16 CapitalPress.com May 1, 2015 Foundation promotes ag advocates online Bloggers connect with non-farm audiences Online AgChat Foundation: http:// agchat.org It’s MomSense: http://www. itsmomsense.com By MATTHEW WEAVER The Pinke Post: http:// Capital Press thepinkepost.com/ AIRWAY HEIGHTS, Wash. — Aspiring agricultur- al bloggers got a crash course in writing for an audience that doesn’t know much about farming — but often thinks it does. “I have a good friend who thinks everything about ‘Big Ag’ is terrible, farmers are doing it wrong, and he knows how to fix it — he can’t even weed his yard,” said Sara Duncan, a stay-at- home mom who writes the It’s MomSense blog. “I think that’s a really common feel- ing among consumers, but it’s not their fault. Whose job is it to educate the con- sumer about where their food comes from? I think it’s Matthew Weaver/Capital Press The Pinke Post blogger Katie Pinke delivers the opening keynote address to the AgChat Foundation Pacific Northwest conference April 27 in Airway Heights, Wash. our job.” Duncan spoke during a panel discussion at the Ag- Chat Foundation’s Pacific Northwest Agvocacy confer- ence about using blogs and such social media sites as Twitter or Facebook. Most consumers are sev- en generations removed from the farm, Duncan said. “Assume they know nothing,” she said. “I’m a very facts-based person, but facts don’t convince people. Emotions convince people, values convince people. You have to connect with them. I use the fact that I’m a mom to connect with other par- ents: ‘I also want my kids to grow up in a safe, healthy environment. We care about the same things, we’re not that different, you and me. We just have different ideas on how to get there.’” Keynote speaker and North Dakota farmer Katie Pinke uses her Pinke Post blog to talk about life on her farm and in a small town and important political topics. As a result, Pinke and members of her family have found themselves trusted sources for information. Efforts to make a change globally have to begin lo- cally, and farmers can build trust by getting involved be- yond their agriculture circle, Pinke said. “We don’t need to be defensive, we already have enough of that,” she said. “You can’t just be one voice in a silo, you have to have a community.” Duncan recommended having a thick skin. “The biggest mistake I see is aggression and people being really angry, creating conflict and picking a fight — that’s not productive,” she said. “You’re never going to talk anybody into something when you’re mean.” The panelists and audience members discussed sharing potentially hot-button, easily misunderstood images like cattle castration or branding with an audience that’s never been exposed to the daily op- erations on a farm or portrays agriculture as cruel. Duncan said context is critical. “Don’t be afraid to tell (consumers) the truth — a lot of people want to know more, they don’t want you to say, ‘I don’t want you in the chick- en house,’” she said. “Let them in, but make sure they know what they’re seeing. Consumers ask for things, but they don’t know what they’re asking for. If you’re going to show that stuff, do it, but couch it right.” Audience member and Eastern Washington dairy farm blogger Krista Stauffer recommended putting the farmer’s name, logo and de- tailed information on photos, so they can’t be used by agri- culture opponents in mislead- ing ways. GMO labels constitutional, federal judge says Ruling rejects arguments by food manufacturers By MATEUSZ PERKOWSKI Capital Press Proponents of mandato- ry labeling for genetically modified organisms believe they’ve landed a heavy blow for the legality of such laws with a favorable court deci- sion in Vermont. A federal judge has reject- ed several legal arguments by food manufacturers who claimed the state’s GMO la- beling statute violated the U.S. Constitution. While the ruling may be appealed, it marks the first time that a GMO labeling law has withstood constitutional scrutiny in federal court, said George Kimbrell, attorney for the Center for Food Safety, which supports the statute. “This is a critical first step in securing the public’s right to know, not just for Vermont but for all Americans,” he said. Several other states are expected to vote on GMO labeling in 2016, so the Ver- mont decision affirms they can legally require such dis- closures, Kimbrell said. “There is no legal reason why states can’t require the labeling of genetically engi- neered food,” he said. When Vermont passed its GMO labeling law in 2014, the Grocery Manufacturers Association and other groups filed a complaint alleging the statute unconstitutionally vi- olates their free speech rights and interferes with interstate commerce. Chief U.S. District Judge Christina Reiss has dismissed the plaintiffs’ interstate com- merce claims and a portion of their First Amendment claims. She also indicated they probably won’t fare bet- ter with the remainder of their freedom of speech arguments. The plaintiffs argued GMO labeling will burden interstate commerce because they will have to create Ver- mont-specific packaging and distribution channels. Even if the statute does create such a problem for manufacturers, it doesn’t rise to the level of being unconsti- tutional, she ruled. The law doesn’t impose greater burdens on compa- nies outside Vermont than those within the state, doesn’t require GMO labeling na- tionwide and doesn’t conflict with laws in other states, she said. Reiss said the controversy over GMOs does not “con- vert a disclosure requirement about a food product into a political statement,” and thus doesn’t represent unconstitu- tionally compelled political speech. Farm Market Report California Egg Reports Hay Market Reports Compiled by USDA Market News Service • Des Moines Compiled by USDA Market News Service • St. Joseph, Mo.-Portland Hay prices are dollars per ton or dollars per bale when sold to re- tail outlets. Basis is current delivery FOB barn or stack, or delivered customer as indicated. Grade guidelines used in this report have the following relation- ship to Relative Feed Value (RFV), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), TDN (Total Digestible Nutrients), or Crude Protein (CP) test num- bers: Grade RFV ADF TDN CP Supreme 185+ <27 55.9+ 22+ Premium 170-185 27-29 54.5-55.9 20-22 Good 150-170 29-32 52.5-54.5 18-20 Fair 130-150 32-35 50.5-52.5 16-18 Utility <130 36+ <50.5 <16 WASHINGTON-OREGON HAY (Columbia Basin) (USDA Market News) Moses Lake, Wash. April 24 This week FOB Last week Last year 930 1,200 1,330 Compared to April 17: All grades of Alfalfa steady in a light test. Trade very slow for domestic and export markets. Light new crop harvest was noted this week in the south basin region. Demand light to moderate. Retail/Feedstore steady. Demand remains good. Tons Price Alfalfa Large Square Premium 200 $210 Alfalfa Mid Square Fair/Good 500 $160 Alfalfa Small Square Premium 60 $260 170 $250 OREGON AREA HAY (USDA Market News) Portland, Ore. April 24 This week FOB Last week Last year 1,567 1,285 1,989 Compared to April 17: Prices trended generally steady com- pared to the same quality last week. Trade activity and demand picked up slightly this week. The continued good weather in several areas of Oregon has slowed down demand, as pasture grasses are growing causing end users to be able to turn ani- mals out on pasture rather than purchase and feed additional hay. Export hay business seems to slowly be picking up, how- ever, continued issues with few containers available and back- up of containers needing to be loaded at the shipping ports continues to slow down the ability to export hay overseas. Most producers have sold all that they plan to sell for this season. Tons Price CROOK, DESCHUTES, JEFFERSON, WASCO COUNTIES Fair 700 $160-175 Alfalfa Large Square Small Square Supreme 2 $275 Premium Orchard Grass Small Square Grass Mix-Five Way Small Square LAKE COUNTY Alfalfa Large Square Small Square Premium 2 20 46 $250 $250-260 $260-270 Premium 40 $275-290 Supreme Prem./Sup. Good Prem./Sup. Premium 30 Premium 67 35 499 30 $250 $240 $170 $240 $220 $150 Alfalfa/Oat Mix Large Square 60 Forage Mix-Three Way Large Square Good 36 $150 EASTERN OREGON: No new sales confirmed. HARNEY COUNTY: No new sales confirmed. KLAMATH BASIN: No new sales confirmed. IDAHO HAY (USDA Market News) Moses Lake, Wash. April 24 This week FOB Last week Last year 2,400 2,400 2,200 Compared to April 17: All grades of Alfalfa weak in a light test. Trade remains slow. Demand light to moderate. Most ar- eas of the trade area are reporting drier than normal conditions and an oversupply of unsold feeder hay. Some exporters are turning previously bought supplies back to producers. Heavy mice infestations this year are reportedly ruining range and hay fields. Retail/feed store/horse not tested this week. Tons Price Alfalfa Large Square Premium 500 $165 Utility/Fair 400 $120-130 1500 $80-120 CALIFORNIA HAY (USDA Market News) Moses Lake, Wash. April 24 This week FOB Last week Last year 18,115 13,088 19,022 Compared to April 17: All classes traded active on good de- mand. Milk prices remained in the mid-teens, which affected the demand from dairies for test hay. According to U.S. Drought Monitor, In northeastern California, exceptional drought (D4) was expanded across the northern Sierras this week, while in northern Modoc County, a one-category improvement (from D4 to D3) was rendered to the depiction to more accurately reflect local condi- tions. Alfalfa export hay in region 6 is $6 lower this week and pre- mium Alfalfa is steady. Prices reported FOB at the stack or barn unless otherwise noted. REGION 1: North Intermountain Includes the counties of Siskiyou, Modoc, Shasta, Lassen, and Plumas. No new sales confirmed. REGION 2: Sacramento Valley Includes the counties of Tehama, Glenn, Butte, Colusa, Sutter, Yuba, Sierra, Nevada, Placer, Yolo, El Dorado, Solano, Sacramento. Tons Price Alfalfa Premium 50 $220 Good/Prem. 100 $220-250 Rice Straw Good 150 $100 REGION 3: Northern San Joaquin Valley Includes the counties of San Joaquin, Calaveras, Stanislaus, Tu- olumne, Mono, Merced and Mariposa. Tons Price Alfalfa Supreme 300 $255 Premium 180 $255 200 $260 300 $250 Good/Prem. 300 $235 150 $265 Oat Premium 100 $180 Triticale Good 350 $135 Forage Mix-Two Way Premium 100 $280 REGION 4: Central San Joaquin Valley Includes the counties of Madera, Fresno, Kings, Tulare, and Inyo. Tons Price Alfalfa Supreme 400 $250 225 $180 65 $250 Premium 360 $225-240 Good 140 $205 REGION 5: Southern California Includes the counties of Kern, Northeast Los Angeles, and West- ern San Bernardino. Tons Price Alfalfa Supreme 375 $263 Premium 175 $250 Good 175 $215 REGION 6: Southeast California Tons Price Alfalfa Prem./Sup. 1150 $222-230 800 $220 Premium 4300 $210-220 3750 $222-223 75 $235 3070 $200-232 Good/Prem. 100 $220 Bermuda Grass Premium 300 $150 75 $205 Klein Grass Premium 300 $147 Livestock Auctions Cattle prices in dollars per hundredweight (cwt.) except some replacement animals per pair or head as indicated. California SHASTA (Shasta Livestock Auction) Cottonwood, Calif. April 24 Current week Last week 1,234 1,404 Compared to March 13: Slaughter cows and bulls steady with multiple new buyers. Feeder cattle steady with good demand on bigger cat- tle. A bit softer on lighter cattle. Slaughter cows: Breakers $100-112, $113- 117 high dress; Boning $93-99; Cutters $90-92. Bulls 1 and 2: $112-129; $130-141 high dress. Feeder steers: 400-450 lbs. $280-305; 450- 500 lbs. $240-270; 500-550 lbs. $225-268; 550-600 lbs. $220-257; 600-650 lbs. $205-237; 650-700 lbs. $200-235; 700-750 lbs. $195-223; 750-800 lbs. $185-206; 800-900 lbs. $180- 203.50. Feeder heifers: 400-450 lbs. $240-300; 450- 500 lbs. $220-247; 500-550 lbs. $210-245; 550-600 lbs. $204-227; 600-650 lbs. $190-220; 650-700 lbs. $185-210; 700-750 lbs. $178-204. Pairs: No market test. Calvy cows: No market test Idaho CALDWELL (Treasure Valley Livestock) April 24 Steers: 300-400 lbs. $167.50; 400-500 lbs. $217.17; 500-600 lbs. $211.75; 600-700 lbs. $178.25; 700-800 lbs. $184.75; 800-900 lbs. $168.75; 900-1000 lbs. $164.50; 1000 lbs. and up $122.25. Heifers: 300-400 lbs. $250.50; 400-500 lbs. $210.25; 500-600 lbs. $205; 600-700 lbs. $189.75; 700-800 lbs. $171; 800-900 lbs. $157.50; 900-1000 lbs. $140.50; 1000 lbs. and up $128.75. Cows (wt.): 800-900 lbs. $91.50; 900-1000 lbs. $104.50; 1000-1100 lbs. $96.25; 1100- 1200 lbs. $100.25; 1200-1300 lbs. $104.25; 1300-1400 lbs. $105.50; 1400-1500 lbs. $100.25; 1500-1600 lbs. $101.75; 1600-1700 lbs. $103.75; 1700-1800 lbs. $106.75. Bull calves (wt.): 300-400 lbs. $182.50; 400- 500 lbs. $200; 500-600 lbs. $171.75; 600-700 lbs. $216.25; 700-800 lbs. $173; 800-900 lbs. $124; 1000-1100 lbs. $117; 1100-1200 lbs. $128.50; 1200-1300 lbs. $117; 1300-1400 lbs. $132.50; 1400-1500 lbs. $119.50. Bulls (wt.): 2100-2200 lbs. $133. Pairs (hd.): 1000 lbs. and up $1625. Bred heifers (hd.): 800 lbs. and up $1675. Stock cows (hd.): 800 lbs. and up $1250. Bull calves (hd.): 100-200 lbs. $475; 200-300 lbs. $400; 300-400 lbs. $950. Heifer calves (hd.): 100-200 lbs. $480; 200- 300 lbs. $575; 300-400 lbs. $400. Steer calves (hd.): 100-200 lbs. $600; 200- 300 lbs. $560; 300-400 lbs. $440; 400-500 lbs. $775. Washington TOPPENISH (Toppenish Livestock Auction) (USDA Market News) Moses Lake, Wash. April 24 This week Last week Last year 2,020 1,850 1,500 Compared to April 17 at the same market: Stocker and feeder cattle $6-10 higher. Trade active with very good demand especially from locals looking for small lots of stocker cattle to fill pastures. Slaughter cows $4-5 higher. Slaughter bulls $9-10 higher. Trade active with very good demand. Slaughter cows 60 percent, Slaughter bulls 5 percent, and feeders 35 per- cent of the supply. The feeder supply included 54 percent steers and 46 percent heifers. Near 78 percent of the run weighed over 600 lbs. Feeder Steers: Medium and Large 1-2: 400-500 lbs. $307.50; 500-600 lbs. $250-258; 500-600 lbs. $278, Value Added; 600-700 lbs. $240-250; 600-700 lbs. $ 220, Full; 600-700 lbs. $260, Value Added; 700-800 lbs. $205- 213; 700-800 lbs. $190-202, Full; 700-800 lbs. $220, Thin Fleshed; 700-800 lbs. $ 230, Value Added; 800-900 lbs. $190. Medium and Large 2-3: 600-700 lbs. $ 216. Large 1-2: 900-1000 lbs. $183; 1000-1100 lbs. $160. Small and Medium 1-2: 400-500 lbs. $287.50. Small and Medium 4: 600-700 lbs. $190. Feeder Heifers: Medium and Large 1-2: 400-500 lbs. $246; 500-600 lbs. $240-250; 500-600 lbs. $232, Full; 500-600 lbs. $252, Thin Fleshed; 600-700 lbs. $ 219-227; 600-700 lbs. $205, Full; 700-800 lbs. $210; 700-800 lbs. $184, Full; 800-900 lbs. $180. Medium and Large 2-3: 600-700 lbs. $200. Large 1-2: 1100-1200 lbs. $140. Large 2-3: 600-700 lbs. $185-187.50; 1000-1100 lbs. $ 154. Small and Medium 4: 300-400 lbs. $210. Slaughter Cows: Boning 80-85 percent lean 1200-1900 lbs. $ 106-112; Boning 80-85 per- cent lean 1200-1500 lbs. $117-123; Lean 85- 90 percent lean 1300-1600 lbs. $105-111; Lean Light 90 percent lean 900-1250 lbs. $95-105. Slaughter Bulls: Yield Grade 1-2 1100-2600 lbs. $135-144. Bred Heifers: Medium and Large 1-2: 1026 lbs. 3-6 mos. $2025. Bred Cows (Per Head): Medium and Large 1-2: Young to Mid-Aged (3-8 yrs. old) 1100- 1400 lbs. 3-9 mos. bred $1775-2200. Cow/Calf Pairs (Per Pair): Medium and Large 1-2: Young (3-5 yrs. old) 1300-1400 lbs. $2300- 2575 with 100-200 lbs. calves; Broken Mouth 1100 lbs. $2100 with 100-150 lbs. calves. Small 4: Young 700 lbs. $1225 with 200-250 lbs. Calves. Oregon MADRAS (Central Oregon Livestock Auction) April 24 Baby calves $350-600. Steers: 200-300 lbs. $285-295; 300-400 lbs. $295-306; 400-500 lbs. $260-275; 500-600 lbs. $225-265; 600-700 lbs. $231-245; 700-800 lbs. $205-220; 800-900 lbs. $200-235. Bulls: High yield. $110-129; thinner $95-101. Pairs: Full-mouth vacc $2200-2650; bro- ken-mouth vacc $1800-2200. Heifers: 200-300 lbs. $250-280; 300-400 lbs. $280-290; 400-500 lbs. $240-255; 500-600 lbs. $225-250; 600-700 lbs. $219-223; 700-800 lbs. $185-196. Heiferettes: 850-1000 lbs. $175-180. Cows: Heiferettes $150; Feeder cows $95; high-yield $115; medium-yield $85; low-yield $80. VALE (Producers Livestock Market) April 22 Total receipts: 681 head. Comments: Fair to steady market on the grass cattle on the better quality offered; lower quality grass and yearling cattle cheapter. Steer calves: 300-400 lbs. $262-308; 400-500 lbs. $277-305; 500-600 lbs. $253-278. Heifer calves: 300-400 lbs. $247-263; 400-500 lbs. $233-257; 500-600 lbs. $214-249. Yearling steers : 600-700 lbs. $224-253; 700- 800 lbs. $194-212 Yearling heifers: 600-700 lbs. $204-231; 800- 900 lbs. $184-212; 900-1000 lbs. $166-181; 900-1000 lbs. $154-169. Stock cows (young): $1275-1900; Stock cows (B.M.): NA. Butcher cows: $95-107. Thin shelly cows: $82-93. Younger heiferettes: $114-146. Butcher bulls: $104-123. Shell egg marketer’s benchmark price for negotiated egg sales of USDA Grade AA and Grade AA in cartons, cents per dozen. This price does not reflect discounts or other contract terms. DAILY CALIFORNIA SHELL EGGS (USDA Market News) Des Moines, Iowa April 24 Benchmark prices are steady. Asking prices for next week are 2 cents higher for Jumbo, Extra Large, and Large with Medium and Small prices steady. The undertone is steady. Offerings are light to usually moderate on moderate to fairly good demand. Supplies are light to moderate. Market activity is moderate to active. Small benchmark price $1.35. Size Range Size Range Jumbo 219 Extra large 193 Large 186 Medium 155 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Prices to retailers, sales to volume buyers, USDA Grade AA and Grade AA, white eggs in cartons, delivered store door. Size Range Size Range Jumbo 211-223 Extra large 174-186 Large 171-180 Medium 135-144 Cattle Market Reports Compiled by USDA Market News Service • Oklahoma City-Des Moines-St. Joseph, Mo.-Moses Lake, Wash. Cattle prices in dollars per hundredweight (cwt.) except some replacement animals per pair or head as indicated. NATIONAL SLAUGHTER CATTLE (Federal-State Market News) Oklahoma City-Des Moines April 24 Compared to April 17: In the Southern Plains, live sales have sold $2-5 lower in the Texas Pan- handle and $2-4 lower in Kansas. Few dressed sales reported in Nebraska steady to $3 lower. Boxed beef prices April 24 averaged $252.31, which is $2.07 lower than April 17. The Choice/Se- lect spread is $9.37. Slaughter cattle on a national basis for negotiated cash trades through Friday afternoon totaled about 48,325 head. Last week’s total head count was 69,979 head. Midwest Direct Markets: Live Basis, Steers and Heifers 35-80 Percent Choice, 1200-1400 lbs. $159-160; Dressed Basis, Steers and Heifers $253-260. Slaughter Cows and Bulls (Average Yielding Prices): Slaughter cows and bulls steady to $1 higher. USDA’s Cutter cow carcass cut-out value Friday afternoon was $234.28 up $.51 from April 17. NATIONAL FEEDER AND STOCKER CATTLE (Federal-State Market News) St. Joseph, Mo. April 24 This week Last week Last year 211,600 307,600 264,100 Compared to April 17: Yearling feeder cattle sold mostly $5-8 lower with instances $10 lower with the most declines on those weighing over 800 lbs. Steer and heifer calves traded unevenly steady to mostly $5 lower, with unweaned and fleshy calves trading $10-15 lower. In the Southeast calves sold mostly $2-5 lower with instances $10 lower. Prices have leveled off the last couple of weeks with the fed cattle market struggling to hold its ground and most of the more-aggressive stocker orders having been filled. Farmer-feeders have now fully moved into plant- ing season mode and most will have little interest in the cattle market until they put their planters away. Good margins do not exist for either the packer or the cattle feeder at this time. April 17, live cattle and feeder cattle futures fell out of bed with aggressive selling pressure with live cattle futures down the limit, and feeder cattle contracts trading near limit losses. Over the last three weeks live fed prices have lost $8/cwt seeing significant price erosion go- ing into May. Packers have kept the lid on cattle slaughter which has been particularly light over the last several months as they have struggled with poor margins. Packers have drastically cut kills, bought cattle for 3-4 weeks out, now have the leverage over the cattle feeder and will want to guard it with determination. Feedlots have shown that with higher breakev- ens for feeder cattle placed on feed they are willing to keep cattle on feed longer, stretching out market- ing windows as steer carcass weights are at 871 lbs. for the week ending April 11, 21 lbs. heavier than last year at this time. Supplies of beef, pork and poultry were signifi- cantly higher than a year ago. This is a result of higher production especially of pork and chicken, lower exports and higher imports of beef. Total beef in cold storage was 479.8 million pounds ending March 31 compared to year ago totals of 405.8 million lbs. Pork supplies in cold storage ending March 31 were 668.6 million lbs. compared to year ago totals of 575.5 million lbs. Chicken had supplies of 751.9 million lbs. ending March 31, compared to year ago levels of 591.6 million lbs. The afternoon Cattle on Feed Report had April 1 inventory at 100 percent; placements at 100 percent and marketings at 98 percent. Inventory was slightly higher than expected, with placements larger than expected and marketings close to expectations. Auction volume included 54 percent over 600 lbs. and 41 percent heifers. AUCTIONS This week Last week Last year 168,400 221,700 174,200 WASHINGTON 2,400. 75 pct over 600 lbs. 46 pct heifers. Steers: Medium and Large 1-2 550-600 lbs. $255.76; 650-700 lbs. $242.31; 750-800 lbs. $211.20. Heifers: Medium and Large 1-2 500-550 lbs. $242.56; 550-600 lbs. $242.11; 650-700 lbs. $224.53; half load 720 lbs. $210. DIRECT This week Last week Last year 36,000 44,800 49,800 SOUTHWEST (Arizona-California-Nevada) 200. 100 pct over 600 lbs. 48 pct heifers. Steers: Medi- um and Large 1-2 Del May 875 lbs. $204. Heifers: Medium and Large 1-2 Del May 825 lbs. $204.50. NORTHWEST (Washington-Oregon-Idaho) 3400. 76 pct over 600 lbs. 21 pct heifers. Steers: Medium and Large 1-2 Current FOB Price 700-750 lbs. $235 Idaho; 850-900 lbs. $195-202 Idaho-Or- egon. Current Delivered Price 850-900 lbs. $198- 202 Idaho. Future Delivery FOB Price 550-600 lbs. $234-250 Idaho-Oregon for September-Novem- ber; 600-700 lbs. $228-240 calves for October-De- cember Washington-Idaho-Oregon. Heifers: Me- dium and Large 1-2 Current FOB Price 700 lbs. $228 Idaho. Current Delivered Price 900 lbs. $196 Idaho. Future Delivery FOB Price 500-600 lbs. $229-245 for October-December Idaho-Oregon. NORTHWEST DIRECT CATTLE (USDA Market News) Moses Lake, Wash. April 24 This week Last week Last year 3,350 1,600 2,450 Compared to April 17: Feeder cattle steady to $4 lower. Trade slow this week as most of the Northwest is current and feedlots are at capacity levels. More activity was noted for calf contracts for fall delivery. Demand remains good. The feeder supply included 79 percent steers and 21 percent heifers. Near 76 percent of the supply weighed over 600 lbs. Prices are FOB weigh- ing point with a 1-4 percent shrink or equivalent and with a 5-10 cent slide on calves and a 3-8 cent slide on yearlings. Delivered prices include freight, commissions and other expenses. Cur- rent sales are up to 14 days delivery. Steers: Medium and Large 1-2: Current FOB Price: 700-750 lbs. $235 Idaho; 850-900 lbs. $195-202 Idaho-Oregon. Current Delivered Price: 850-900 lbs. $198-202 Idaho. Future Delivery FOB Price: 550-600 lbs. $234-250 Idaho-Oregon for September-November; 600-700 lbs. $228-240 calves for October-December Washington-Ida- ho-Oregon. Heifers: Medium and Large 1-2: Current FOB Price: 700 lbs. $228 Idaho. Current Delivered Price: 900 lbs. $196 Idaho. Future Delivery FOB Price: 500-600 lbs. $229-245 for October-Decem- ber Idaho-Oregon.