adjutant-General; or the
State Horticultural Commissioner?
Yet we would not be unjust. There
might be more. In a spasm of conden
sation the State of Washington has
combined in one office several that once
were, or at least might have been, sep
arate, so that a single functionary now
performs the duties of Lord High
Everything Else, otherwise yclept:
State Labor Commissioner and Rail
way, Mill and Factory Inspector.
It was certainly a day of triumph
for the noble science of abbreviations
when Washington added to the world
of lexicography its S. L. C. & R., M. &
F. L '
P. S. We have purposely omitted all
deputies.
Persons who have a terror of the
word "empire" in connection with the
title of the 1905 exposition should re
member that they themselves hitched
on the awful meaning to the word. 'If
they are' In mortal dread of the term,
they are the only ones with whom It
has such a fearful sound, and others
who have not associated It with tyrants
and despots are spared. The etymo
logical meaning of "empire" Is sover
eignty or dominion. If American sover
eignty has not expanded to the Pacific,
we most certainly are under the rule of
an empire which 1b not that of our
selves or of the American people. If
American sovereignty has expanded to
the Pacific, we are enjoying twentieth
century liberty instead of being in vile
durance. If the people are not sover
eign, some other will Is, and benighted
minds which relegate ''empire" are re
duced to- a paradox. The empire of the
United States Nation is absolute, has
expanded to the Pacific and beyond to
the Philippines. If anybody denies it,
he denies what we thought several gen
erations of debate and. a civil war had
established forever.
ThevFlHp'ino woman who so kindly
enlightens- us an tovthe inmost feelings
of Agulnaldo reports that he "seemed
unable to make up his mind regarding
th$ .oath of. allegiance, to the United
States, because, he had sworn eternal
fealty to the Filipino flag." "We trust
she overestimates the chieftain's grief,
and feel almost certain she has done
so, when we recall certain other inci
dents in his career. Swearing has al
ways come as easy to him as It was this
time How about the. eternal fealty he
swore to .the. original rebellion against
Spain? How about his, forswearing re
bellion and even return to the Islands
forever Upon the $400,000 Incident at
Hong Kong? Having passed through
these successive wrenches of eternal
fealty, Mr. Agulnaldo might possibly
bear watching,- lest his next contortion
might be made without any compunc
tion at all. How .far outside his prison
wall would his eternal fealty last? y
Among recent deaths at Washington,
D. C, was that of General Stewart Van
Vleit, of the retired list of the Army.
He' was graduated at West Point in 1840
in the same class with Generals Sher
man, George H. Thomas and Getty. He
was upwards of 80 years of age, and
had served in the Florida war against
the Seminoles; in the Mexican War and
the Civil War. He was Chief Quarter
master of the Army of the Potomac Au
gust 20, 1861, to July 10, 1862. He was
retired January 22, 1881, having attained
the rank of Colonel and Assistant
Quartermaster-General June 6,- 1872.
In an article elsewhere on labor and
corporations, it Is not designed to re
flect upon Superintendent Fuller, or any
other officer of the Portland Railway
Company. While a local Incident has
given rise to the discussion, the gen
eral reflections made are not under
' stood to apply to the methods used by
that company, either under Mr. Ful
ler or his predecessor, Mr. Thlelsen.
The Rev. Dr. George F. Hunting, a
prominent minister of the Presbyterian
Church, who died at Marshall, Mich.,
yesterday, was a native of Vermont,
and was graduated from the University
of Vermont at Burlington, In 1860. He
was a Lieutenant 'in the Third United
States Artillery during the Civil War,
but resigned shortly after its close and
studied theology.
Governor Geer has shown commend
able promptness and excellent judg
ment in his selection of World's Fair
Commissioners. In dignity, ability and
geographical location his appointees
could not be surpassed. The state will
be well served by these men. The Gov
ernor's action ought to be noted by h3
party in its rising above politics to
statesmanship.
The daily per capita cost for the
maintenance of patients In the Insane
Asylum at Salem during March was 33
cents not an extravagant showing, cer
tainly, for that month, though some
what In excess of the average. Still,
with 1200 patients to feed at that price,
the cost in the aggregate is heavy,
though cheerfully borne by the com
monwealth. Old Neptune requires that even roy
alty pay court to him when traversing
his realm. To put It plainly, the Duke
and Duchess of Cornwall and York have
suffered dreadfully from seasickness
thus far In their voyage round the
world.
TWO OLD DEACONS.
Is the New Doubt So Much Better
Tlinn the Old Fnithr
Kansas City Star.
The New York Sun tells a true story
of two' old Methodist deacons William
'Gibson and George F. Coddlngton who
on the occasion of their last meeting
about 10 days ago had a friendly argu
ment about which one would get to
heaven first. Brother Coddlngton was
certain that he would be the first to go,
which led Brother Gibson to reply:
"Now, wouldn't it surprise you to find
me safe in our home In heaven when you
come?"
The two old friends and companions
died within four hours of each other, and
funeral services were held for both at the
same time in the Old Bedford-Street
Methodist Church, most of the earlier
members of which have moved up town.
For more than CO years this firm hope
of heaven had amounted in the case of
these pious men to a positive assurance.
It was as real to them as anything which
they beheld with their eyes or could
touch with their hands. It was not In
any sense an abstraction or a dream ex
cited by a strong desire. It was much
like moving from one 'city to" another.
The act of departure was accompanied by
no feeling of dread or doubt. The way
was clear and the goal was plain.
It would be interesting to know how
much of this sort of faith survives in-the
world today. It is usually found to be
the -product of a religion more intense and
emotional than that which pervades the
modern church. The most that many
Christians are able to do today Is to
hope that there is a life beyond the
grave and that blessedness may be found
after the tolls and struggles of life are
over. The people that accept without
hesitation the idea of heaven as. an
abode for the righteous are narrowed
down to a remnant which Is very small
compared with the great body of be
lievers who in an earlier period held as
literal the promise and Nthe warnings
of the Scriptures. This does not mean
that the world has grown hard or bad,
but It does mean an elimination from
life of an element of faith that added
tremendously to its significance.
These two old deacons in New York
were both retired business men. They
were not idle dreamers nor wild enthusi
asts. They bore for three-score years
or more their Dart In the active pur
suits of life, but they never let go of
the hope, sure and steadfast, which
cheered for each the end of the journey.
It meant more to them than anything
else, as the religion of every man ought
to.
Such examples of perfect trust make It
worth while for the world to pause and
consider whether life can yield anything
to men and women which can equal In
value this sense of security. There are
philosophies which appeal to the reason
and which exert a refinlnff influence on
human conduct. There are systems of
philanthropy which Immeasurably lessen
the Ills of the life which now Is, and
which minister to those bodily wants
that are more urgent than spiritual needs.
But It Is again pertinent to inquire how
much the world has gained or lost by
substituting what Is called a more ra
tional religion for the old belief in the
verities of eternity, Including the reward
of happiness for the righteous and the
penalty of banishment from God for the
wicked. It Is as certain as anything can
be that the fullness of life is in exact
proportion to the power of belief, and
that existence loses its keenest incentive
with the Introduction of those doubts
which reduce the whole proposition to a
tentative basis.
The story of the two old deacons in
New York oueht to be read with a pass
ing interest even by those individuals
who regard their own personalities -as
nothing more than an aggregation arid a
cunning arrangement of molecules.
MARK TWAIN AND ADAM.
Extracts From the Diary of
the
Father of the Human Race.
(Mark Twain In April Harper's.)
"Here are some of the first extracts I
have made from Adam's diary:
" 'Monday This new creature with the
long hair is a good deal In the way. It
is always hanging around and following
me about. I don't like this; I am not used
to company. I wish it would stay with
the other animals. . . . Cloudy today,
wind In the east; think we shall have
rain. . . . We? Where did I get that
word? ... I remember, now the new
creature uses It.
" 'Tuesday Been examining the great
waterfall. It is the finest thing on the
estate, I think. The new creature calls it
Niagara Falls why, I am sure I do not
know. Says it looks like Niagara Falls.
That Is not a reason; It Is mere wayward
ness and Imbecility. I get no chance to
name anything myself. The new creature
names everything that comes along, be
fore I can get In a protest. And always
that same pretext Is offered it looks like
the thing. There Is the dodo, for In
stance. Says the moment one looks at It
one sees at a glance that It "looks like a
dodo." It will have to keep that name, no
doubt. It wearies me to fret about It, and
it does no good, anyway. Dodo! It looks
no more like a dodo than I do.
" 'Wednesday Built me a shelter
against the rain, but could not have It to
myself In peace. The new creature In
truded. When I tried to put It out it shed
water out of the holes It looks with, and
wiped It away with the back of Its paws,
and made a noise such as some other ani
mals make when they are In distress. I
wish It would not talk; It Is always talk
ing. That sounds like a cheap fling at the
poor creature, a slur; but I do not mean
It so. I have never heard the human
voice before, and any new and strange
sound Intruding here upon the solemn
hush of these dreaming solitudes offends
my ears and seems a false note.' "
Tolstoi and the Church.
(From His Article In April North Ameri
can Review.)
Therefore, the fundamental cause of the
evil is the doctrine taught to mankind.
From it arise poverty and depravity,
hatred, executions, and murder. What Is
this doctrine?
It Is the doctrine called Christianity,
and Its substance Is as follows: There Is
a God, who, 6000 years ago, created the
world and the man Adam. Adam sinned;
and for his sin God punished all men, and
then sent his son God, like the Father
to earth in order that he should be exe
cuted. The fact that the Son of God was
crucified delivers men from the punish
ment they must bear for Adam's sin. If
people believe all this, then Adam's sin
will be forgiven them; If they do not be
lieve, they will be cruelly punished. Proof
that all this Is true Is given In the fact
that It has all been revealed to men by
God himself, knowledge of whose exist
ence Is gained from the very men who
affirm the doctrine In question. Passing
by the various modifications of this fun
damental teaching In accordance with dlf
fcrpnt creeds, the ceneral and practical In
ference from It is the same In all creeds,
namely: Men must believe wnat is taugnt
them, and submit to the existing authori
ties. This doctrine Is the foundation of the
deceit through which men come to con
sider military service a good and useful
occupation, enlist as soldiers, and become
like machines, without will, oppressing
themselves. If there are unbelievers
among these deceived men, they are ex
ceptions; and believing In nothing else,
and consequently having no firm basis,
they too yield to the general current,
and. although they realize the deception,
they submit to it as the believers do.
Therefore, in order to remove the evils
from which mankind suffers, neither the
emancipation of land, nor the abolition of
taxes, nor the communizlng of the Instru
ments of production, nor even the destruc
tion of existing governments. Is required;
the only thing needed is the annihilation
of the teaching falsely called Christian
ity. In which the men of our time are
I educated.
AMUSEMENTS.
"The Hlffhwayman" at the Mnraonm
"Nell Girynn" at Cordray's.
When Harry B. Smith and Reginald de
Koven put their heads together to pro
duce an opera they are usually success
ful; and there is no doubt that they
were especially ?o when they brought
forth "The Highwayman," which wa3
sung by an excellent company to a big
house at the Marquam last night. There
Is something refreshing about a comic
opera that is consistently such, free from
specialties which serve chiefly to ruin
tho action, and from the Frenchiness
which disfigured "The Rounders" and the
"Belle of New York." - The rollcklng ad
ventures of a swash buckler Irish brigand,
the setting of quaint, old taverns, or the
green woods, and the background of pic
turesquely costumed noblemen and peas
antry that are the Ingredients of "The
"Highwayman" are all clean and whole
some, the comedy Is clever, and the music
is unusually bright and catchy, with a
real jem here and there.
It was Edmund Stanley, one of the best
lyric tenors who has ever been seen on a
Portland stage, who carried off most of
the honors last night, although there were
many members of the company to come In
for their pro rata in the division of the
frequent applause and two rousing cur
tain calls. Mr. Stanley has a voice that
te n. vsrv enviable Dossesslon. and not
onlv docs he know how to use It splendid
ly but he can act as well, and his act
ing Is not the kind peculiar to
tenors, but the real thing. He was the
life of every scene In which-he partici
pated and his name was on every tongue
as the audience crowded Its way out of
the theater.
Miss Katherine Germalne, who joined
the company In Portland, has hardly got
her bearings as yet, but her work as Lady
Constance was unusually good, and she
made the most of every opportunity to
display her fine vloce. Her solo in the
second act was beautifully sung, and won
for her a high place In the esteem of her
hearers. Her scenes with Captain Scarlet,
(Mr. Stanley) were all cleverly done.
Although Mr. Stanley Is no poor com
edian himself, he yields palm to that
particular line to H. W. TreDenlck. who
played the amusing part of Foxy Qulller,
the great detective, so well that the au
dience had only one criticism to make
that he did not have enough to do. Mr.
TreDenlck is gifted with something of
a voice of his own, which was heard to
fine advantage In the gypsy song In the
second act. He was well seconded In his
efforts to excite the rlslbles of the house
by Charles Cantor, as the 'ostler of the
Cat and Fiddle Tavern, and Miss Addle
Sharp, a sprightly little soubrette. who
played the barmaid of the same establish
ment. W. H. Gerard had but little op
portunity to show what a really excellent
Irishman he Is. but he did a great deal
with a small part. W. H. Thompson, as
Captain Rodney, sang an enjoyable song,
and Helen Ralnsley made a pretty Lady
Falema. The remainder of the cast was
up to standard.
The chorus is large, memoes a numuer
of very pretty girls, and alngs with pre
cision and spirit. Joining in the many
concerted numbers with an energy un
usual with comic opera choruses, and
with a volume of sound which showed the
presence of many good voices. The scen
ery is all new and beautiful, and the cos
tuming, especially that of the principals.
i3 sumptuous in the extreme.
"The Highwayman" will bo the attrac.
tlon the rest of the week, and without
doubt will play to crowded houses.
"NELL GWYNN" AT CORDRAY'S.
Famous Play T fell Acted by the
Cniumlnga Company.
The favorable Impression made by the
Cummings. Company In "The Little Min
ister" at Cordray's theater, was enhanced
last evening at the same house by the
production of a modern version of "Nell
Gwynn." It Is the first time this drama
has been played in this city, and the oc
casion sufficed to draw a large and' inter
ested audience to witness a well acted
and uniformly Interesting play.
The story of Nell Gwynn and her In
trigue with the Second Charles of Eng
land has been variously told In romantic
song and history. Of late her escapades
'have been the theme of several success
ful plavs under the different titles of
"English Nell." "Mistress Nell," and
"Sweet Nell of Old Drury." In these
plays as in the present Instance, the
courtesan of authentic history has been
subordinated to the-better qualities of the
good natured, generous, and happy spirit
ed actress. In following the. play one
can not help feellnir that distance has
certainly loaned enchantment to the
founder of the ducal house of St. Albans,
and especially so when one remembers
that Queen Victoria herself set the stamp
of royal legitimacy upon one of Nell's
male descendants by espousing the god-
mothershlp of the present uuxe or. as.
Albans. ,
The cast made up by the Cummings
Company Is about as evenly balanced as
one could wish to see In any first class
theater. It is a striking and notlcable
fact that tho principals do not outshine
the leaser roles more than their lines per
mit. As the King. Mr. Cummings enacted
the royal rogue "Who never said a fooj
iBh thing, and never did a wise one,
in a manner tha't won approbation, do
spite the character's apparent frailties.
In the name part, Laura Hall proves her
self to be an actress of ability and his
trionic intelligence. Her "Nell" Is by long
odds the best piece of acting seen at
Cordray's for many a day. The support
ing company, some 23 in number. Is to be
commended in tne aggregate lur o .
cellent support rendered, and tho many
fine stage pictures presented.
The same programme Is announced ror
the balance of the week.
Useful Women's Club.
San Francisco Chronicle.
Honesdale. Pa., has a Women's Asso
ciation which Is of some practical value.
It has been organized to foster public
Improvements In a town with only 3000 In
habitants. The association has built a
retaining wall along the river flowing
through the town, constructed a pretty
river walk beautified the bridge, turned
a frog pond Into a park, and done many
other things which nave ueen u !..
profit to the municipality. Women a
clubs like the one at Honesdale are worth
encouraging.
c
Pleasant Employment.
Chlcaco Inter Ocean.
The Duke of Manchester's American
father-in-law, Mr. Zimmerman, Of Cin
cinnati Is In London for tho purpose of
discovering, contemplating and possibly
removing his son-in-law's debts. It must
be an agreeable thing for an American
father-in-law to have an opportunity of
engaging his leisure hours in this inter
esting and useful way. It must be, or
American fathers who are blessed with
wealth would not be so fond of Indulging
their tastes In this direction.
The Shoe on the Other Foot.
Louisville Courier-Journal.
It Is observant that those who are most
Indignant in denouncing the proposition
that Great Britain give suffrage to the
Kaffirs are those who are also most in
dignant in denouncing any abridgment by
Great Britain of the independence of the
Boers. It la often the case that those
who are most vociferous In the cause of
"human liberty" Insist as voclferously
that they shall select the humans to
whom alone liberty shall be given.
to Be Remembered.
Indianapolis Journal.
In discussing our Philippine policy, it is
worth while to remember that the main
prestige to the United States from taking
over the Islands will not be material, but
moral. The extension of commerce or In
crease of trade that may follow annexa
tion will be Insignificant compared with
the glory of establishing republican gov
ernment, civil and religious liberty and
free -schools where they have never ex
isted before.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Funston hitched his wagon to a star
and caught .up with the star.
The salt trust, unfortunately, doe3 not
give the paragraphers a fresh thame.
The crown is no more of a suceess as a
nightcap than in the days of Henry IV.
The trouble in Para Indicates that thero
is such a thing as overdoing the rubber
business.
The Czar could hardly feel more worried!
If Carrie Nation were headed for St. Pe
tersburg. When Agulnaldo visits the United Statea
he will be surprised to find so much of It
outside the boundaries of Boston.
Editor Harmsworth says Americans ara
slow. He ought not to judge the whole
country by the long-distance telephone
operators.
Before Aguinaldo's petition to be lib
erated Is acted upon, It should be remem
bered that an amigo In Jail la worth two
in the bush.
New York has just had a record sale of
revenue stamps, and the remarkable
thing about It was that the goods had
not been marked down.
If any one ever asked you if It wa hot
enough for you, you can imagine how
John Bull feels when people Inquire why
he doesn't have a Funston In South Af
rica. If the distinguished gentleman from
Manila shall visit this country, it will
behoove the holders of long-distance x
sprinting records to get Into active train
ing. The art of domestic cookery, it Is said.
Is falling off in the large towns and cities
of the land, and the New York Sun offers
in partial explanation the following verse:
The Queen is in the clubhouse,
Sputterln' and spakin'.
Instead of In the kitchen,
Butterin' and balcln'.
In Chicago, Where women can vote for
school officers, 23,813 women registered In,
1S94, but at each election year since the
number has steadily diminished, until last
year there were so few women registered
as to be hardly noticeable. The same
general fact Is true of Boston and other
cities where woman suffrage to a limited
extent prevails,
A Montreal reporter described Rudyard
Kipling as a "red-haired, squint-eyed lit
tle pomposity." An English commentator,
says the description 13 accurate In every
respect, with the following reservations r
"First, Mr. Kipling Is not red-halrtu;
second, he does not squint; third, ho is
not pompous. He can be 'nasty' to peo
ple he does not like; but to people he
does like, he Is the most unassuming, un
affected and courteous being under
heaven."
Manila, P. I., March 4. (Unconfirmed
Special.) Your correspondent, after pro
ducing evidence that he was born In
Kansas, was admitted to Aguinaldo's cell
and learned from the distinguished pris
oner that unless he Is rescued by the ex
pedition from the New York Jolonel,
which he says is due now, he will come
to America and request General Miles
Job. Falling In that, he will ask to be
put on the police force, and If his putt
Is not strong enough to secure him this
honor he will either go' Into the lecture
field, on the stage, into the business of
writing magazine articles or accept a
position on tho Lincoln Commoner- He
says he also has some intention of going
Into politics, and wants to know If an in
come of 520,000 a week. Judiciously in
vested, will do anything toward purchas
ing a seat in the United States Senate.
He says he hasn't the money by him. but
he thinks he could borrow It In Boston.,
He also inquires anxiously where he
can buy an automobile and what It coats
to take golf lessons. He says he under
stands that Editor Harmsworth says the
United States is slow, but as he has led
a very fast life over here, he Is willing
to take chances on It. If all this gets
through the press censor, you may look
for another dispatch 'in a few days.
Voices of Sprln. 7
(Our Omar smites U bloomln' lyro.)
The robin who at sunset doea hU best
To voice tho Joy that swells within his breast.
Is taking cough drops on the chilly morn
And putting mustard plasters on his chest.
The flowers blooming bright along the way
Seem full of promise of tho coming May,
And yet he fain would think that promise falsa
Who stilt enormous fuel bills must pay.
A Jug of quinine by a red-hot blaze.
A draught of whisky made in early days,
A strip of flannel 'round a smarting threat.
And thus one pens those gladsome vernal lay3.
The Mikado's Sonar.
My object all sublime,
Which I shall achieve-. 4n, imo.i,
Is to make Br'er Ilchcuas icooa to tlmo, -Br'er
Nicholas come to tlmo.
At fighting I'm Immense,
And a very few months hence
The bear that walks like a. man wilt look
A whole lot like thirty cent.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
An Indication. He How innocent Miss Prls
cilla is! She blushes at everything I say to
her. She That Isn't Innocence; that's refine
ment. Life.
Frankly Explained. "Why did you hit the
complainant with a fence picket?" tha Judga
asked. "Because, sorr, Ol didn't have time to
pull up a post." answered the accused. In
dianapolis Press.
Courtesy. "Willie." said the small boy's
mother, "I hope you are pollta to everybody."
"Ycs'in. I am. I sicked tho dog on a tramp,
but I said 'excuse me afterward." Washing
ton Star.
A Bad Sign. Clara I am afraid that Char
ley Stretcher Isn't going to make a good hus
band for Sadie. Maud-Why not? Clara-She
tells me that when they came bacfc from their
wedding trip he had some money left. Puok.
One on Him. Hardware Dealer What was
old Krankey kicking about? Clerk He wanted
ten pounds of nalla. Said he'd pay tor them
and take them home nlmiwlf. Wouldn't trust
us to deliver them. Hardware DealerSurly
old codger. I hope he'll sweat for it. Clerk
Oh. I took care of that. I threw in an extra
ten pounds, and ho never knew It. Phlladol-phia-
Press.
"As Is the Needle to the Pole."
Eugene M. Rhodes in New OrIuw Times
Democrat. I promised her I would be true
As to the DQle the constant nedle:
But Blanche's eyee are brightest bhie.
And Cora's tongue can coax and wheedle.
And Belle's white brow with beauty gtews,
And Helen's vole I low and tender.
And Delia's cheek Is Ilka tho row.
Or blushing Autumn's sunset splendor.
And Katie hath a merry glance,
And Georglc's lips (they ay) are sweet one;v
And Jessie's tongue Is like a tance.
And Nora's eyes ar Indiscreet enes;
And Laura has a perfect form.
And lovely Lncy slntnt divinely.
And Polly'i hand Is soft and warm. '
And saucy Madge can tlout me Hsely.
And Inez hath an April face.
'And I poor fcot am simply silly
About the three I call dls-Orace.
And brier-Row and tlger-Llly.
But still I write my other soul
That I am spite of all temptations
True as the needle to the pole .
(With slight magnetic variations.)